I'm Robert Lawrence Kuhn and here's what I'm watching: 我是罗伯特·劳伦斯·库恩，以下是我正在关注的: Xi said that he has spent more energy on poverty alleviation than on anything else – a remarkable statement from a head of state. 习近平表示，他在脱贫攻坚工作中投入的精力比其他任何事情都多 –这是很不同寻常的国家领导人声明。 How is poverty alleviation being implemented，especially at the grassroots, where it counts? 脱贫攻坚工作如何落实,特别是在基层如何落实至关重要。 Key is the CPC, the Party, mobilizing its organizational power and recruiting CPC cadres at all levels, especially at lower levels, close to China's poor. 关键是中国共产党，动员其组织力量吸纳各级党员干部，特别是在贴近贫困人口的基层。 In fact, Xi has made poverty alleviation a top priority for CPC members, whose careers now prosper or falter based on poverty-alleviation results.事实上，习近平已经把脱贫攻坚工作作为中共党员工作的首要任务，是否能在脱贫攻坚工作上做出成绩已成为衡量党员干部政绩的标准。 I thought I knew a good deal about China, but until I spent weeks among China's poor people and poor counties, I had no idea how targeted poverty alleviation worked. 我以为我对中国很了解，但在我花了几周时间走访了中国的贫困户和贫困县之后，我才知道精准扶贫是如何实施的。 I witnessed five methods of poverty alleviation in action: 我了解到五种脱贫的方法： Creating a small industry (usually agriculture); creating a sustainable micro-business; relocating, moving whole villages from remote areas; education and training; ecological compensation for those living in ecologically vulnerable areas; and social security, medical subsidies, and direct payments to those who cannot work. 创办小型产业（通常是农业）；创建可持续发展的小微型企业；移民搬迁，将整个村庄搬离偏远地区；发展教育和培训；提供生态补偿给生活在生态脆弱地区的人们；还有直接为无劳动能力者支付社会保障，医疗补贴。 Three things surprised me: 三件事令我惊讶： 1)Every poor household, tens of millions, has its own dossier, listing every member; it is updated monthly and information is sent to Beijing regularly; 第一，数以千万计的贫困家庭，都有自己的档案，每个家庭成员都记录在案；这些信息每月更新一次并会定期汇总到北京； 2)Five levels of Party secretaries are directly involved in coordinating and implementing poverty alleviation – province, city, county, township, village. 第二，省、市、县、乡、村五级书记直接参与扶贫攻坚工作的协调和落实。 3)Young Party officials work directly with poor families and they live for around two years in poor villages. 第三，年轻的党员干部直接与贫困户打交道，他们要在贫困村驻扎两年左右。 Moreover, with so much funding in so many places, I'd assumed corruption would be a problem – but I am impressed how public the government has been in disclosing its enormity – reporting, for 2018, 131,000 cases of corruption and improper workstyles in poverty alleviation.此外，大量资金投入到贫困地区，我曾认为腐败会成为一个问题，但政府的开诚布公令我印象深刻。根据官方公布，2018年共查处了扶贫领域腐败和作风问题13.1万件。 No one should use poverty alleviation as an excuse to do whatever they want. 脱贫攻坚不应该成为任何人为所欲为的借口。 I'm keeping watch. I'm Robert Lawrence Kuhn.我将持续观察。我是罗伯特·劳伦斯·库恩。