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Public Comments Requested on Six Bills
日前，未成年人保护法修订草案、预防未成年人犯罪法修订草案、民法典婚姻家庭编草案三次审议稿、社区矫正法草案二次审议稿、森林法修订草案二次审议稿、档案法修订草案等6部法律草案在中国人大网公布，开始公开征求社会各界意见。征求意见截至今年11月29日。
Lately, the Law on the Protection of Minors (Revised Draft), the Law on the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency (Revised Draft), the Marriage and Family Part of Civil Code (Draft for Third Deliberation), the Community Correction Law (Draft for Second Deliberation), the Forest Law (Revised Draft for Second Deliberation), and the Archives Law (Revised Draft) were published on www.npc.gov.cn, and comments may be submitted until November 29, 2019.
未成年人保护法修订草案对社会广泛关注的未成年人家庭监护、校园安全、人身权益受侵害、网络沉迷等问题作出积极回应，将部分被实践证明符合我国国情且行之有效的做法和经验写入草案。预防未成年人犯罪法修订草案强化家庭监护责任，充实学校管教责任，夯实国家机关保护责任，将未成年人的偏常行为分为不良行为、严重不良行为和犯罪行为三个等级，并分别规定了相应的干预或矫治措施。民法典婚姻家庭编草案三次审议稿增加了有关树立优良家风、弘扬家庭美德的规定；进一步保障被收养人合法权益；明确婚姻无效或者被撤销的，无过错方有权请求损害赔偿。档案法修订草案针对当前档案事业发展面临的新形势、新任务，推进档案数字资源的融通共享。社区矫正法草案二次审议稿、森林法修订草案二次审议稿也分别对一审稿作出了修改和完善。
The Law on the Protection of Minors (Revised Draft) incorporates some of the effective practices and experiences proven to be in line with China’s national conditions in practice into the Draft to respond positively to such widely concerned issues as family guardianship of minors, campus safety, infringement on personal rights and interests, and Internet addiction. The Law on the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency (Revised Draft) enhances the duties of family guardianship and school discipline, consolidates the protection function of state organs, and classifies the deviant behaviors of minors into such three levels as misbehaviors, serious misbehaviors, and criminal behaviors with corresponding intervention or corrective measures respectively prescribed. The Marriage and Family Part of Civil Code (Draft for Third Deliberation) adds provisions that the families should establish good family traditions and carry forward family virtues; further safeguards the legitimate rights and interests of the adoptees; and clarifies that where a marriage is invalidated or revoked, the innocent party should have the right to claim damages. The Archives Law (Revised Draft) promotes the integration and sharing of digital archive resources in view of new situations and new tasks in the development of the current archives industry. In addition, the Community Correction Law (Draft for Second Deliberation) and the Forest Law (Revised Draft for Second Deliberation) revise and improve the first deliberation draft.
New Regulation on the Implementation of the Food Safety Law Released
近日，国务院公布修订后的《中华人民共和国食品安全法实施条例》，自2019年12月1日起施行。Lately, the State Council issued the revised Regulation on the Implementation of the Food Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China, effective from December 1, 2019.
《条例》强化了食品安全监管，要求县级以上人民政府建立统一权威的监管体制，加强监管能力建设，补充规定了随机监督检查、异地监督检查等监管手段，完善举报奖励制度，并建立严重违法生产经营者黑名单制度和失信联合惩戒机制。完善了食品安全风险监测、食品安全标准等基础性制度，强化食品安全风险监测结果的运用，规范食品安全地方标准的制定，明确企业标准的备案范围，切实提高食品安全工作的科学性。进一步落实了生产经营者的食品安全主体责任，细化企业主要负责人的责任，规范食品的贮存、运输，禁止对食品进行虚假宣传，并完善了特殊食品的管理制度。完善了食品安全违法行为的法律责任，规定对存在故意实施违法行为等情形单位的法定代表人、主要负责人、直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处以罚款，并对新增的义务性规定相应设定严格的法律责任。
The Regulation enhances the food safety supervision by requiring governments above the county level to establish a uniform and authoritative supervision mechanism for enhanced regulatory capacity, making supplementary provisions on such supervisory means as random supervisory inspection, and trans-regional supervisory inspection, improving reward rules for tip-offs, and establishing a blacklist system for seriously illegal producers and business operators and a joint dishonesty punishment mechanism. It also refines the fundamental rules for food safety risk monitoring and food safety standards by strengthening the application of risk monitoring results, regulating the formulation of local standards for food safety, and clarifying the scope of recordation of enterprise standards, so as to make the food safety work more scientific. To further implement the primary responsibilities of producers and business operators in food safety, the duties of primary persons in charge of enterprises are detailed, the food storage and transportation are standardized, the false publicity of food is prohibited, and the management system for the special food is improved. The legal liabilities for food safety violations are improved, providing that fines should be imposed on legal representatives, primary persons in charge, directly liable persons in charge, and other directly liable persons of enterprises that deliberately commit illegal acts, and the strict legal liabilities are set for newly-added compulsory provisions.
Public Comments Requested on the Regulation for Implementation of the Foreign Investment Law
2019年11月1日，司法部、商务部、发展改革委起草的《中华人民共和国外商投资法实施条例（征求意见稿）》公布，向社会公开征求意见，意见反馈截止到2019年12月1日。
On November 1, 2019, the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Commerce, and the National Development and Reform Commission jointly issued the Regulation for the Implementation of the Foreign Investment Law of the People's Republic of China (Exposure Draft), and comments may be submitted until December 1, 2019.
