一周热词 | 汉文帝陵墓、国家公祭日、星巴克致歉、美国龙卷风、教育部发文

本周热词：

1. 汉文帝陵墓确认

2. 第八个国家公祭日

3. 中国将提高普惠性幼儿园覆盖率

4. 星巴克就使用过期食材致歉

5. 美国龙卷风致88人遇难

热词

01

汉文帝陵墓确认

Ancient tomb confirmed as belonging to Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty

（图源：视觉中国）

A tomb unearthed in northwest China's Shaanxi Province has been confirmed as that of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty (202 BC-220 AD), China's National Cultural Heritage Administration (NCHA) said on Tuesday.

12月14日，国家文物局通报，位于陕西省西北部的一处地下陵墓确认为汉文帝（公元前202年-公元前157年）陵墓。

The finding was announced at an online press conference in Beijing that updated on progress made at archaeological excavation sites in the provinces of Shaanxi, Gansu and Henan.

国家文物局在北京召开的线上会议上公布了这一发现，会议聚焦了陕西、甘肃、河南三个重要考古发现和研究成果。

According to the NCHA, archaeologists launched systematic excavations and investigations on the mausoleum located at Jiangcun Village in the ancient city of Xi'an in 2016. New research findings traced the tomb to that of Emperor Wen, also known as Liu Heng, who reigned between 180 BC and 157 BC during the Western Han Dynasty.

据国家文物局消息，考古工作者于2016年开始对位于西安江村的这一墓地进行系统的考古发掘和调查。最新研究发现，江村大墓为西汉汉文帝刘恒（公元前180年-公元前157年在位）的陵墓。

（英文来源：CGTN）

Vocabulary:

unearth /ʌnˈɜːθ/  v. 挖掘；发掘；使出土；（偶然或经搜寻）发现，找到

press conference  记者招待会；新闻发布会

archaeological /ˌɑːkiəˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l/  adj. [古] 考古学的；[古] 考古学上的

archaeologist /ˌɑːkɪˈɒlədʒɪsts/  n. [古]考古学家；考古工作者

excavation /ˌekskəˈveɪʃ(ə)n/  n. 挖掘，发掘

mausoleum /ˌmɔːsəˈliːəm/  陵墓

reign /reɪn/  n. 君主统治时期；任期；当政期 v. 统治；当政；为王；为君；成为最佳；成为最重要的；盛行；成为最显著的

热词

02

第八个国家公祭日

China's eighth national memorial day

▲ 12月13日，在侵华日军南京大屠杀死难同胞丛葬地（正觉寺），人们在遇难同胞纪念碑前悼念。新华社发（方东旭 摄）（图源：新华网）

In front of the darkly-dressed crowd, China's national flag flew at half-mast as the country held its eighth national memorial ceremony Monday for the victims of the Nanjing Massacre.

12月13日是第八个南京大屠杀死难者国家公祭日。在全国多地举行的纪念仪式上，群众着装肃穆，国旗下半旗致哀。

Despite the winter chill, about 3,000 people who observed epidemic prevention protocols attended the ceremony in Nanjing, in east China's Jiangsu Province, with white flowers on their lapels conveying condolences.

在江苏省南京市举办的公祭仪式上，约3000位社会各界代表不惧严寒，遵守防疫规程，胸前佩戴着寄托哀思的白花，默然肃立。

At exactly 10:01 a.m., sirens started to blare and the city came to a halt. Drivers in the downtown area stopped their cars and honked; pedestrians paused for a minute of silence in remembrance of the victims.

上午10时01分，南京全城拉响防空警报，街道上汽车停车鸣笛，行人驻足为死难者默哀一分钟。

Eleven victims of the massacre have passed away this year, reducing the total number of registered survivors to 61. 

2021年已有11位南京大屠杀幸存者去世，目前登记在册在世的幸存者仅存61人。

（英文来源：Xinhua）

Vocabulary:

half-mast   n.（表示哀悼或遇险下的）半旗；vt. 下半旗；adj. 半旗的；adv. 离旗杆一半的地方

massacre /ˈmæsəkə(r)/  n. 屠杀；残杀；（运动或比赛中的）惨败 v. 屠杀；杀戮; （在运动或比赛中）使惨败

protocol /ˈprəʊtəkɒl/  n. 礼仪；外交礼节；条约草案；议定书；（协议或条约的）附件；（数据传递的）协议，规程，规约；科学实验计划；医疗方案

lapel /ləˈpel/  n.（西服上衣或夹克上部胸前的）翻领

come to a halt 停止前进；停下来

热词

03

中国将提高普惠性幼儿园覆盖率

China to expand public interest preschool education

（图源：视觉中国）

China will expand children's access to public interest preschool education, according to an action plan for the 14th Five-Year Plan period – a national development blueprint between 2021 and 2025.

近日，中国发布一项“十四五”行动计划（2021年-2025年国家发展规划），要求提高普惠性幼儿园覆盖率。

The gross preschool enrollment rate will reach 90 percent by 2025, according to the plan jointly released by the Ministry of Education, the National Development and Reform Commission and other departments on Thursday.

12月16日，教育部、国家发展改革委等部门联合发布《“十四五”学前教育发展提升行动计划》。计划指出到2025年，全国学前毛入园率达到90%以上。

The coverage rate of government-funded kindergartens will exceed 85 percent, and the proportion of children in public kindergartens will hit 50 percent by 2025, the plan said. 

