双语 | 如果你挂了，你的微信、QQ、微博、支付宝…怎么办？

如果有一天你离世了，那你留下的QQ、微信、微博、支付宝等如何处理？

没错，我们今天要说的是多年来备受关注的“数字资产（digital assets）”问题。

据英国《电讯报》介绍——

Digital assets include music, films or books that are held digitally, any online bank accounts or investments that you may have, as well as any social media, email or e-commerce accounts, which make up your online footprint.

数字资产包括数字形式的音乐、电影、图书，你可能会开通的网银账户或可能进行的线上投资，以及记录你在线上足迹的社交媒体、电子邮件或电商账户。

问题是，如果你去世了，你留下的数字资产该如何处理？在西方有些国家已经正式立法了，而我国法律界仍处于讨论中。北京网管办评议会法律专家朱巍表示，今年两会新颁布的《民法总则》（General Provisions of the Civil Law）明确了互联网数据权和虚拟财产权都属于民事权利的一部分，另外，数据权和虚拟财产在未来非常有可能额外进行特别法的规定。

不过，无论是否已经立法，“数字资产”中含有我们的个人信息，记录了我们的生活轨迹，承载着我们的情感，甚至关系到实际财产。那么，“未雨绸缪”，我们到底该如何处理这些网络资产呢？这里有一份来自wikiHow（wikiHow是美国的一个基于wiki的社区，功能相当于中国的百度经验）的介绍，超实用，赶紧get↓↓↓

In your estate plan, you might have left your home, vehicle, and jewelry to your friends or family. However, you might not have left your digital assets to anyone. Digital assets like your email and social media accounts tell your life story, so they are valuable to friends and family. You can protect your cyber legacy by creating a digital estate plan. Begin by identifying all digital assets and then decide who to leave them to. You can also leave instructions about what your heirs are to do with the accounts. Finally, you should meet with an estate planning lawyer to draft the required legal documents.

在你的遗产规划里，你可能会把房子、汽车和珠宝留给朋友或家人，但你可能不会把数字资产留给任何人。数字资产，如电子邮件和社交媒体账号，记录了你的人生故事，对亲友而言十分宝贵。通过制定数字遗产规划，可以对自己的网络遗产进行保护。首先要确定所有数字资产，然后决定谁来继承。你也可以留下遗嘱，告诉继承人如何处理各个账号。最后，你要约见一位遗产规划律师，起草必要的法律文件。

1. Draft a digital inventory. 起草数字资产清单。

You might have more property than you even imagined. Digital assets are easy to overlook. Consider whether you own any of the following, and list them all in a spreadsheet:

你拥有的资产可能超出你的想象。数字资产很容易被遗漏，想想你是否拥有下列事物，并把它们全部列在一张清单上。

digital photographs 数码照片

URLs  URL 网址

databases 数据库

social media accounts (Twitter, Facebook, Myspace, LinkedIn) 社交媒体账号（推特、脸书、聚友网、领英）

device backups 设备备份

virtual currency accounts (e.g., Bitcoin) 虚拟货币账户（如比特币）

financial accounts at banks or other institutions 银行或其他金融机构账户

loyalty reward programs 长期会员奖励计划

2. Identify the location of digital assets. 确定数字资产地址。

On your digital inventory, enter the URL where the asset or account is located. Also include your username/ID and password. Having this information in one place will make it easier for your heirs.

在数字资产清单上，输入资产或账户网页地址链接，以及用户名和密码。把这些信息归在一处会大大方便继承人。

3. Assign a value to each asset. 指定每项资产的价值。

Many digital assets will have a sentimental value. For example, your Twitter account will help your family remember you. However, your Twitter account probably has no monetary value. Other assets, though, could be worth quite a bit of money. Sit down and estimate how much each digital asset is worth.

许多数字资产有情感价值，例如，你的推特账号可以帮助家人记住你。不过，推特账号可能没有金钱价值。但其他资产会值不少钱。坐下来，好好估计一下每项数字资产的价值。

For example, virtual currency accounts have real, monetary value. Your successor can withdraw the money.

例如，虚拟货币账户有真实货币价值，继承人可从中取钱。

Go through each asset and assign a value. If the value is sentimental only, then write “sentimental.” Enter this information on your digital inventory.

检查每项资产并确定其价值。若只有情感价值，则标记“情感”。把这些信息都输入你的数字资产清单。

4. Pick beneficiaries carefully. 慎重挑选继承人。

If you want your cyber legacy to last indefinitely, you’ll also want heirs who are savvy when handling digital content. For example, leave your digital photo album to someone who can access it.

如果想让网络遗产永久延续，继承人最好比较精通处理数字内容。比如，把数码相册留给有访问权限的人。

Think about who you can trust to keep your privacy, even after death. Your cyber legacy includes a wealth of information about you and your habits. You’ll want to choose someone who can close your accounts without blabbing.

想想自己离世后，可以把隐私托付给谁。网络遗产包含关于你和你的习惯的大量信息，你会希望你选定的继承人在注销账号时不会到处八卦。

Enter the name of the beneficiary on your digital inventory.

在数字资产清单上输入继承人的姓名。

5. Decide what you want done with each asset. 确定希望如何安排各项资产。

On your digital inventory, state what you want done with the account. For example, you might want the beneficiary to close your email accounts. Enter this information on your digital inventory spreadsheet.

在数字资产清单上，表明你希望如何处理账号，比如，希望继承人注销电子邮件账号。在清单上输入这些信息。

Alternately, you might want the beneficiary to copy and then close your YouTube account or Twitter account. They can then share the material with others.

或者，你可能希望继承人把油管或推特账号里的内容复制下来，然后再注销账号。这样他们就可以和别人分享这些内容了。

You could also leave it to the beneficiary to decide what to do with the asset.

你也可以让继承人自行处置这些资产。

Of course, you shouldn’t include any account that prohibits another person from accessing your account. Read the terms of service for all digital accounts. Some of them prohibit another person from accessing them.

当然，不允许他人访问的账号不应包含在内。阅读所有数字账号的服务条款，有些账号不允许其他人访问。

6. Create a backup of your digital assets. 为数字资产备份。

You can make things easy on your heirs by making copies of your cyber legacy on a flash drive or disk. You can then store the flash drive or CD in a safe deposit box or in an at-home safe. In your will, you can designate who can access the box.

把网络遗产备份存在闪存盘或光盘上，会大大方便你的继承人。然后你可以把闪存盘或光盘存放在银行保管箱或家里的保险箱内。你可以在遗嘱中指明谁可以打开保险箱。

You may have to continually update your files, which can make it inconvenient. However, think about updating once a year.

你可能得持续更新文件夹，这可能会很麻烦。不过，可以考虑一年更新一次。

You might also use an online backup service, such as carbonite.com or idrive.com. However, there’s no guarantee these companies will stay in business indefinitely. Accordingly, you might be better off creating copies.

你可能也会用到在线备份服务，如carbonite.com或idrive.com。但是，也不能保证这些公司会永远存在。所以，自己备份可能更好。

英文来源：wikiHow

编译：Lyla

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