征求意见稿共5章、45条，主要就外商投资的基本问题，投资促进，投资保护，投资管理，现有外商投资企业组织形式等的过渡期安排，港澳台投资的法律适用等作了规定。
With a total of 45 articles in five chapters, the Draft covers, among others, basic issues on foreign investment, investment promotion, investment protection, investment management, transitional arrangements for the organizational forms of existing foreign-funded enterprises, and application of law to investment from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.
根据征求意见稿，国家拟建立知识产权侵权惩罚性赔偿制度，强化对外商知识产权的保护力度；外国投资者在中国境内的出资、利润、资本收益、资产处置所得、知识产权许可使用费、依法获得的补偿或赔偿、清算所得等，可以依法以人民币或外汇自由汇入、汇出，任何单位和个人不得违法对币种、数额及汇入汇出的频次等进行限制；中国的自然人、法人或者其他组织在中国境外设立的全资企业在中国境内投资的，可以不受外商投资准入负面清单规定的有关准入特别管理措施的限制；除法律、法规另有规定外，外商投资企业有权自主决定参加或者退出商会、协会等社会组织，任何单位和个人不得干预。香港特别行政区、澳门特别行政区投资者在内地投资，参照外商投资法和本条例执行；台湾地区投资者在大陆投资，适用台湾同胞保护法及其实施细则的规定，未规定的事项参照外商投资法和本条例执行。
According to the Exposure Draft, the state is to establish a punitive compensation system for infringement of intellectual property rights to increasingly protect the foreign intellectual property rights. A foreign investor may, according to the law, freely transfer into or out of China, in Renminbi or a foreign currency, its contributions made, profits, capital gains, proceeds from disposition of assets, and royalties of intellectual property rights derived from, indemnity or compensation lawfully acquired, and income from liquidation, among others, within the territory of China, and no entity or individual may illegally restrict the currency, amount and frequency in remittance. Where a wholly-owned enterprise established outside the territory of China by a Chinese natural person, legal person or other organization invests within China, it may not be subject to the special administrative measure for access as specified in the foreign investment access negative list. Unless otherwise stipulated by laws and regulations, a foreign-funded enterprise shall have the right to decide to join in or withdraw from a chamber of commerce, association, or any other social organization on its own initiative, and no entity or individual may intervene. Where an investor from the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region or the Macao Special Administrative Region invests in the Mainland, the Foreign Investment Law and this Regulation shall apply, mutatis mutandis, and where an investor from Taiwan Region invests in the Mainland, the Law on the Protection of Investments by Taiwan Compatriots and the Detailed Rules for the Implementation thereof shall apply, and the matters not involved shall be subject to the Foreign Investment Law and this Regulation.
4.《关于敦促涉黑涉恶在逃人员投案自首的通告》发布
Announcement on Urging Criminal Syndicate-Related Fugitives to Surrender Themselves Issued
2019年11月4日，最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部和司法部联合发布了《关于敦促涉黑涉恶在逃人员投案自首的通告》，自发布之日起施行。
On November 4, 2019, the Supreme People’s Court, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security, and the Ministry of Justice jointly issued the Announcement on Urging Criminal Syndicate-Related Fugitives to Surrender Themselves, effective from the date of issuance.
《通告》明确，在逃人员自本通告发布之日起至2020年1月31日前自动投案，如实供述自己的罪行的，是自首。可以依法从轻或者减轻处罚；犯罪情节较轻的，可以依法免除处罚。
According to the Announcement, it is an act of voluntary surrender for fugitives to surrender themselves and truthfully confess to their crimes from the date of issuance of this Announcement to January 31, 2020. Therefore, they may be given a lighter or mitigated penalty in accordance with the law; and those committing a relatively minor crime may be exempted from punishment in accordance with the law.
《通告》指出5种可视为自动投案的情形：一是由于客观原因，本人不能在规定期限内到司法机关投案，委托他人代为投案的。二是犯罪后逃跑，在被通缉、追捕过程中，主动投案的。三是经查实确已准备去投案，或者正在投案途中，被公安机关抓捕的。四是经亲友规劝、陪同投案。五是亲友主动报案后，将犯罪嫌疑人送去投案的。
The Announcement provides for five circumstances where fugitives may be deemed to have voluntarily surrendered themselves: (1) They request another person to surrender them on their behalf with a failure to surrender themselves within the prescribed time limit due to objective reasons; (2) They voluntarily surrender themselves in the process of being wanted or pursued for capture after their escape; (3) It is verified to be true upon investigation that they have prepared to surrender themselves, or are on the way to surrender themselves when being arrested by the police; (4) They surrender themselves with their relatives or friends as company upon persuasion; and (5)The relatives or friends voluntarily turn fugitives in and then send them to the police.
《通告》同时还对包庇、窝藏在逃人员以及威胁、报复举报人、控告人等犯罪行为的处理作出规定。
Meanwhile, the Announcement also states the handling of criminal acts such as covering up or harboring fugitives and threatening or retaliating against informers or accusers.
来源 | 北大法宝英文编辑组（Mani）
排版丨孙静
审核丨张轶辰、张大雷
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