查看原文
其他

精品干货:SCI论文的语言修炼之道——积累

xueshan199 科研共进社 2021-12-21

前言:

有很多刚接触论文写作的朋友问我,怎样才能写出地道专业的语言,如何培养自己论文写作能力,从而让自己的论文尽快发表出来?我个人的意思是:万丈高楼平地起,写作能力的提高必须靠一点点积累。从语言的角度来说,最快的训练方法是积累和模仿。具体而言,就是增加句型句式的储备,然后在此基础上融会贯通,从而在真正撰写论文的时候能够信手拈来。研之成理此前推出了“SCI论文写作中一些常用的句型总结”系列,做的就是这个事情。要想写出专业地道的语言,首先你得知道不止一种写法,对于同一个意思,能够用不同方式表达出来(即重述语意),而如果你没有这种能力,那么就需要你从文献中摘录一些经典的句型来充实自己的句型库。


声明:本文重点针对写作小白,欢迎写作高手联系小编分享更好的经验技巧!


今天主要跟大家分享一下,如何有意识地积累自己的句型库。

方法1:平时看文献的时候,有意识地把一些好的句型摘录下来,然后定期对这些句型进行总结,归类,把相近的内容放到一起,从而构成自己的句型模板库。这种方法的优点是不额外花费时间,在阅读文献的同时,慢慢地就完成了积累的过程。但是缺点也很明显,周期长,而且习惯的养成也不容易。


方法2:利用Google scholar等工具有目的性地将一些同类型的表达方式总结在一起,迅速地构建自己的句型模板库。这种方法的优点是时间比较集中,所得到的模板库也比较全面,缺点是需要额外花费一定的时间。


下面实例解析:

比如你在文献中看到这样一句话,觉得很好,如何利用Google scholar搜集很多同类的表达方式?

1. Nature succeeds in transforming CO2 into carbohydrates by photosynthesis, but the reduction of this highly oxidized molecule is a significant challenge for chemists. (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 10253 –10255)


首先提炼一下这句话的关键词:photosynthesis,CO2 reduction,challenge,然后在Google scholar里面检索


Google scholar的好处在于可以显示与关键词相关的内容,这样可以很方便地判断哪篇文献与所检索的内容相关,从而节省检索时间。



上图显示的是,google scholar检索结果中的第1,2条,从显示的内容来看,第二条出现了bottlenecks in natural systems, photosynthesis等词,与我们的例句1比较接近,符合预期,同时论文发表在Science上,比较有参考价值,而第一条无法从显示内容上判断是否有相近的表达,可以跳过,因为搜集模板库只需要找到合适的就行,并不需要查看所有可能的文献。


点开第二条进入文章的官网主页:

我们可以找到有几种跟例句1相关的表达:

Nature succeeds in transforming CO2 into carbohydrates by photosynthesis类似的表达有:

1)Photosynthesis fixes CO2 from the air by using sunlight. 

2)Photosynthetic organisms harness solar radiation to build energy-rich organic molecules from water and CO2. (Science 2016, 352, 1210-1213)


而与the reduction of this highly oxidized molecule is a significant challenge for chemists类似的表达有:

Numerous energy conversion bottlenecks in natural systems limit the overall efficiency of photosynthesis. (注:意思不同,但表达接近)


类似的,我们点开第四条,可以找到这样一个句子:

Photosynthesis uses solar light energy to couple the formation of O2 and carbohydrates with the fixation of CO2. (Adv. Mater., 2014, 26: 4607-4626)


按照这种方法,我们还可以找到一系列类似的表达,如:

1. Although it is estimated that Nature uses CO2 to make over 200 billion tons of glucose by photosynthesis each year, synthetic chemists have had little success in developing efficient catalytic processes that exploit this attractive raw material. (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 11018-11019)


2. Photosynthetic organisms usesolar energy to generate reducing equivalents and incorporate atmospheric CO2 intoorganic molecules. (Nature Biotechnol. 2009, 27, 1177–1180)


3. Conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2)to fuels enabling a closed-carbon cycle powered by renewable energy has thepotential to dramatically impact the energy and environmental fields. However,the chemical reduction of CO2 to highly reduced products suchas methanol (CH3OH) remains a daunting task. (J. Am. Chem.Soc. 2014, 13645, 16081-16095)


4. Artificial photosynthesis, the solar conversionprocess that is combining water splitting and CO2 reduction withoutsacrificial electrondonors is a great challenge for the generation of sustainablegreen energy. (Nano Energy 2016, 25, 128-135)


5. Making sustainable fuels and storing light energy in chemical bonds, through the transformation of CO2, using only the sun, water, and carbon dioxide, is the coveted holy grail. (ACS Energy Lett. 2016, 1, 281−282)


6. The chemical activation of CO2,that is, the splitting of its structure in a chemical reaction, is a major challenge in synthetic chemistry because of the very high thermodynamic stability of CO2, which requires an efficient energy source for its activation. (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2007, 46, 2717-2720)


7. Photosynthetic organisms capture sunlight very efficiently and convert it into organic molecules. (Chem. Soc. Rev., 2009, 38, 185-196)


8. Nature uses carbon dioxide, on amassive scale, as a one-carbon building block for the synthesis of organic molecules. (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 12749, 17196-17197)


9. Utilizing solar energy to fix CO2 with water into chemical fuels and oxygen, a mimic process of photosynthesis in nature, is becoming increasingly important but still challenged by low selectivity and activity, especially in CO2 electrocatalytic reduction. (Chem 2017, 3, 950-960)


10. Arguably, catalysis is still faraway from mastering the combination of CO2 and renewable energyas elegantly and efficiently as Nature does.


而如果对于同一内容,你掌握了10种以上的表达,那么在写论文的时候选择的空间就很大,下一期内容我们将重点介绍,积累之后如何变化,敬请期待!

: . Video Mini Program Like ,轻点两下取消赞 Wow ,轻点两下取消在看

您可能也对以下帖子感兴趣

文章有问题?点此查看未经处理的缓存