一周热词 | 量子计算原型机“九章”、“一箭双星”、珠峰新高程、2021年度流行色…
1. 量子计算原型机“九章”研制成功
2. 中国发射两颗引力波探测卫星
3. 珠穆朗玛峰新高程公布
4. 2021年度流行色公布
5. 霹雳舞列入巴黎奥运比赛项目
热词
01
量子计算原型机“九章”
quantum computer prototype "Jiuzhang"
▲ 这是光量子干涉实物图：左下方为输入光学部分，右下方为锁相光路，上方共输出100个光学模式，分别通过低损耗单模光纤与100超导单光子探测器连接。（图片来源：新华网）
A research team, including renowned Chinese quantum physicist Pan Jianwei, announced Friday a significant computing breakthrough, achieving a quantum computational advantage. The team established a quantum computer prototype, named "Jiuzhang", via which up to 76 photons were detected.
12月4日，中国知名量子物理学家潘建伟所在的研究团队宣布，中国计算领域迎来一项重大突破，实现了量子计算领域的全球领先。该团队成功研制出76个光子的量子计算原型机“九章”。
No traditional computer can perform the same task in a reasonable amount of time, and the speedup is unlikely to be overturned by classical algorithmic or hardware improvements, according to the team.
团队称，没有任何传统的计算机能在相当时间内完成同样的计算任务，此次计算提速也不会被任何经典算法或硬件的升级所颠覆。
The team also said the new prototype processes 10 billion times faster than the 53-qubit quantum computer developed by Google.
团队也表示，这一新型原型机的计算速度比谷歌公司推出的53个量子比特的计算机要快一百亿倍。
Compared with conventional computers, Jiuzhang is currently just a "champion in one single area," but its super-computing capacity has application potential in areas such as graph theory, machine learning and quantum chemistry, according to the team.
团队称，相较于传统计算机，“九章”目前仅在单一领域内问鼎，但它的超级运算能力在图论、机器学习、量子化学等领域都具备应用潜力。
（英文来源：CGTN）
热词
02
中国发射两颗引力波探测卫星
China launches two satellites for gravitational wave detection
▲ 2020年12月10日4时14分，我国在四川西昌卫星发射中心用长征十一号运载火箭，以“一箭双星”方式将引力波暴高能电磁对应体全天监测器卫星送入预定轨道。（图片来源：人民视觉）
China sent two satellites for the detection of gravitational waves into planned orbit from Xichang Satellite Launch Center in southwest China's Sichuan Province on Thursday morning.
12月10日凌晨，我国在四川西昌卫星发射中心将两颗引力波探测卫星成功送入预定轨道。
The two satellites, with the Gravitational Wave High-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor (GECAM) mission, were launched by a Long March-11 carrier rocket at 4:14 a.m. Beijing Time, according to the center.
据西昌卫星发射中心消息，此次发射的两颗卫星全称叫引力波暴高能电磁对应体全天监测器（GECAM），于北京时间10日4时14分由长征十一号运载发射升空。
The GECAM satellites will be used to monitor high-energy celestial phenomena such as gravitational wave gamma-ray bursts, high-energy radiation of fast radio bursts, special gamma-ray bursts and magnetar bursts, and to study neutron stars, black holes and other compact objects and their merger processes.
GECAM卫星将用于监测引力波伽马暴、快速射电暴高能辐射、特殊伽马暴和磁星爆发等高能天体爆发现象，推动破解黑洞、中子星等致密天体的形成和演化，以及双致密星并合之谜。
They will also detect high-energy radiation phenomena in space, such as solar flares, Earth gamma flashes and Earth electron beams, providing observation data for scientists.
卫星还将探测太阳耀斑、地球伽马闪和地球电子束等日地空间高能辐射现象，为进一步研究其物理机制提供科学观测数据。
The GECAM project is being carried out by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The Long March-11 rocket was developed by the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation.
GECAM项目是由中国科学院承担和实施，长征十一号运载火箭由中国航天科技集团有限公司研制。
Thursday's launch is the 355th mission of the Long March rocket series.
这次任务是长征系列运载火箭的第355次飞行。
（英文来源：CGTN）
热词
03
珠穆朗玛峰新高程
Qomolangma remeasured
（图片来源：视觉中国）
The new height of Mount Qomolangma, the world's highest peak, is 8,848.86 meters, according to a joint announcement by China and Nepal on Tuesday.
12月8日，中国与尼泊尔发表联合声明，宣布世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰的最新高程为8848.86米。
A Chinese survey team reached the summit of Mount Qomolangma on May 27 and remeasured the peak height. Nepali surveyors reached the top of the mountain in May 2019.
