论文快递: 第一百七十五期

六yi利物浦

编者按

Urban Studies 每年投稿量为1000多篇，每年发表16期，共180篇论文左右。由于稿件量大，文章从接收到正式出版周期较长，因此编辑部会在稿件接收排版后的第一时间在网上发布论文全文 (Online First) 。"论文快递" 栏目将同步推出网上刊登的最新论文，方便读者了解Urban Studies的最新动态，敬请关注！

本期为“论文快递”栏目的第一百七十五期，将介绍Urban Studies Online First的四篇论文和Current Issue的一篇论文。主题包括伦敦替代巴士服务的文化意义，居民安置与社区关系修复，城市流行病与气候环境，城市研究中的白人性，洪灾影响下的社区环境与生活幸福感，欢迎阅读。

01

Distractions in a disruption: The soothing effect of the heritage bus ride during London Tube strikes    

中断中的分心体验：伦敦地铁罢工期间乘坐传统巴士的舒缓效果

Kevin KH Tsang（英国伦敦大学学院）首次出版时间：2022/10/31｜研究论文
Abstract

This paper explores the cultural significance of replacement bus services during three London Tube strikes in 2018. Strikes cause delays to journeys, and are often anticipated, framed, and reported as nuisances. Empirically informed by participant observation, the paper discusses how social interaction among passengers, triggered by a heritage bus journey, could redefine a disrupted commuter trip as a collective heritage journey, via its unusual materialities and sensations. Passengers notice the different material configuration of heritage buses, leading to the creation of an affective atmosphere, which then spreads among passengers as if by affective contagion. The resulting initiation of a temporary guide–audience relationship in this unexpected space enabled different forms of intercultural dialogue and knowledge exchange, which transformed an ordinary everyday experience into something extraordinary, in which heightened awareness of the bus environment and an increase in social interaction somewhat resembled a guided tour of the city combined with commuter transport. While the economic injustices at the heart of Tube strikes should not be neglected, I propose that the use of heritage buses as replacement transport contributes to the formation of affective atmosphere via the increase in social interactions triggered by their material configuration, and consequently to the sharing of everyday history.

摘要本文探讨了2018年伦敦地铁三次罢工期间，替代巴士服务的文化意义。罢工会导致行程延误，通常会被认为是妨害行为，而被诬陷、被报告。根据对参与者观察的实证研究，本论文讨论了由传统巴士旅行带来的乘客之间的社交互动，如何通过其不同寻常的物质性和感觉，将中断的通勤行程重新定义为集体遗产之旅。乘客注意到传统巴士不同的材料配置，从而产生情感氛围，然后情感氛围就像情感传染一样在乘客之间传播。由此在这个意想不到的空间建立起临时的向导-观众关系，促成了不同形式的跨文化对话和知识交流，将普通的日常体验转变为非凡的体验，在这种情况下，人们对巴士环境的意识增强，社交互动增加，在某种程度上类似于有导游解说的城市游览与通勤交通的结合。虽然导致地铁罢工的核心的经济不公平现象不容忽视，但笔者认为，使用传统巴士作为替代交通工具，通过其材料配置引发的社交互动的增加，有助于形成情感氛围，从而有助于分享日常生活的历史。
Keywords 

affective atmospheres，collective remembrance，heritage，London bus，sociality

关键词情感氛围，集体记忆，遗产，伦敦巴士，社会性
原文地址https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980221128210

02

Can residents regain their community relations after resettlement? Insights from Shanghai      

居民安置后能否恢复社区关系？来自上海的见解

Zheng Wang（英国谢菲尔德大学）Jie Shen（中国复旦大学）Xiang Luo（中国复旦大学）首次出版时间：2022/10/31｜研究论文
Abstract

This article investigates whether residents have been able to regain their sense of belonging and neighbourliness after being resettled in urban China and what factors have prevented or enabled them to do so. There is a growing body of work examining the post-resettlement community relations of residents. However, this process of community rebuilding is mostly understood as resident-led and little is known about the role and influence of state actions such as state-led community building and changing resettlement policies. Our study addresses this gap by drawing on the case of Hesha Hangcheng which is one of Shanghai’s major relocation settlements. Our findings, from analysing a household survey and interviews, show that the sense of belonging and neighbourly relations of residents are poorer compared to before they were resettled. The analysis further reveals that residents who are more satisfied with their new housing and neighbourhood tend to have better neighbourly relations and sense of belonging compared to those who are not satisfied and feel they have lost out from the resettlement. Additionally, the state’s efforts in rebuilding communities by providing more community organisations and activities have given residents a platform to encounter each other and help facilitate neighbourliness and a sense of belonging. Theoretically, our study contributes by revealing the interplay between residents and state-led community rebuilding efforts and how they have affected post-resettlement community relations.

