请收藏｜全国医学博士英语统考新大纲样卷听力题、答案、原文
小白老师说：大家好，今天和大家分享全国医学博士英语统考新大纲样卷的听力、答案和原文。根据2020年一月出台的全国医学博士英语统考的最新大纲，听力有 5 则对话、5 篇短文，加上读题型说明的时间，整个听力部分时长约28分钟。大家可以安排一个不受打扰的时间，完整地做一下这套题，是很不错的考前模拟。
Paper One
Part I Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In this section you will hear five conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear three questions about the conversation. The question will be spoken only once. After you hear the question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.
Listen to the following example. You will hear:
W: Can you tell me about yourself, please?
M: Sure, my name's Harry, 18 years old, currently studying biology and chemistry at school. As you are aware, I hope to pursue a career in medicine.
W: Harry, why do you want to be a doctor?
M: Well, everyone in my family is a doctor, so I think I can follow on nicely.
W: Apart from treating patients, what do you think being a doctor is going to require?
M: Well, you also need to be academic and have to be an excellent communicator with your team and the patients.
Questions number 1~3 are based on the conversation you've just heard.
Question number 1: What are the two speakers talking about?
You will read:
1. A. Switching to biology and chemistry.
B. Choosing to be a family physician.
C. Going to college.
D. Being a doctor.
The correct answer is D. Mark the right answer on the ANSWER SHEET as indicated below:
Question number 2: Why does Harry choose to be a doctor?
You will read:
2. A. Because of his family influence.
B. Because of the fact that he's young.
C. Because of the practical skills he has.
D. Because of his love for biology and chemistry.
The correct answer is A. Mark the right answer on the ANSWER SHEET as indicated below:
Question number 3: What is mentioned by Harry as one of the requirements for a doctor?
You will read:
3. A. A strong sense of responsibility.
B. Good communicative skills.
C. Excellent health.
D. Great patience.
The correct answer is B. Mark the right answer on the ANSWER SHEET as indicated below:
Now let's begin.
Conversation One
1. A. Food packaging.
B. Safety of processed foods.
C. Concern about sugar intake.
D. Maintenance of a healthy diet.
2. A. Red.
B. Orange.
C. Green.
D. Brown.
3. A. Indifference.
B. Resentment.
C. Overreaction.
D. Undervaluation.
Conversation Two
4. A. The human emotions.
B. The recent research on stress.
C. The use of mind to treat the body.
D. The relation between hunger and anger.
5. A. Neural activity increases.
B. Blood sugar level drops.
C. Blood pressure drops.
D. Heart rate increases.
6. A. They are wrongly defined.
B. They interact with each other.
C. They can be confusing sometimes.
D. They are replaceable with each other.
Conversation Three
7. A. Choosing a hospital.
B. Carrying out a survey.
C. Issuing a health policy.
D. Buying health insurance.
8. A. It is covered by the government.
B. It has limited doctor choices.
C. It is popular in the public.
D. It has a wide coverage.
9. A. Saving money.
B. Getting better service.
C. Being easy to manage.
D. Waiting for a short time.
Conversation Four
10. A. The use of MRI imaging.
B. The prevention of arthritis.
C. The benefits of hand exercises.
D. The possible damages to knuckles.
11. A. The bubbles in joint fluid burst.
B. The source of infection forms.
C. The friction of joints occurs.
D. The joint fluid increases.
12. A. Pop sound.
B. Broken finger.
C. Pulling-apart of bones.
D. Cracked bone.
Conversation Five
13. A. Social media.
B. Animal world.
C. Attention span.
D. Modern devices.
14. A. It is shorter.
B. It is much longer.
C. It is misunderstood.
D. It is thoroughly studied.
15. A. They lack self-control.
B. They are easily distracted.
C. They can sustain their attention.
D. They have an extended attention span.
Section B
Directions: In this section you will hear five passages, At the end of each passage, you will hear three questions about the passage. The question will be spoken only once. After you hear the question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.
