决策者丨中国是全球创新版图中重要的一极

Editor's note: Decision Makers is a global platform for decision makers to share their insights on events shaping today's world. Liu Hua is the Director of World Intellectual Property Organization's Office in China. The article reflects the author's opinions and not necessarily the views of CGTN.

编者按：《决策者》是全球决策制定者分享对国际事务见解的平台。刘华是世界知识产权组织中国办事处主任。作者观点不代表CGTN立场。

中国是全球创新版图中重要的一极，奠定了其作为全球创新领导者的地位。10年前，亚洲知识产权申请量全球占比为50%，2021年占比达70%。其中，中国创新表现尤为突出。

As an important pole in the global innovation landscape, China has established itself as a leader in global innovation. Ten years ago, Asia accounted for 50 percent of global intellectual property (IP) filings, In 2021, the figure reached 70 percent, to which innovation from China is a particularly significant contributor. 

根据2021年世界知识产权组织全球创新指数报告，中国在全球创新指数中的排名已升至第12名，较去年上升了两位，仍然是中等收入经济体当中唯一进入前15的国家。知识产权组织总干事邓鸿森先生认为，中国正在敲响前10的大门。2020年中国人本国专利、商标、外观设计申请量分别占到全球总申请量的45.7%，54%和55%。

According to the Global Innovation Index (GII) 2021, a flagship report of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), China has risen to the 12th place in the GII, up two places from last year, and is still the only middle-income economy in the GII Top 15. WIPO Director General Daren Tang believes that China is knocking on the door of the GII Top 10. In 2020, Chinese domestic applications accounted for 45.7 percent, 54 percent and 55 percent of global patent, trademark and industrial design filings, respectively. 

2021年中国在产权组织专利合作条约（PCT）、马德里体系和海牙体系中，分别位列第一，第三和第十。同年，中国共递交了69,540件PCT申请，同比增长0.9%，仍是PCT的最大用户，共有13家中国企业进入了全球PCT国际专利申请人排行榜前50位。其中，中国电信巨头华为技术有限公司以6,952件已公布的PCT申请成为2021年的最大申请人，连续五年独占鳌头。另外位列前十申请人榜单的两家中国企业分别是中国广东欧柏移动通信有限公司和京东方科技集团股份有限公司。

In 2021, China ranked first, third and 10th respectively in the WIPO-administered Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT), the Madrid System and the Hague System. In the same year, China filed a total of 69,540 PCT applications, up 0.9 percent year over year, and remained the largest user of the PCT global service, with a total of 13 Chinese companies in the top 50 international PCT filers. Among them, Chinese telecoms giant Huawei was the largest filer in 2021 with 6,952 published PCT applications, topping the list for five consecutive years. The other two Chinese companies in the list of top 10 filers were Guangdong OPPO Mobile Telecommunications and BOE Technology. 

中国拥有19个顶级科技集群，其中，深圳—香港—广州排名全球第2位，北京排名第3，上海排名第8，南京排名第18、杭州排名第21，排名都逐年上升，且上升幅度明显。在排名前50的教育机构排名中，中国高校占据了19席，为上榜高校最多的国家。上榜前十所高校中，有四所来自中国，他们分別是浙江大学（排名第二）、清华大学（排名第四）、华南理工大学（排名第七）和苏州大学（排名第九）。

China had 19 top science and technology clusters worldwide, with Shenzhen, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Guangzhou taking the second place, followed by Beijing (third), Shanghai (eighth), Nanjing (18th) and Hangzhou (21st), all rising in rank year on year and by significant margins. In the ranking of top 50 educational institutions, China boasted the largest number of universities on the list, with Chinese universities taking 19 seats. Four of the top 10 universities on the list are from China: Zhejiang University (second), Tsinghua University (fourth), South China University of Technology (seventh) and Soochow University (nineth).

邓鸿森指出，中国在40年的时间里，建立了现代高效的知识产权制度，极大促进了中国所需的经济进步和社会发展。中国在创新创造和知识产权领域所取得的巨大成就，归功于中国持之以恒的政策制定，执行和评估，归功于改革开放，归功于不断完善的现代知识产权制度。

Tang pointed out that in just a few short decades, China had built a highly effective and modern IP system that had helped drive China's socioeconomic and social development. China's remarkable achievements in the field of innovation and intellectual property can be attributed to China's policy planning, implementation and evaluation, adherence and determination to deepening reform and opening up, and strong IP ecosystem. 

