Charles Yang & Ken Wexler | Nature and Nurture
2021
01.01
Happy New Year
今天是二零二一年元月一日，新年伊始，万象更新。《理论语言学五道口站》在此对各位学界前辈、同行学人、老师和同学们在过去一年给予我们的关注和支持表达最诚挚的敬意与感谢！祝大家元旦快乐，阖家欢乐、万事胜意！2021年，我们将继续用心与大家分享名家大师人物专访、语言学最新、经典著作与学界会议、课程讲座等实时资讯，让我们携手共进，砥砺前行！
编者按
《理论语言学五道口站》（2021年第1期，总第135期）继续与大家分享“Linguistics Flash-Mobs”系列线上会议。本次会议时间为2020年12月17日，辩论双方为美国宾夕法尼亚大学教授Charles Yang与美国麻省理工学院教授Ken Wexler。两位教授就“Nature and Nurture (先天与后天)”一题展开讨论，由意大利米兰比可卡大学Maria Teresa Guasti教授担任主持。
注：本次分享已由主办者法兰克福大学和帕多瓦大学双聘语言学教授Cecilia Poletto及其团队、主要参会者Charles Yang教授和Ken Wexler教授授权转载。
01
About the speaker
人物简介
Charles Yang
Charles Yang，语言学家、认知科学家，目前任宾夕法尼亚大学语言学系、计算机科学系和心理学系教授。他主要教授语言学、计算机科学和心理学课程，同时主持认知科学研究项目。他曾在麻省理工学院人工智能实验室学习计算机科学。他的研究侧重于语言习得、语言变异、语言变化和自然语言处理。他还对思维的研究非常感兴趣，研究主要包括儿童数字和概念的发展。
Charles Yang is a linguist and cognitive scientist. He is currently Professor in the Department of Linguistics, Computer Science, and Psychology at the University of Pennsylvania. He now teaches linguistics, computer science, and psychology while directing the Program in Cognitive Science at the University of Pennsylvania. He studied computer science at the MIT AI Lab. He works on language acquisition, language variation, language change and natural language processing (NLP), and is broadly interested in the study of the mind including numerical and conceptual development in children.
Ken Wexler
Ken Wexler，斯坦福大学心理学博士，麻省理工学院心理学和语言学教授。担任Wexler语言实验室主任，该实验室致力于以多种形式研究人类语言计算系统的本质。他们研究语言结构的诸多方面，包括句法、语义、语用和形态。他们还研究儿童语言发育不成熟 (语言发展)，儿童在较晚年龄习得语言可能导致缺乏可塑性(二语习得) ，失语症(语言缺失)以及由于遗传因素导致的语言异常。此外，通过精确的计算机模型对语言学习（例如参数设置）进行研究。
Ken Wexler is a professor of Psychology and Linguistics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He received his doctorate in Psychology from Stanford University. He is director of the Wexler ab/Normal Language Lab. The Wexler ab/Normal Language Lab seeks to understand the nature of the computational system of human language in its many guises. They study most aspects of linguistic structure, including syntax, semantics, pragmatics and morphology. They also study immature language in the child (the development of language), language learned at an unusually late age where there might be lack of plasticity (second language acquisition), aphasia (language loss) and unusual language due to genetic factors. In addition, language learning (e.g. parameter-setting) is studied via precise computational models.
Maria Teresa Guasti
Maria Teresa Guasti，米兰比可卡大学心理学系教授。她目前正在从患有阅读及语言障碍的被试身上探究语言与音乐的关系，来确认节奏是否能够帮助提升语言运用能力，或更宽泛一点说，影响两者关系的关键因素是什么。她研究不同儿童群体的语言习得，比如单语者、双语者、植入人工耳蜗、患有特定语言障碍、阅读障碍以及自闭症的儿童。她的研究兴趣为语音句法接口、形态句法习得、语义学和语用学，同时也研究音乐节奏与语言的关系以及语言与写作的关系。
Maria Teresa Guasti is Professor in the Department of Psychology at the University of Milan-Bicocca. She is working on the relation between language and music in participants with reading or language disorders, seeking to establish whether rhythm can improve performance and more generally which is the key of this possible effect. Maria Teresa Guasti studies language acquisition in different populations of children (Monolingual, bilingual, children with cochlear implant, with specific language disorders, with dyslexia and with autism). She is interested in the interface between phonology-syntax, the acquisition of morphosyntax, semantics and pragmatics. She also researches on the relation between musical rhythm and language and between language and writing.
02
Nature and Nurture
先天与后天
此次会议主要围绕三个问题展开：
一、不完美输入-完美习得：哪一个是最好的语言习得模式？
二、参数设置中的频率规则是什么？
三、在双方的模型中，第三个影响因素的作用是什么？
Imperfect input-perfect acquisition: which is the best language acquisition model?
Which is the rule of frequency in parameter setting?
Which is the role of the third factor in your model?
03
Linguistics Flash-Mobs
系列视频会议
在当前的特殊时期下，我们特推出“Linguistics Flash-Mobs” 系列视频会议，以期保持语言学社区的紧密联系。接下来的每场会议中，两位著名学者将使用不同的框架对学界长期存在的理论问题进行一场场妙趣横生的“论战”！
此次线上活动由Cecilia Poletto主办，C. Gianollo, A. Giorgi, C. Guardiano, M. T. Guasti, M. R. Manzini, E. Pagliarini, E. Sanfelici, A. Tomaselli协办。
"Linguistics Flash - Mobs" is a series of video conferences thought to be a way to keep the linguistic community connected during this troublesome period. In each conference, two seminal scholars will face long-standing theoretical issues making use of different frameworks: fun is guaranteed with these "sword fights"!
This project has been thought and organised by Cecilia Poletto, with the help of C. Gianollo, A. Giorgi, C. Guardiano, M. T. Guasti, M. R. Manzini, E. Pagliarini, E. Sanfelici, A. Tomaselli.
往期推荐
本文版权归“理论语言学五道口站”所有，转载请联系本平台。
编辑：高洁 陈金玉
排版：高洁 陈金玉
审校：李芳芳 王丽媛