疫苗竞赛升级，俄罗斯下周将对超过四万人进行大规模测试
俄罗斯第一款获得国内监管机构批准的新冠肺炎疫苗，将于下周进行大规模测试，受试者超过40000人。
这款疫苗被命名为Sputnik V，用以纪念苏联于1957年成功发射升空的世界第一颗人造卫星Sputnik。俄罗斯当局和科学家宣称该疫苗安全有效，俄当局此前进行了两个月的小型人体测试，其结果还未公布。
Mass testing of Russia's first potential COVID-19 vaccine to get domestic regulatory approval will involve more than 40,000 people and will be overseen by a foreign research body when it starts next week, backers of the project said on Thursday.
The vaccine, called "Sputnik V" in homage to the world's first satellite launched by the Soviet Union, has been hailed as safe and effective by Russian authorities and scientists following two months of small-scale human trials, the results of which have not been made public yet.
但许多西方专家对俄罗斯的新疫苗持怀疑态度，他们警告称，除非这款疫苗通过了所有得到国际认可的测试，并且所有的步骤被证明是合法合规的，否则不要接种。
俄罗斯主权财富基金主管(RDIF)负责人德米特理耶夫表示“许多国家都在对俄罗斯疫苗进行信息战。”
德米特理耶夫称，俄罗斯已经收到来自20多个国家和地区多达10亿剂疫苗的订单，疫苗数据将于本月晚些时候在学术期刊上发表。
But Western experts have been more skeptical, warning against its use until all internationally approved testing and regulatory steps have been seen to be taken and proved a success.
"A range of countries is running an information war against the Russian vaccine," Kirill Dmitriev, head of the Russian Direct Investment Fund (RDIF) that is backing the vaccine, told a briefing.
The vaccine data will be published in an academic journal later this month, he said.
Russia has received requests for up to a billion doses of the vaccine from around the world and has capacity to produce 500 million doses per year via manufacturing partnerships, he said.
中国“赛况”如何？
世卫组织上周表示，在进入III期临床试验阶段的六种疫苗中，有三种来自中国。
科兴生物研发的疫苗在巴西开展了有9000多人参与的临床实验；而由中国医药集团有限公司（下称“国药”）开发的疫苗在沙特阿拉伯进行的临床实验受试者超过15000人。目前，中国、秘鲁双方已正式签署相关临床合作协议，共同推动国药集团中国生物新冠灭活疫苗国际临床试验III期进程。
国药集团董事长刘敬桢表示，该公司研发生产的新冠肺炎疫苗价格预计在几百块钱一针，注射两针的价格不会超过一千元。
The WHO last week confirmed six vaccine candidates in late-stage trials. Three of them are from China, developed by Sinopharm, Sinovac, and CanSino Biologics.
These developers have all received approval for a phase 3 trial of their vaccine candidates. Sinovac has tested its vaccine in Brazil on more than 9,000 participants. Sinopharm has started its late-stage testing in the United Arab Emirates, with 15,000 volunteers. It has built the world's largest production facility for COVID-19 vaccines in Beijing, which has the capacity to produce 120 million doses a year, while its plant in Wuhan can make another 100 million.
The head of China's state-owned Sinopharm said its inactivated COVID-19 vaccine candidates will cost less than 1,000 yuan (145 U.S. dollars) for two doses, and a couple of hundred yuan for one dose.
同时，由中国疫苗生产公司康希诺与中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院联合研发的一款新冠肺炎疫苗将开始于包括俄罗斯在内的多个国家展开III期临床试验。
8月16日，康希诺公司宣布，中国监管部门已经批准了该公司的新冠疫苗专利申请，这是目前为止中国授予的第一项也是唯一一项新冠疫苗专利。康希诺公司表示，专利确认了该公司与军事医学研究院合作开发的主要疫苗Ad5-nCoV的安全性和有效性。
Meanwhile, CanSino is set to begin its phase 3 trials in several countries, including Russia.
The vaccine was granted the first invention patent by Chinese authorities on Sunday, which the company said further confirmed the vaccine's efficacy and safety and convincingly demonstrated the ownership of its intellectual property rights.