双语 | 剑指中国？特朗普“200天计划”施政方针披露

刚刚在美国大选中爆冷获胜的特朗普已经准备大干一场了！在选战期间，这位语不惊人死不休的候选人就曾多次发表“惊世”言论，当时很多人觉得这只是“选举语言”。不过从最新消息看，特朗普在贸易领域可能打算动真格。近日，CNN披露了一份特朗普“前200天”施政方针备忘录，里面还包括了针对中国的政策。这份施政方针还有哪些玄机？快和译世界一探究竟↓↓↓

President-elect Donald Trump will begin the process of reshaping America's trade policy on Day 1 of his administration, according to a memo drafted by his transition team obtained by CNN.

近日美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）披露了一份特朗普团队起草的施政方针备忘录，显示当选总统特朗普上任第一天就要拿美国的贸易政策开刀。

The memo itself notes that plenty could change before Trump starts his presidency on January 20, 2017, calling the contents "for discussion purposes only." But the draft memo reveals what the Trump transition team has developed as a blueprint for Trump's administration based on its pre-election work and Trump's own campaign promises.

备忘录指出，施政方针仍处于内部讨论阶段，在明年1月20日特朗普就职前可能会进行大量修改。不过该草案实际上披露了特朗普过渡团队为特朗普政府所勾画的施政蓝图，呼应其预选时所做的工作以及特朗普团队的承诺。

"The Trump trade plan breaks with the globalist wings of both the Republican and Democratic parties," the document notes. "The Trump administration will reverse decades of conciliatory trade policy. New trade agreements will be negotiated that provide for the interests of US workers and companies first."

备忘录提到“特朗普贸易计划将与共和党及民主党内支持全球化的力量背道而驰，彻底改变几十年来缓和的贸易政策，协商新贸易协定时会首先考虑美国工人和公司的利益。”

The 200-day plan is built around five main principles, plus an extra plank on manufacturing jobs. First is renegotiating or withdrawing from NAFTA, second is stopping the Trans-Pacific Partnership deal, third is stopping "unfair imports," fourth is ending "unfair trade practices," and fifth is pursuing bilateral trade deals. The final focus, to "retain and return manufacturing jobs," focuses on lowering the business tax rate and eliminating regulations on businesses and restrictions on domestic energy.

“200天计划”基于五大原则，附加与制造业工作相关的政策条款：一是退出或重新谈判《北美自由贸易协定》（NAFTA），二是阻止《跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》（TPP），三是阻止“不公平的进口”，四是结束“不公平的贸易管理”，五是寻求签订双边贸易协定。最终目标是让制造业就业岗位重回美国，降低商业税率，取消商业监管和对国内能源的限制。

The plan also gives benchmarks for Days 1, 100 and 200 of the Trump administration.

该计划还为特朗普政府设定了首日、100天和200天的时间基准点。

Day 1: Begin NAFTA reform

执政首日：启动《北美自由贸易协定》改革

On Day 1, Trump would begin reforming NAFTA, including ordering the Commerce Department and International Trade Commission to begin a study on what the ramifications of withdrawing from the treaty would be, and what would be required legislatively to do so. He would also have the US Trade Representative notify Mexico and Canada that the US intends to propose some amendments to the treaty, which could include measures on currency manipulation, lumber, country of origin labeling and environmental and safety standards.

上任首日，特朗普将启动改革《北美自由贸易协定》，包括要求商务部和国际贸易委员会研究退出该协定可能导致的后果以及所需的立法程序等问题。他还会安排贸易代表向墨西哥和加拿大传递美国希望修改这一协定的意愿，涉及货币管控、木材贸易、原产国标识以及环境和安全标准等方面的措施。

A draft presidential memorandum at the end of the document that could be used to order the review of NAFTA orders the report to pay "extra consideration to the effects such a policy change may have on the middle class, manufacturing and service sector workers, and foreign direct investment into the United States."

文件最后拟定的总统备忘录可用于要求重新审视《北美自由贸易协定》，其中强调要考量这种政策转变对中产阶级、制造业与服务业从业者以及外部对美直接投资可能造成的影响。

Trump would also submit legislation on currency manipulation, review whether our trading partners engage in "harmful" practices, and would order the Committee on Foreign Investment in the US to review food security in trade and reciprocity in international corporate takeovers.

特朗普还将针对货币管控提出立法，调查贸易伙伴是否存在不正当竞争行为，并要求美国外国投资委员会审查食品贸易安全和跨国企业并购行为的互利性。

Day 100: Target China

执政100天：剑指中国

By Day 100, the plan says, Trump would continue NAFTA renegotiations, would pursue cracking down on China by seeing if they could be labeled a currency manipulator and through bilateral trade negotiations. He would also bring the intelligence community into the trade world.

执政满百日时，特朗普会继续进行《北美自由贸易协定》谈判，同时根据是否认定中国为货币操纵国以及通过双边贸易谈判决定是否对中国进行制裁。他还计划将情报体系引入贸易领域。

Day 200: Consider formal withdrawal

执政200天：考虑正式退出协定

By Day 200, Trump would be considering formally withdrawing from NAFTA and continuing to pursue bilateral trade agreements. The document notes that Congress has granted the President Trade Promotion Authority -- power for the President to get trade deals through Congress more swiftly -- until 2018 and it could be extended until 2021.

执政满200天时，特朗普可能会考虑正式退出《北美自由贸易协定》，转而寻求其他双边贸易协定。文件指出，国会已批准给予总统“贸易促进授权”，2018年之前可通过国会更快地达成贸易协定，该授权可能延长至2021年。

The memo notes caveats, including that there could be negative consequences of withdrawing from NAFTA. But the document also notes those impacts could be mitigated if the US were to pursue bilateral trade agreements with Canada and Mexico.

备忘录提到退出《北美自由贸易协定》可能导致一系列负面效应，但如果美国与加拿大、墨西哥能够达成双边贸易协定，将会抵消这些消极影响。

The Trump transition didn't respond to a request for comment about if Trump had reviewed the document and what his thoughts were.

过渡政府并未就特朗普本人是否审阅过备忘录及其态度作出回应。

英文来源：CNN

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