摘要 

本文调查了中国城市居民在重新安置后是否能够重新获得归属感和邻里感，以及影响他们获得归属感和邻里感的因素有哪些。针对居民重新安置后的社区关系的研究越来越多。然而，这一社区重建过程大多被理解为以居民为主导的，对于国家行动的作用和影响知之甚少，例如国家主导的社区建设和不断变化的重新安置政策。我们的研究以鹤沙航城—上海的一个主要易地搬迁安置点，为案例来解决这一认识差距。通过分析家庭调查和访谈，我们发现，与搬迁前相比，居民的归属感和邻里关系更差。进一步分析表明，与那些不满意新居住地，感觉因为移居而有所损失的居民相比，对新住房和新居住区更满意的居民往往具有更好的邻里关系和归属感。此外，国家通过提供更多的社区组织和活动来重建社区，为居民提供了一个相互接触的平台，有助于促进邻里关系，并提升归属感。理论上，我们的研究有助于揭示居民和国家主导的社区重建工作之间的相互作用，以及它们是如何影响移居后的社区关系的。

Keywords 

community relations, displacement, resettlement, state-led community building, Shanghai

关键词 

社区关系, 搬迁, 重新安置, 国家主导的社区建设, 上海

原文地址 https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980221129937

03

Heat, cold and climatic determinism in China’s urban epidemics

中国城市流行病中的热、冷和气候决定论

Liz PY Chee（新加坡国立大学）Dongxin Zou（新加坡国立大学）Gregory Clancey（新加坡国立大学）首次出版时间：2022/10/31｜研究论文
Abstract

‘Thermal governance’ has been discussed elsewhere as the regulation of temperature through infrastructure, technology and social and political organisation. We extend it here to include a subtle and heretofore under-recognised element of public health: the governance of recent urban epidemics by the Chinese state. The SARS epidemic of 2002–2003 in Guangzhou and more markedly the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan triggered massive emergency responses by public health authorities which differed from previous strategies in more fully activating the state health sector known in China as Chinese Medicine (zhongyi) and outside China as Traditional Chinese Medicine. With this enlistment comes a body of theory and practice which makes meteorology central to diagnostic and prescriptive processes, and reinforces as part of state discourse the long-standing Chinese cultural understanding of ‘heat’ as an internal micro-climatic element transcending temperature.

摘要 “热治理”在有些地方指的是通过基础设施、技术以及社会和政治组织调节温度。在本文中我们将其扩展到包括一个微妙的、迄今尚未得到认可的公共卫生要素：中国政府对近期对城市流行病的治理。2002-2003年广州爆发的非典疫情，以及影响更大的2019冠状病毒病，引发了公共卫生部门大规模应急反应，这些应激反应与之前的战略不同，更充分地激活了一个国家卫生领域，该领域在中国被称为“中医”，而在中国以外被称为“传统中国医学（Traditional Chinese Medicine）”。随之而来的是一系列理论和实践，使气象学成为诊断和处方开具流程的中心，并作为国家话语的一部分，加强了中国文化存在已久的对“热“的理解，把“热”看作一个超越温度的内部微气候要素。
Keywords Chinese Medicine, COVID-19, epidemics, heat, SARS
关键词 中医, 新冠肺炎, 流行病, 热, 非典型性肺炎（SARS）
原文地址 
https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980221130272