Passage One
16. A. The lack of vitamins.
B. The issue of food safety.
C. The intake of fruit and vegetable.
D. The deficiency of basic micronutrients.
17. A. In the developing countries.
B. In the developed countries.
C. In the American countries.
D. In European countries.
18. A. Unbalanced diet.
B. Slow development.
C. Nervous irritability.
D. Short-term memory.
Passage Two
19. A. The harmful effects of obesity.
B. The incidence of birth defects.
C. Obesity in the world.
D. Unhealthy lifestyle.
20. A. On the decline.
B. Likely to go unnoticed.
C. Serious enough to be fatal.
D. Caused by an obese mother.
21. A. 20 million.
B. 40 million.
C. 200 million
D. 400 million
Passage Three
22. A. A possible preventive for hearing loss.
B. An attempt to develop a nutritious diet.
C. A research on possible risks of vitamins.
D. An effective way to reduce noise pollution.
23. A. A diet with mineral supplements.
B. A combination of some herbal elements.
C. A physical protection with a medication.
D. A cocktail of vitamins plus magnesium.
24. A. Those who have hearing loss.
B. Those who work for General Motors.
C. Those who are exposed to loud noise.
D. Those who participate in the research.
Passage Four
25. A. Challenges of being a resident.
B. Academic and clinical medicine.
C. Importance of medical knowledge.
D. Increased responsibility in the hospital.
26. A. You cannot afford to make a mistake.
B. You have to be independent working.
C. Study is placed above everything.
D. Work comes before study.
27. A. No pain, no gain.
B. To stay or to leave.
C. More work, less sleep.
D. More haste, less speed.
Passage Five
28. A. To persuade patients to be self-centered.
B. To advise physicians to learn how to learn.
C. To encourage teamwork among physicians.
D. To urge partnerships between patients and physicians.
29. A. You are a real mentor.
B. You practice evidence-based medicine.
C. You have no trouble making a diagnosis.
D. You can get all the information you need.
30. A. Hard decisions.
B. End-of-life issues.
C. Discussion in secret.
D. Difficult medical terms.
新大纲样卷听力答案
对 话
Conversation 1：1. C 2. C 3. C
Conversation 2: 4. D 5. B 6. B
Conversation 3: 7. D 8. B 9. A
Conversation 4: 10. D 11. A 12. C
Conversation 5: 13. C 14. A 15. C
短 文
Passage 1：16. D 17. A 18. B
Passage 2: 19. A 20. D 21. D
Passage 3: 22. A 23. D 24. C
Passage 4: 25. A 26. D 27. C
Passage 5: 28. D 29. D 30. D
新大纲样卷听力原文
Conversation One
M: I'm always seeing in the news these days that we're eating too much sugar. And one important factor is that sugars are sometimes hidden in processed foods.
W: Do you check the information on the back of food packets, Rob?
M: Yes, I do. But it can be very confusing. There's so much information.
W: Some food products have colour coding on the packaging to help you understand the information. Red for high levels of sugar, salt or fat, orange for medium, and green for low.
M: That sounds helpful.
W: But one problem we see in nutrition is sort of this focusing on any individual foods. Sugar is demonised. People link it to drugs. And I think this is the wrong way forward.
Questions number 1~3 are based on the conversation you've just heard.
Question No. 1: What is mainly discussed in the conversation?
Question No.er 2: Which colour is mentioned to represent low levels of sugar?
Question No. 3: According to the woman, what is the problem with people's attitude towards sugar?
Conversation two
W: How's your mood today? Feeling happy?
M: Very happy. I've just had lunch.
W: That's good! I was doing some research about feeling angry when you are hungry.
M: Oh, how is that?
W: When we are hungry, the level of sugar in our blood is lower. As the blood sugars drop, this causes an increase in particular hormones-hormones that the body uses to prepare us to either fight or run away from a dangerous situation. And those have an impact on our brain. The neuropetides that trigger for hunger are the same ones that trigger for anger.