产权组织首席经济学家卡斯腾•芬克先生也认为中国创新经济的崛起不再是一两个指标的上升，而是表现在创新生态体系的所有方向上，并指出，越来越多的中国跨国公司凭借其技术优势，在全球开展竞争。

WIPO Chief Economist Carsten Fink noted that the rise of China's innovation economy was not just an artifact of one or two indicators; it was something that we saw in all pillars of the innovation ecosystem, with more and more Chinese multinational companies competing globally based on their technological edge.

知识产权助力中国创新型国家建设

IPs help China build an innovation-driven economy

当前，百年未有之大变局与全球疫情大流行交织重叠，对世界经济发展格局带来了巨大的冲击，给人类的生产生活也带来了深刻的改变。世界充满不确定性。但可以肯定的是，无论是克服疫情重建经济，还是促进可持续发展，共同应对全球性挑战，都离不开科技创新的支持和推动，离不开知识产权的保护与应用。

At present, the juxtaposition between the great changes unseen in a century and the pandemic has brought about a huge impact on the world economic development paradigm and profound changes to work and life of mankind. The world is full of uncertainties. But what is certain is that whether it is overcoming the pandemic to rebuild the economy or promoting sustainable development to jointly address global challenges, the support and impetus from science and technology innovation, as well as IP protection and application, are indispensable. 

知识产权的作用日益突出。当前，以专利、商标、外观设计等知识产权为核心的全球无形资产价值已达到65万亿，占全球总资产的一半以上，超过有形资产，也超过了美国和中国经济体量的总和。过去十年，全球专利，商标，外观设计申请量分别增长了64%，196%和43%，这充分反映出企业和经济体对于创新创造的重视，反映出企业和经济体利用知识产权保护创新成果意识的不断提升。

The role of IP is becoming increasingly prominent. Currently, the value of global intangible assets, mainly represented by patents, trademarks, designs and other intellectual properties, has reached $65.7 trillion, accounting for over half of total global assets, more than tangible assets and more than the combined economic size of the U.S. and China. Over the past decade, global patent, trademark and design filings have increased by 64 percent, 196 percent and 43 percent, respectively, reflecting the importance that companies and economies place on innovation and the growing awareness that companies and economies have of using IP to protect their innovations.

如何在新一轮科技革命和产业革命中脱颖而出，占据制高点，保持领导者地位，知识产权保护和应用是关键。我们欣喜地看到，创新已成为推动中国经济发展的核心力量，知识产权在促进产业升级，创造就业，扩大投资，提高商业竞争力，帮助绿色经济复苏等方面正扮演着越来越重要的角色。

IP protection and application are essential for a country to stand out in the new round of technological and industrial revolutions and take the high ground and maintain a leadership position. We are pleased to see that innovation has become a key force driving China's economic development and that IP is playing an increasingly important role in promoting industrial upgrading, creating jobs, expanding investment, improving business competitiveness and helping the recovery of green economy. 

中国在这一方面正在进行一系列积极有益的努力。健全知识产权保护运用体制，已被列入十四五规划；《知识产权强国建设纲要2021至2035》提出了建设中国特色，世界水平的知识产权强国的总体目标；《十四五国家知识产权保护和运用规划》对中国未来五年的知识产权工作进行了全面部署，提出了到2025年每万人高价值发明专利拥有量达到12件的指标。

China is taking a series of positive and meaningful steps in this regard. Building a sound system for IP protection and application has been included in the 14th Five-Year Plan. The Outline for Building a Country Strong on IPR (2021-2035) sets out the overall goal of building a world-class intellectual property power with Chinese characteristics; and the 14th Five-Year National Plan for the Intellectual Property Protection and Application makes comprehensive plans for China’s IP work in the next five years, setting a target of 12 high-value invention patents per 10,000 people by 2025. 

同时，在今年冬奥会期间，中国向来华出席北京冬奥会开幕式的产权组织总干事邓鸿森先生同时提交了加入海牙协定和批准马拉喀什条约的两个外交文书，充分显示了中国参与全球知识产权体系建设的积极姿态。

Meanwhile, during the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, China presented the instruments for accession to the Hague System and for the ratification of the Marrakesh Treaty to Tang, who came to China to attend the opening ceremony of the sports pageant, fully demonstrating China's proactive stance in participating in the global IPR system.

