美国进一步将伊朗从全球金融体系中孤立出去

伊朗最高领导人哈梅内伊（中）本月在伊斯兰革命卫队军官的陪同下参观德黑兰一所军事学校。 图片来源：LEADER OFFICE HANDOUT/SHUTTERSTOCK

The Trump administration moved on Friday to further isolate Iran from the global financial system by declaring the country a “jurisdiction of primary money laundering concern.”

特朗普政府上周五将伊朗列为“面对洗钱问题主要关切的司法管辖区”，进一步将伊朗从全球金融体系中孤立出去。

The U.S. Treasury and State Departments also launched a new program to address concerns that its “maximum pressure” sanctions campaign is preventing Iran from receiving humanitarian aid even as the economy collapses.

美国财政部和国务院还启动了一项新计划，以应对人们对其“极限施压”制裁行动正阻止伊朗在经济崩溃之际获得人道主义援助的担忧。

图片来源：美国财政部网站

The latest U.S. action forces U.S. banks to scour their foreign business relationships for any transactions with Iran. Requiring deeper due diligence raises the risk that any remaining foreign banks, firms and individuals caught doing business with Iran will face severe sanctions themselves, including being cut off from the world’s most important economy.

美国的最新行动将迫使美国的银行需要仔细检查其外国业务关系，排查与伊朗的任何交易。要求进行更深入尽职调查加大了这样一种风险：任何被发现与伊朗开展业务的外国银行、公司和个人都将面临严厉的制裁，包括被切断与世界最重要经济体美国的联系。

The new money-laundering designation is based on U.S. accusations that Iran’s government, including through its central bank, state-controlled companies and banks, and its elite military unit, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, is funneling money to U.S.-designated terror groups.

此举基于美国的指控，即伊朗政府指通过其央行、国有企业、银行及精锐军事组织伊斯兰革命卫队(Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps)，向被美国列为恐怖组织的机构输送资金。

“Iran is a jurisdiction of primary money laundering concern that deliberately ensures that there is no transparency in their economy so they can export terrorism around the world,” Treasury Secretary Mnuchin said.

美国财政部长姆努钦(Steven Mnuchin)表示：“伊朗是一个面对洗钱问题主要关切的司法管辖区，它故意确保本国经济不透明，以便向全世界输出恐怖主义。”

The U.S.’s European allies and other foreign governments opposed to the Trump administration’s Iran policy have complained the action was also preventing exports of medical supplies and other humanitarian aid allowed by the U.S. An effort by European governments to facilitate humanitarian trade known as Instex failed because businesses feared their activities could trigger U.S. penalties.

美国的欧洲盟友和其他反对特朗普政府对伊朗政策的外国政府已抱怨称，此举也阻止了美国允许的医疗用品和其他人道主义援助进入伊朗。欧洲政府促进人道主义贸易机制Instex的努力失败，因为企业担心它们的活动可能引发美国的惩罚。

图片来源：FINCEN网站

The new policy aims to address those concerns by requiring any participants to provide the U.S. government details of all the transactions and to seize any assets found to violate sanctions against banned trade.

新政策旨在应对这些担忧，要求任何参与者向美国政府提供所有交易的细节，并没收任何违反贸易制裁的资产。

Brian Hook, the State Department’s special envoy to Iran, said the new humanitarian channel “will make it easier for foreign governments, financial institutions, and private companies to engage in legitimate humanitarian trade on behalf of the Iranian people while reducing the risk that money ends up in the wrong hands.”

美国国务院伊朗问题特别代表Brian Hook表示，新的人道主义渠道“将使外国政府、金融机构和私营公司更容易为伊朗人民从事合法的人道主义贸易，同时降低资金落入不法之徒手中的风险”。

Iran’s mission to the United Nations didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment.

伊朗驻联合国代表团没有立即回复置评请求。

点击“阅读原文”查看美国财政部公开文件

Ian Talley

2019年10月29日16:44 CST 更新

（本文版权归道琼斯公司所有，未经许可不得翻译或转载。）

更多阅读：

道琼斯公司（Dow Jones）创建于1882年，旗下有道琼斯指数、Barron's《巴伦》、WSJ《华尔街日报》、MarketWatch、Factiva、VentureSource、Risk & Compliance等品牌。“道琼斯风险合规”是全球领先的风险合规服务商。本公众号由道琼斯风险合规中国团队运营。欢迎您关注或咨询：[e-mail]