M: So when we are hungry, the same emotions can run through us. We can be angry and make poor decisions. And that is hunger.
Questions number 4~6 are based on the conversation you've just heard.
Question No. 4: What are the two speakers talking about?
Question No. 5: According to the conversation, what will happen when we are hungry?
Question No. 6: What can we say about anger and hunger according to the conversation?
Conversation Three
W: I need information on purchasing health insurance.
M: Is this the first time you have had health insurance?
W: Yes.
M: You have a choice of HMO or PPO. Do you understand the difference?
W: I am not sure what those are.
M: An HMO is a little cheaper, but you have limited choices of which doctor you choose.
W: Are the payments the same for a PPO and HMO?
M: By going to the providers on the HMO list, you can save money in out-of-pocket expenses.
W: Can you give me a comparison between a PPO and an HMO?
M: We can mail you a questionnaire and when we have all of your information, we will mail you a quote.
Questions number 7~9 are based on the conversation you've just heard.
Question No. 7: What is mainly talked about in the conversation?
Question No. 8: What can we learn about an HMO?
Question No. 9: What is the advantage of an HMO over a PPO?
Conversation Four
W: Don't crack your knuckles! You'll end up with arthritis when you're older.
M: I don't know why I do it. It just feels nice.
W: Now we can use MRI imaging to see what is actually happening inside the joint when someone cracks their knuckles.
M: Then what is happening?
W: Well, when you crack your knuckles, it stretches the space around the joint and surrounding fluid and causes the formation of bubbles. Now when you stretch the joint far enough, these bubbles burst, producing the 'pop' sound.
M: Is there any damage to the joint?
W: When the bones of the joint are pulled apart, and there'll be a little bit of fluid in between, which can damage the surfaces of the joints.
Questions number 10~12 are based on the conversation you've just heard.
Question No. 10: What is the conversation mainly about?
Question No. 11: What happens when you stretch the joint far enough?
Question No. 12: What could cause the damage to the surfaces of the joints?
Conversation Five
M: Can you stay focused for the full six minutes? Sounds easy? Maybe not, because today we're talking about our attention spans: are they shrinking?
W: Yes, a report said the average human attention span has fallen to just eight seconds.
M: Can that be true? Goldfish reportedly have an attention span of nine seconds. Human attention span is now shorter than that of a goldfish?
W: Yes. Smartphones, the Internet, social media-these all certainly do take up a lot of our attention.
M: OK, but some psychologists said for someone distracted by their smartphone or wanting to quickly Google something, it doesn't mean that they don't have the ability to control and sustain their attention when they carry out another task.
Questions number 13~15 are based on the conversation you've just heard.
Question No. 13: What is the main topic of the conversation?
Question No. 14: What can we learn about the average human attention span when compared with a goldfish?
Question No. 15: What did the psychologists say about some smartphone users?
Section B
Directions: In this section you will hear five passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three questions about the passage. The question will be spoken only once. After you hear the question, read the four possible answers marked A，B，C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.
Passage One
To remain fit and healthy, you need a balanced diet including essential vitamins and minerals. But what if your diet consists mainly of staples like rice, bread, or corn because other foods are not available or affordable? If so, you will likely develop "hidden hunger," a deficiency in essential micronutrients.
Although often invisible, hidden hunger negatively impacts health and development, and ultimately, economic well-being. About one-third of the world's population suffers from hidden hunger, mostly in developing countries. This is more than the population of Europe, the America, and Australia combined.
Hidden hunger's impact starts early, Nutritional deficiencies during the first 1,000 days, between the start of a mother's pregnancy and the child's second birthday, impede the child's ability to properly grow, learn, and ultimately reach his or her full potential. It can be devastating for long-term health, and ultimately, society's growth and prosperity.