5月27日，中国珠峰高程测量登山队登顶珠峰，重新测量了峰顶高度。此前，尼泊尔测量队在2019年5月登顶珠峰进行测量。
The latest measurement was markedly more scientific, reliable, and innovative than the previous one in 2005 thanks to the application of multiple homegrown technologies, including the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), according to the Ministry of Natural Resources.
据自然资源部介绍，2020年珠峰高程测量科学性、可靠性、创新性较2005年明显提高，这得益于多项自主研发技术的应用，其中包括北斗卫星导航系统。
The measurement released in 2005 was 8,844.43 meters (rock height).
2005年，珠峰高程测量结果为峰顶岩石面海拔8,844.43米。
（英文来源：Xinhua）
热词
04
2021年度流行色
2021 Color(s) of the Year
（图片来源：人民视觉）
As 2020 nears its tumultuous end, the Pantone Color Institute has taken up its annual task of forecasting the color that will best reflect the year ahead.
2020年在动荡不安中走向尾声之时，潘通色彩研究所发布了代表2021年度趋势的色彩。
And, in a decision befitting a complex time, the color authority -- which standardizes swatches for the design industry -- has revealed not one, but two hues for its Color of the Year: the neutral Ultimate Gray and vibrant yellow Illuminating.
为了迎合这个复杂的时期，为设计行业提供标准色卡的色彩权威机构——潘通色彩研究所，本次发布了两个年度色彩：极致灰和荧光黄。
"It's a combination that speaks to the resilience, the optimism and hope and positivity that we need, as we reset, renew, reimagine and reinvent," said Laurie Pressman, vice president of the Pantone Color Institute, in a video call along with executive director, Leatrice Eiseman.
潘通色彩研究所副所长劳里•普雷斯曼在和执行董事莉雅翠丝•艾斯曼一起参加的视频通话中表示：“这个色彩组合代表了我们在重置、重启、重构和改造过程中所需要的适应力、乐观、希望和积极性。”
It's the first time an achromatic shade (gray) has been selected, and the second time two colors have been chosen. In 2016, the pale pink and blue hues, Rose Quartz and Serenity broke the norm when they were presented as a gradient.
这是潘通首次选择非彩色颜色（灰色）作为年度色，也是第二次在同一年度选出两个代表色。2016年潘通曾打破常规，选择水晶粉和宁静蓝两种色彩的渐变组合作为年度色彩。
（英文来源：CNN）
热词
05
霹雳舞列入巴黎奥运比赛项目
Breaking confirmed for Paris 2024 Olympic Games
（图片来源：视觉中国）
Skateboarding, sport climbing, surfing and breaking have been confirmed as the additional sports proposed for inclusion at the Paris Olympic Games in 2024. The decision was announced by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the Paris 2024 Organizing Committee on Monday.
12月7日，国际奥委会和巴黎奥组委宣布，滑板、攀岩、冲浪和霹雳舞四个项目列入2024年巴黎奥运会正式比赛项目。
Skateboarding, sport climbing and surfing have already been included in the Tokyo 2020 program while breaking, having proved a great success at the 2018 Youth Olympic Games in Buenos Aires, will make its senior Olympic Games debut.
其中，滑板、攀岩和冲浪已经被列入2020年东京奥运会比赛项目。在2018年阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯青年奥林匹克运动会上，霹雳舞已经有过“惊艳”亮相。霹雳舞将在2024年首次亮相奥运会。
Organizers added "this new flexibility is part of the reforms of Olympic Agenda 2020," which features the games' historic 100 percent gender equality in athlete quotas, more youth-focused events and reductions in athletes and events.
主办方表示，此次新变化是《奥林匹克2020议程》改革方案的一部分。改革的内容包括在男女参赛运动员人数上实现奥运史上的男女平等、关注年轻人的需求，以及精简办赛等。
（中英文来源：CGTN）
词汇释义来源：牛津词典、柯林斯词典等
*注：“一周热词”为译·世界微信公众号原创编译栏目，转载请按如下要求注明来源：
1. 文首及文末以不小于14号字体注明：本文转载自译·世界微信公众号【微信ID:YEEWORLD】
2. 作者栏注明“译·世界”
注意啦，好消息！在公众号对话框回复“号内搜”，获取链接，可以快捷搜索“译·世界”号内任意信息~
推荐阅读
一周热词 | 嫦娥五号登陆月球、马首归家、丁真走红、上海地铁禁止手机外放、金鸡奖揭晓
一周热词 | 马拉多纳逝世、脱贫摘帽、嫦娥五号、互联网大会...
一周热词 | RCEP、微信新表情、奥巴马自传、华为出售荣耀、流失文物回国