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shell 脚本之一键部署安装 Nginx

咸鱼不想秃头 咸鱼运维杂谈 2023-11-09

今天咸鱼给大家分享个编译安装 Nginx 的 shell 脚本


完整源码放在最后


  • 定义一个变量来存放 nginx 版本号

version=1.15.4


nginx 下载地址:http://nginx.org/download/


  • 下列函数功能则是判断当前步骤是否执行成功,并将结果输出出来



  • 创建 nginx 用户和用户组

建议用大于 1000 的 GID 和 UID 号,表示普通用户


这段代码里我做了一个条件判断:

如果在 /etc/passwd/etc/group 文件中过滤出 nginx,表示已经创建了 nginx 用户和 nginx 用户组,就不再创建了


  • 安装一些扩展包



  • 下载 Nginx 并解压缩



  • 编译安装 Nginx

这里也做了一个条件判断:

如果 /usr/local/nginx 目录存在,则说明 nginx 已经成功安装好了


  • 建立软连接

这一步看个人习惯可做可不做


  • 注册服务

将 nginx 注册成服务之后就可以使用 systemctl 控制它了

  • 内核参数优化

  • 启动 nginx 并设置开机自启动



  • 负责配置写入的函数

在上面的内核参数优化函数里面,我并没有使用 echo 将配置直接重定向到 /etc/sysctl.conf 文件里面


而是用了 add_config_tofile 函数,第一个参数是配置项,第二个参数是文件名



  • main 函数



  • 完整代码

执行结果如下:

#! /bin/bash
version=1.15.4
#判断函数是否执行成功function show_result(){ if [ "$1" -eq 0 ] then echo -e "\e[32m$2 is Success . [ OK ] \e[0m" else echo -e "\e[31m$2 is Fail . [ FAIL ] \e[0m" fi}
#创建 nginx 用户和用户组function user_create(){ local item="Create User and Group" if [ `cat /etc/{passwd,group} | grep nginx | wc -l ` -ge 2 ]; then echo -e "\e[31mUser and Group exist! \e[0m" else groupadd -g 1004 nginx && \ useradd -u 1004 -g 1004 -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx show_result $? "${item}" fi}
#下载一些拓展包function nginx_pkg(){ local item="Packages Install" yum -y install gcc openssl-devel pcre-devel zlib-devel > /dev/null 2>&1 show_result $? "${item}"}

#下载nginxfunction nginx_download(){ local item="Nginx Download" cd /usr/local/src && \ wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-${version}.tar.gz > /dev/null 2>&1 test -e /usr/local/src/nginx-${version} || tar zxf nginx-${version}.tar.gz rm -rf /usr/local/src/nginx-${version}.tar.gz show_result $? "${item}"}

#编译安装function nginx_compile(){ local item="Nginx Compile" cd /usr/local/src/nginx-${version} if [ `ls -l /usr/local/ | grep 'nginx' | wc -l` -ge 1 ]; then echo -e "\e[31mNginx exist! \e[0m" else ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx > /dev/null 2>&1 && make > /dev/null 2>&1 && make install > /dev/null 2>&1 fi show_result $? "${item}"}
#软连接建立function nginx_softlink(){ local item="Nginx Softlink" test -d /etc/nginx/ || ln -s /usr/local/nginx/conf/ /etc/nginx test -e /usr/sbin/nginx || ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/sbin/ show_result $? "${item}"}

#注册服务function nginx_service(){ local item="Nginx Service" test -e /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service || \ echo '[Unit]Description=The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy serverAfter=network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.targetWants=network-online.target[Service]Type=forkingPIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid# Nginx will fail to start if /run/nginx.pid already exists but has the wrong# SELinux context. This might happen when running `nginx -t` from the cmdline.# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1268621ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/rm-f /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pidExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -tExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginxExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reloadKillSignal=SIGQUITTimeoutStopSec=5KillMode=processPrivateTmp=true ' > /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service systemctl daemon-reload show_result $? "${item}"}

#内核优化function nginx_kernel(){ local item="Optimize Kernel Arguments" cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf.${current_time} > /dev/null 2>&1 arch_ratio=$([[ ! -z $(uname -a | grep x86_64) ]] && expr 64 / 32 || expr 32 / 32) memory_size=$(free -b| awk 'NR==2{print $2}') nf_conntrack_size=$(expr ${memory_size} / 16384 / ${arch_ratio}) #开启反向路径过滤 add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf #处理无源路由包 add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0" /etc/sysctl.conf add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0" /etc/sysctl.conf #core文件名中添加pid作为扩展名 add_config_tofile "kernel.core_uses_pid = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf #开启syn洪水攻击保护 add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf #修改消息队列长度 add_config_tofile "kernel.msgmnb = 65536" /etc/sysctl.conf add_config_tofile "kernel.msgmax = 65536" /etc/sysctl.conf #修改最大内存共享段大小bytes add_config_tofile "kernel.shmmax = 68719476736" /etc/sysctl.conf add_config_tofile "kernel.shmall = 4294967296" /etc/sysctl.conf #timewait数量默认18000 add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 600" /etc/sysctl.conf add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_sack = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 16777216" /etc/sysctl.conf add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 65536 16777216" /etc/sysctl.conf add_config_tofile "net.core.rmem_default = 8388608" /etc/sysctl.conf add_config_tofile "net.core.wmem_max = 16777216" /etc/sysctl.conf #未收到客户端确认信息连接请求的最大值 add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 262144" /etc/sysctl.conf #放弃建立连接之前发送的synack包 add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2" /etc/sysctl.conf #开启重用,允许time—wait socket 重新用语新的tcp连接 add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf #防止简单的ddos攻击 add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800" /etc/sysctl.conf #启用timewait快速收回 add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0" /etc/sysctl.conf #keeptime启用时tcp发送keepalive消息的频度,默认2h add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600" /etc/sysctl.conf #允许系统打开的端口范围 add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535" /etc/sysctl.conf #资源回收 add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0" /etc/sysctl.conf #路由转发 add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf #修改防火墙连接跟踪表大小,默认65535 add_config_tofile "net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max = ${nf_conntrack_size}" /etc/sysctl.conf add_config_tofile "net.nf_conntrack_max = ${nf_conntrack_size}" /etc/sysctl.conf #解禁ping add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_all = 0" /etc/sysctl.conf modprobe bridge sysctl -p > /dev/null 2>&1 show_result $? "${item}"}


#启动 nginxfunction nginx_start(){ local item="Nginx start" systemctl enable nginx --now > /dev/null 2>&1 show_result $? "${item}"}

#负责写入配置的函数function add_config_tofile(){ local keywords=`echo $1| awk -F "[= ]+" '{print $1}'` local SearchResult=`grep "^${keywords}" "$2"` if [ -z "${SearchResult}" ] then echo $1 >> $2 else sed -i "s/^${keywords}.*/$1/" $2 fi}#主函数function main(){ user_create nginx_pkg nginx_download nginx_compile nginx_softlink nginx_service nginx_kernel nginx_start}
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感谢阅读,喜欢作者就动动小手[一键三连],这是我写作最大的动力

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