Questions number 16~18 are based on the passage you've just heard.
Question No. 16: What is the passage mainly about?
Question No. 17: Where is hidden hunger most serious in the world?
Question No. 18: What is the effect of hidden hunger on a child?
Passage Two
Katherine Stothard and colleagues from Britain's Newcastle University combined data from 18 studies to look at the risk of abnormalities of babies whose mothers were obese or overweight. The study found obese women were nearly twice as likely to have a baby with neural tube defects, which are caused by the incomplete development of the brain or spinal cord. For one such defect, spina bifida, the risk more than doubled. The researchers also detected increased chances of heart defect, cleft lip and palate, water on the brain and problems in the growth of arms and legs.
The World Health Organization classifies around 400 million people around the world as obese, including 20 million under the age of five, and the number is growing. Obesity raises the risks of diseases such as type 2 diabetes, heart problems and is a health concern piling pressure on already overburdened national health system.
Questions number 19~21 are based on the passage you've just heard.
Question No. 19: What is the main topic of the passage?
Question No. 20: What can we learn about the birth defects in the talk?
Question No. 21: According to WHO, how many people are classified as obese around the world?
Passage Three
About 10 million people in the US alone are suffering from impairing noise-induced hearing loss. The rising trend is something that researchers and physicians at the University of Michigan Kresge Hearing Research Institute are hoping to reverse, with a cocktail of vitamins and the mineral magnesium that has shown promise as a possible way to prevent hearing loss caused by loud noise. The nutrients were successful in laboratory tests, and now researchers are testing whether humans will benefit as well. The combination of vitamins A，C and E，plus magnesium, is given on pill form to patients who are participating in the research. The medication, called AuraQuell, is designed to be taken before a person is exposed to loud noise. The preclinical translational research that led to the formulation of AuraQuell as an effective preventive was funded by General Motors and the United Auto Workers.
Questions number 22~24 are based on the passage you've just heard.
Question No. 22: What is the passage mainly concerned about?
Question No. 23: What did Kresge Hearing Research Institute develop to prevent hearing loss?
Question No. 24: Who, according to the speaker, would benefit from the formulation of AuraQuell?
Passage Four
The main challenges in residency come down to the increased responsibility. Real patients and the attendings are fully counting on you. As a medical student, you're primarily there in the hospital to learn and you had the resident above you, who was actually responsible for the patient. If you make a mistake or don't know the answer, it isn't that big of a deal. But as a resident, you're there to work, with learning being a secondary objective. You are the primary doctor caring for the patient and sometimes that's scary. And if you don't keep on top of your study and medical knowledge, you will be doing a significant disservice to your patients. Your increased responsibility also translates to many more nights on call, which means even more sleep deprivation than when you were a medical student. Increased responsibility also often translates to being the last one to leave.
Questions number 25~27 are based on the passage you've just heard.
Question No. 25: What is the main idea of the passage?
Question No. 26: Which of the following can be true of a resident?
Question No. 27: According to the speaker, what does the increased responsibility mean to a resident?
Passage Five
I really want all of you patients to form partnerships with your physician. This partnership requires that we think because the physician and the patient are both after the same thing and that's the truth. As physicians, we get information by listening, asking questions, observing through examinations, and touch and then we think. I heed the words of my mentor long ago who told me all of the information that you need will be there if you let the patient talk and you listen.
If you can speak with your physician easily about the simple thing, then it'll be so much better. When you come to the hard things, serious illness, addiction and end-of-life discussion, ask questions and get answers and make sure the discussion is not in the big-word, top-secret language that we learned in medical school. Make sure that you understand before making decisions.
Questions number 28~30 are based on the passage you've just heard.
Question No. 28: What does the speaker intend to do in the passage?
Question No. 29: What happens if you let the patient talk and you listen according to the speaker?
Question No. 30: What does the speaker suggest that patient-physician communication avoid?
This is the end of listening comprehension.
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