影响50多万人！特朗普政府将再暂停一批赴美工作签证至年底
当地时间22日，美国总统特朗普签署行政令，决定将暂停部分允许外国人短期赴美工作的签证，以缓解新冠肺炎疫情对经济的影响，但此举遭到商业组织的强烈反对。
U.S. President Donald Trump will suspend the entry of certain foreign workers, a move the official said would help the economy, but which business groups strongly oppose, a senior administration official said on Monday.
具体将受到限制的签证类型包括：技术专业领域的H-1B签证、除了食品加工行业以外的大多数非农业季节性工人所持的H-2B签证、短期文化交流的J-1签证、H-1B签证持有人的配偶、以及公司想要把雇员转移至美国境内的情况等。该最新签证限制将持续到今年底。
Trump will block the entry of foreign workers on H-1B visas for skilled workers and L-1 visas for workers being transferred within a company through the end of the year, the official said. Trump will also block seasonal workers on H-2B visas, with an exception for workers in the food service industry.
The temporary visa suspension will also include work-authorized J visas, which are available for cultural exchange opportunities in the United States, and visas for the spouses of H-1B workers.
除了新的签证暂停发放外，特朗普政府还将采取几项其他措施来收紧临时工作签证规定。例如，每年按H-1B签证计划颁发的85,000个签证将发给收入最高的申请人，取代当前的抽签制；企业将更难通过H-1B签证计划来培训外籍员工在另一个国家从事相同的工作。
In addition to the new visa suspension, the Trump administration will take several other moves to tighten rules around temporary work visas.
The administration plans to rework the H-1B visa program so that the 85,000 visas available in the program each year go to the highest-paid applicants, instead of the current lottery system.
In addition, the administration plans to issue rules that make it harder for companies to use the H-1B visa program to train foreign workers to perform the same job in another country, the official said.
An exemption for medical workers in Trump's April ban on permanent residence will be narrowed to people working on coronavirus research and care, the official said.
A senior Department of Homeland Security official said the proclamation will not affect valid visa holders already in the United States.
特朗普政府一名高级官员在媒体电话吹风会上称，暂停发放部分“绿卡”和上述签证将为美国劳动者腾出52.5万个工作岗位。
The visa suspension announced on Monday will open up 525,000 jobs for U.S. workers, the senior official said on a call with reporters, saying it was geared at "getting Americans back to work as quickly as possible." The official did not explain how the administration arrived at that figure.
包括大型科技公司在内的企业和美国商务部均表示，在新冠疫情对经济造成影响后，暂停签证将扼杀经济复苏。抨击该举措的人士也指出，特朗普正利用疫情来实施其限制移民进入美国的长期目标。
Businesses including major tech companies and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce have said the visa suspension would stifle the economic recovery after the damage done by the novel coronavirus pandemic.
Critics of the measure say Trump is using the pandemic to enact his longstanding goal to limit immigration into the United States.
BSA软件联盟强烈敦促政府“避免限制雇佣高技术水平的外籍专业人士”，称“这些限制将对美国经济产生负面影响”并减少美国人的工作机会。
此前，其他很多商业组织都在游说，反对暂时的签证禁令。
BSA, The Software Alliance, whose members include Microsoft and Slack, strongly urged the administration to "refrain from restricting employment of highly-skilled foreign professionals," adding that "these restrictions will negatively impact the U.S. economy" and decrease job opportunities for Americans.
Many other business groups were lobbying against a temporary visa ban before it was announced.
移民政策是特朗普施政宣传和竞选连任的标志性议题之一。但疫情、经济停滞和美国各地抗议警察暴行的现状，使得特朗普企图成功连任的竞选诉求蒙上阴影。
Republican Trump is running for re-election on November 3 and has made his tough immigration stance a central pitch to voters, although the coronavirus, faltering economy and nationwide protests over police brutality have overshadowed that issue.
当地时间20日晚，2名特朗普竞选连任活动团队成员在俄克拉荷马州塔尔萨参加完特朗普竞选演说活动后，于22日确诊感染新冠病毒。
据团队负责人表示，所有工作人员当天都在现场戴了口罩，在2人确诊感染后，该工作团队立即采取隔离措施，并对密切接触者进行追踪。
在20日当天的竞选演说活动之前，就有6名特朗普竞选连任团队成员确诊感染新冠病毒。
Two more members of U.S. President Donald Trump's campaign staff who helped organize his election rally in Tulsa, Oklahoma, have tested positive for coronavirus, the campaign said Monday.
The two staffers, members of the advance team, attended the rally but "were wearing masks during the entire event," said campaign communications director Tim Murtaugh.
"Upon the positive tests, the campaign immediately activated established quarantine and contact tracing protocols," Murtaugh said.
Several hours before Saturday's rally, the campaign said that six members of the advance team in Tulsa had tested positive for COVID-19.
另外，美国加州州长纽森在美国当地时间6月22日的新闻发布会上表示，在过去两周内，加州新增新冠确诊病例占加州确诊总数的35%，因新冠肺炎而住院的人数增加了约16%。
35 percent of all positive coronavirus cases have occurred within just the last 14 days, Governor Gavin Newsom said during a press conference on Monday. Hospitalizations from COVID-19 also grew by 16 percent over the last two weeks.
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