“无尽前沿”到“一揽子立法”:外部对抗与内力提升在科技竞争中的双重加码
5月27日,美国参议院以68:30通过《2021年美国创新和竞争法》,旨在加强技术领域的资金投入以便与中国展开科技竞争。这项1445页的法案囊括了之前备受各界关注的《无尽前沿法案》、《2021年战略竞争法案》等。法案将授权约1900亿美元用于增强美国科技,并拨款540亿美元用于半导体、微芯片和电子通信设备生产。
以《2021年美国创新和竞争法》颁布为代表的一系列政策手段成为目前美国可见的对华战略竞争的一部分。此次美国重新加强国家科研机制的制度性,意图有效支持本国技术研发及应用、释放创新活力;凝聚两党共识,加强与中国的抗衡。但法案变动引发的不和谐声音也暴露了科技竞争加剧下美国国内经济支持的部分短板。
拨款计划变动大,资金分配引争议
涉华内容增加,中美学术合作机会尽失?
美科技行业存在内生性问题,
针对中国能有效提升竞争力?
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