04

To move forward, we must look back: White supremacy at the base of urban studies

向前迈进，我们必须回顾：城市研究中的白人性基础

Miguel Angel Montalva Barba（美国塞勒姆州立大学）首次出版时间：2022/11/2 ｜研究论文
AbstractThe concretisation of the Chicago School solidified and inscribed in the city their obsession with the ‘Negro Problem’, race, race relations and (im)migration. Their fixation not only framed modern sociology with an emphasis on the ‘Other’ but cemented a taken-for-granted undergirding of Whiteness at its base. As a discipline, until we can name, point out, understand and highlight that form of violence, urban sociology will be deficient in understanding the city, particularly, but not limited to the US. As an alternative, I offer Du Boisian sociology, critical race theory, and global critical race and racism to aid in moving away from an unstated Whiteness. This article shows how Whiteness is at the base of the urban question and its consequences via the trajectory of the first sociologists of colour trained at the Chicago School, the work on the ghetto, underclass and the effects of such work.摘要芝加哥学派的具体化巩固了他们对“黑人问题”、种族、种族关系和移民的痴迷，并将其铭刻在了城市中。他们的执迷不仅使现代社会学强调“他者”，而且巩固了本质上被视为理所当然的白人基础。作为一门学科，城市社会学对城市的理解是不足的，尤其是但不限于美国的城市，除非我们能够命名、指出、理解和强调那种形式的暴力。作为替代，笔者提出用杜波依斯（Du Boisian）社会学、批判性种族理论、全球批判种族和种族主义，来帮助摆脱未言明的白人性。本文通过第一批接受了芝加哥学派有色培训的社会学家的轨迹—关于聚居区、下层阶级的作品以及这种作品影响，揭示了为什么白人性是城市问题的症结及其后果。Keywordsrace/ethnicity, diversity/cohesion/segregation, agglomeration/urbanisation, social justice, displacement/gentrification, critical race theory, Du Bois
关键词

民族/种族, 多元化/凝聚力/隔离, 集聚/城市化, 社会正义, 驱逐/绅士化, 批判性种族理论, 杜波依斯（Du Bois）

原文地址https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980221129150

05

The relationships between neighbourhood vacancy, probable PTSD, and health-related quality of life in flood-disaster-impacted communities

受洪灾影响的社区的邻里空置率、可能的 PTSD 和与健康相关的生活质量之间的关系

Galen Newman（美国得克萨斯农工大学）Dongying Li（美国得克萨斯农工大学）Yunmi Park（韩国梨花女子大学）首次出版时间：2022/4/30｜研究论文
Abstract

Excessive amounts of neighbourhood vacant land and abandoned structures can significantly lower community and outsider perceptions, and ultimately impact the mental health conditions of inhabitants. While depopulation, economic conditions and land use dynamics can all play a role in the amount of neighbourhood-scaled vacancies and structural abandonment, natural disaster events such as flooding can also exacerbate the ratio of vacant to non-vacant properties in cities and neighbourhoods through resultant building damage and resident relocations. Examinations on post-disaster mental health are limited, and even less is known about the extent of vacant and abandoned properties on mental health, especially within the disaster recovery context. Using survey responses (n=257) from Houston, TX, USA, from Hurricane Harvey stricken neighbourhoods, this study quantitatively examines how vacancy and abandonment are associated with mental health in disaster-effected communities. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was measured using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 and health-related quality of life was measured using the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) scale. Vacancy rates and perceived vacancy were used to predict PTSD and HRQOL in generalised mixed linear models while adjusting for covariates. Findings indicate significant relationships between higher neighbourhood vacancy and elevated risks of PTSD and impaired HRQOL. Further, while the average rate of abandonment in Houston stayed relatively flat, it increased considerably in hurricane impacted communities until two years after Harvey. The outcomes of this study suggest a link between hazard mitigation-recovery and urban regeneration planning to prevent neighbourhood deterioration and improve mental health outcomes after disaster events.

摘要
过多的街区空地和废弃建筑会显著降低社区和外界对街区的评价，并最终影响居民的心理健康状况。虽然人口减少、经济状况和土地利用动态都可能对街区层面的空置和结构性废弃的数量产生影响，但洪水等自然灾害事件也可能（通过建筑物损坏和居民搬迁）提高城市和街区中空置与非空置物业的比例。针对灾后心理健康的研究不多，而我们对空置和废弃物业对心理健康的影响程度（尤其是在灾后恢复的背景下）则更是知之甚少。本研究使用来自美国德克萨斯州休斯顿飓风哈维受灾社区的调查回复 (n=257)，定量研究了受灾社区的物业空置和废弃与心理健康之间的关系。我们使用《精神疾病诊断与统计手册第五版》(DSM-5) 中的创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 检查表测量 PTSD，使用健康相关生活质量 (HRQOL) 量表测量健康相关生活质量。我们在广义混合线性模型中使用空置率和感知空置率预测 PTSD 和 HRQOL，同时针对协变量进行调整。研究结果表明，较高的社区空置率与 PTSD 风险升高和 HRQOL 受损之间存在显著关系。此外，虽然休斯顿的平均废弃率保持相对平稳，但在受哈维影响的社区，哈维发生后的两年内废弃率显著上升。这项研究的结果表明，减灾恢复与城市更新规划之间存在关联，此等规划旨在防止街区衰落并改善人们在灾难事件后的心理健康。
Keywordsbuilt environment, health, mental health, redevelopment, regeneration, resilience
关键词

建筑环境, 健康, 心理健康, 重建, 更新, 复原力

原文地址https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980221083101

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