产权组织对中国创新创造和知识产权事业的发展充满信心，愿意不断加强与中国的协调与合作，提高知识产权组织全球服务体系在华的申请量，紧密连接中国的媒体、市场以及官学商民等各利益攸关方，走进新技术，新领军人物和新的一代，继续为中国用户提供更加紧密，更加及时和更加高效的利用，知识产权为中国科技创新赋能，助力中国知识产权强国建设。

WIPO is confident in China's innovation and IP development, and is willing to continuously strengthen coordination and cooperation with China; increase the number of filings from China through WIPO's global service system; closely connect with China's media, market and various stakeholders such as the government, academia, business and the public; get closer to new technologies, new leaders and a new generation of innovators; and continue to provide Chinese users with easier, more timely and more efficient access to the IP system to empower China's technological innovation and help it build a country with strong intellectual properties.

博鳌亚洲论坛引领亚洲新经济和知识产权新赛道建设

BFA leads the way in building a new IP ecosystem

博鳌亚洲论坛年会是每年春季在中国国内举办的重大外交活动。作为立足亚洲、面向世界的高端国际对话平台，博鳌亚洲论坛致力于凝聚共识，变革创新，促进亚洲和全球的发展与繁荣。

The Boao Forum for Asia (BFA) Annual Conference is a major diplomatic event held in China every spring. As a high-end international dialogue platform based in Asia and open to the world, BFA is committed to consensus building, transformation and innovation for the development and prosperity of Asia and the world.

在百年变局与世纪疫情的大背景下，建立普惠均衡、包容可持续的全球秩序和知识产权生态体系既是全球化的需要，也是产权组织工作的方向。

Against the backdrop of changes unseen in a century and the unprecedented pandemic, the establishment of a balanced, inclusive and sustainable global order and IP ecosystem for the benefit of all countries and all stakeholders is both a demand raised by globalization and a goal WIPO works toward. 

根据2021全球创新指数报告，全球创新中心正在东移。东亚和东南亚的创新表现在过去十年中最具活力，其中韩国、新加坡、中国、日本和中国香港这五个经济体成为世界创新领导者。

According to the GII 2021, there is a gradual eastward shift in the cluster of innovation. Innovation performance in East and Southeast Asia has been the most vibrant over the past decade, with South Korea, Singapore, China, Japan and China's Hong Kong Special Administative Region Remerging as world leaders in innovation. 

根据今年2月10日世界知识产权组织发布的2021年专利、商标和工业品外观设计国际注册成果，在全球大流行病期间，甚至在2020年全球经济增长下滑期间，知识产权申请活动量仍实现了增长。2021年产权组织的专利国际申请量增长了0.9%，达到277,500件申请，这是有史以来的最高数量。其中，亚洲作为专利国际申请的最大来源地体现了其领先地位，占2021年申请总量的54.1%，这充分显示了亚洲创新生态系统的活力。

According to the 2021 international registration statistics of patents, trademarks and industrial designs published by the WIPO on February 10 this year, IP filing activity has grown during the global pandemic, even during the 2020 drop in worldwide economic growth. WIPO's international patent filings in 2021 increased by 0.9 percent to 277,500 filings, reaching all-time high. Of these, Asia demonstrated its leadership as the largest source of international patent applications, accounting for 54.1 percent of the total filings in 2021. This fully showcases the dynamism of the Asian innovation ecosystem.

自2021年开始，产权组织与博鳌亚洲论坛合作，将知识产权纳入博鳌亚洲论坛的永久议题之中。今年，产权组织将继续与博鳌亚洲论坛合作，举办亚洲知识产权：趋势与机遇圆桌会议。来自世界知识产权组织、亚洲政界领导人、商界领军人物和专家学者将齐聚一堂，探讨国际知识产权制度建设中的亚洲趋势，协助企业了解在应对新技术、新业态、新趋势的过程中将面临的知识产权机遇与风险，以及如何通过跨区域知识产权保护加强合作、提高核心竞争力等问题。

Starting in 2021, WIPO has partnered with the BFA to include intellectual property as a permanent item on BFA’s agenda. This year, WIPO will continue its collaboration with the BFA by organizing a roundtable named "IP in Asia: Trends and Opportunities." The roundtable will bring together WIPO officials, political and business leaders, experts and scholars in Asia to discuss Asian trends in the development of the international IP system, assist enterprises in understanding the IP opportunities and risks that they will face in dealing with new technologies, new business models and new trends, and how to strengthen cooperation and enhance core competitiveness through cross-regional IP protection. 

亚洲博鳌论坛旨在引领亚洲新经济和知识产权新赛道的建设，对于推动完善全球经济治理体系、世界经济恢复、构建全球发展新格局也都具有重要意义。

The BAF aims to lead the way in building a new Asian economy and a new IP ecosystem, and is also important in promoting the improvement of the global economic governance system, the recovery of the world economy and the construction of a new global development paradigm.

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