计划指出，到2025年，普惠性幼儿园覆盖率达到85%以上，公办园在园幼儿占比达到50%以上。

Meanwhile, the country will further improve the subsidy system, making sure children from poor families have access to preschool education.

同时，健全学前教育资助制度，切实保障家庭经济困难儿童接受普惠性学前教育。

The plan also noted a zero-tolerance approach to child abuse and corporal punishment in kindergartens. Those involved in such actions will be held accountable in accordance with the law, the plan said.

计划还指出，对出现虐童、体罚及变相体罚等严重师德失范行为的幼儿园，年检实行一票否决，对涉事教职工、管理者和举办者依法追究法律责任。

（英文来源：CGTN）

Vocabulary：

public interest  公共利益；公众利益

action plan  行动计划；行动方案

blueprint  n.（建筑、机器等的）蓝图；行动方案；计划蓝图；（生物细胞的）模型，型板

enrollment /ɪnˈrəʊlmənt/  n. 登记；入伍；注册；注册人数

subsidy /ˈsʌbsədi/  补贴；补助金；津贴

corporal /ˈkɔːpərəl/  n.（陆军、海军陆战队或英国空军的）下士 adj. 肉体的，身体的

in accordance with  按照；与……一致

热词

04

星巴克就使用过期食材致歉

Starbucks apologizes for using expired ingredients

▲ 2021年12月16日晚间，星巴克江苏无锡震泽路店停业整改。（图片来源：人民视觉）

U.S. coffee chain Starbucks on Monday apologised and said it would carry out inspections and staff training across all its roughly 5,400 stores in China after a state-backed newspaper said two of its outlets used expired ingredients.

12月13日，美国连锁咖啡店星巴克发布致歉声明，并表示将对约5400间中国大陆全部门店展开全面自查和员工培训。此前，中国一家官方媒体曝光了两家星巴克门店存在使用过期食材的问题。

The Beijing News newspaper, in what it described as an undercover investigation, said the incidents occurred at two stores in the eastern Chinese city of Wuxi.

《新京报》记者的卧底调查显示，涉事的两家门店位于无锡。

The Wuxi's Market Supervision Administration also said in a statement late on Monday that after conducting investigations on the two stores involved in the incident, it also carried out checks on all 82 Starbuck stories in the city, finding 15 issues in total, including employees not wearing work caps and disinfections records not being complete.

13日，无锡市市场监督管理局发布声明，称已对两家涉事门店进行重点检查，且同步排查了全市其他82家门店，发现了从业人员未戴工作帽、消毒记录不全等15处问题。

（英文来源：Reuters）

Vocabulary:

expired  /ɪkˈspaɪəd/ adj. 过期的；失效的

undercover /ˌʌndəˈkʌvə(r)/ adj. 秘密工作的；暗中做的；私下进行的

disinfection  /ˌdɪsɪnˈfekʃn/ n. 消毒，杀菌

热词

05

美国龙卷风致88人遇难

U.S. tornado fatalities reach 88

▲ 12月15日，人们聚集在美国肯塔基州梅菲尔德的灾后现场。新华社发（卡萝蜜娜·桑切斯摄）（图源：新华网）

The official death toll from the 30-odd tornadoes that attacked six central U.S. states over the weekend has increased to 88 people, with 74 in Kentucky, which was hit the hardest, while at least 109 people in that state are still unaccounted for.

12月10日夜间至11日清晨，美国中部6个州遭遇至少30场龙卷风袭击。截至13日，官方公布的遇难人数已升至88人。受灾最严重的肯塔基州已有74人遇难，另有109人失踪。

While rescue teams and volunteers combed through debris, "the unprecedented scale of devastation left behind by the storm began to come into focus," reported The Washington Post (WP). The National Weather Service said wind speeds reached an estimated 158 to 206 miles an hour at the peak of the storms.

据《华盛顿邮报》报道，随着救援队和志愿者在废墟中搜救工作的进行，“这场风暴造成的史无前例的破坏成为公众关注的焦点。”美国国家气象局估计，本次龙卷风的最高风速达到每小时158至206英里（约合时速254公里至332公里）。

During the disaster, homes and businesses had been torn from their foundations; two warehouses had collapsed, trapping and killing employees; hundreds of thousands of Americans were left without power in mid-December, forcing Kentucky and Tennessee to open shelters where people could warm themselves, according to WP.

据《华盛顿邮报》报道，龙卷风将住宅和商户从地基上拔起；两座仓库倒塌，导致员工被困遇难；数十万美国居民在寒冷的12月中旬遭遇停电，肯塔基州和田纳西州不得不开放避难所供居民取暖。

（英文来源：Xinhua）

Vocabulary：

fatality /fəˈtæləti/ n. （事故、战争、疾病等中的）死亡；（疾病的）致命性；宿命；听天由命；天数

odd /ɒd/ adj. 奇怪的；怪异的；反常的；偶然出现的；偶尔发生的；不规律的；奇形怪状的；各种各样的；不成对的；不同类的；奇数的；可得到的；可用的；大约；略多

comb through 梳理；仔细搜寻

debris /ˈdebriː/ n. 残骸；碎片；破片；残渣；垃圾；废弃物

unprecedented /ʌnˈpresɪdentɪd/ adj. 前所未有的；空前的；没有先例的

tear from 从……上撕下

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