最大悲剧莫过于此——哈耶克总结《通往奴役之路》

作者 哈耶克
翻译 风灵

这是哈耶克为《通往奴役之路》第一版写的封面注释。（做了少量修改）

• Is there a greater tragedy imaginable than that in our endeavour consciously to shape our future in accordance with high ideals we should in fact unwittingly produce the very opposite of what we have been striving for?
我们按照高尚的理想有意识塑造未来的努力，其实却将在无意中产生与我们孜孜以求的目标截然相反的效果，最大的悲剧莫过于此。

• The contention that only the peculiar wickedness of the Germans has produced the Nazi system is likely to become the excuse for forcing on us the very institutions which have produced that wickedness.
如果认为只因德国人的特殊邪恶才产生了纳粹制度，那么，这一观念很可能会成为把生成这种邪恶的制度强加于我们头上的理由。

• Totalitarianism is the new word we have adopted to describe the unexpected but nevertheless inseparable manifestations of what in theory we call socialism.
我们用“极权主义”这个新词来描述理论上所谓“社会主义”的那些出乎人意料却又与之不能分割的表现形式。

• In a planned system we cannot confine collective action to the tasks on which we agree, but are forced to produce agreement on everything in order that any action can be taken at all.
在中央计划的系统中，集体行动将不再限于我们所同意的任务，我们被迫就所有的事务达成一致，这样才得以采取任何行动。

• The more the state ‘plans’ the more difficult planning becomes for the individual.
国家的“计划”越多，对个人而言，计划就越困难。

• The economic freedom which is the prerequisite of any other freedom cannot be the freedom from economic care which the socialists promise us and which can be obtained only by relieving the individual at the same time of the necessity and of the power of choice: it must be the freedom of economic activity which, with the right of choice, inevitably also carries the risk and the responsibility of that right.
经济自由作为任何其他自由的前提，不能是从社会主义者向我们承诺的经济保障中得来的自由——要获得这种保障，必须同时解除个人选择的必要性和选择的权力：经济自由必须是具有选择权的经济活动自由——这种自由也将不可避免地带来行使选择权的风险和责任。

• What our generation has forgotten is that the system of private property is the most important guarantee of freedom, not only for those who own property, but scarcely less for those who do not.
已经被我们这代人遗忘了的是，财产私有制是自由最重要的保障，不仅对于那些拥有财产的人是如此，对于那些没有财产的人也几乎同样如此。

• We shall never prevent the abuse of power if we are not prepared to limit power in a way which occasionally may prevent its use for desirable purposes.
如果我们不打算严格限制权力——哪怕偶尔可能会阻止其用于某些可取的目的，我们就永远防止不了权力的滥用。

• We shall all be the gainers if we can create a world fit for small states to live in.
如果我们能创造一个适合小国家生存的世界，我们所有人都将受益。

• The first need is to free ourselves of that worst form of contemporary obscurantism which tries to persuade us that what we have done in the recent past was all either wise or unavoidable. We shall not grow wiser before we learn that much that we have done was very foolish.
首先要摆脱那种最恶劣的现代蒙昧主义，它试图让我们相信，我们最近一些年所做的一切要么是明智的，要么无可避免。在认识到我们做过的许多事其实非常愚蠢之前，我们不会变得更为明智。

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