The Birth of China's Green Movement 中国绿色运动的诞生
Over the last decade, China has been cast as a world leader in the environmental movement. They have upheld their climate targets under the 2015 Paris Agreement and implemented more than 100 policies related to lowering its greenhouse gas emissions as documented by the recent book “Titans of the Climate”.
在过去十年里，中国被视为世界环保运动的领导者。中国致力于实现雄心勃勃的环境目标，坚持2015年《巴黎协定》制定的气候目标，并实施了100多项有关降低温室气体排放的政策，这些政策已被最近出版的《气候巨人》一书所记录。
Early 2010 saw a publication of the country's first survey of pollution sources. In 2014, President Xi and Obama announced a joint statement on climate change, with Xi pledging to peak CO2 emissions around 2030. Most recently, in 2019, the government has implemented mandatory waste management in large-scale international cities like Shanghai and Beijing.
2010年初，中国发布了首份污染源调查报告。几年后的2014年，习主席和奥巴马总统发表了一份关于气候变化的联合声明，承诺在2030年左右达到二氧化碳排放峰值。2019年，政府将其努力方向从空气污染转向了实施上海和北京等大型国际城市强制性垃圾管理。
Where did the green movement in China begin?
但中国的绿色运动是从哪里开始的呢?
In the 1950s, Chairman Mao’s campaigns mobilized millions of people in campaigns that nearly exterminated the nation’s sparrows and destroyed its lakes, marshes, forests, and grasslands, unleashed dust storms, and stifled critics. For more than 50 years, succeeding generations pursued the idea that nature must serve the people.
在20世纪50年代，毛主席的运动组织了数以百万计的人，几乎消灭了国内全部的麻雀，摧毁了湖泊、沼泽、森林和草原，引发了沙尘暴，并压制了批评声。50多年来，后代人一直奉行自然必须为人民服务的理念。
Former head of China’s environmental protection agency Qu Geping, is considered the father of environmental protection in China. He was responsible for a groundbreaking piece of legislation; an environmental impact assessment law that would allow public participation in government decisions on big projects.
中国国家环保总局前局长曲格平被誉为中国环保之父。他负责了一项开创性的立法——项允许公众参与政府重大项目决策的环境影响评估法。
Before the law was passed in 1993, the media virtually ignored any debate on the environment. Then the law was passed and the floodgates opened. Over the next 15 years over 220,000 stories about the environment were written. This put a lot of pressure, especially on small-time polluters who were simply dumping waste in rivers and lakes, to clean up.
在1993年通过这项法律之前，媒体实质上忽视了任何有关环境的争论。自此项律法通过后，闸门打开了。在接下来的15年里，1993年到2008年，有超过22万篇关于环境的报道。这尤其给那些向河流和湖泊倾倒垃圾的小型污染者带来了很大的压力。
“They called it a green hurricane that started to sweep through China.” writes Gary Marcuse, director, Waking the Green Tiger, a documentary on China’s green movement.
“他们称这是一场开始席卷中国的绿色飓风。”纪录片《唤醒绿色虎》的导演加里·马尔库塞(Gary Marcuse)写道。
Rise of the Green Movement 绿色运动的崛起
In 2007, the green movement grew larger as local villagers and urban community members joined forces to oppose a massive new dam at Tiger Leaping Gorge on the Upper Yangtze that would have displaced 100,000 people.
2007年，当地村民和城市社区成员联合起来反对在长江上游虎跳峡修建一座可能导致10万人流离失所的大坝，绿色运动的规模越来越大。
China has built or is building about 20,000 dams, almost completely without opposition. Shi Lihong, one of the environmental activists featured testimonies of previous citizens that were displaced by the construction of these dams. These testimonies strengthened the resolve of villagers in Tiger Leaping Gorge to stop the planned dam.
中国已经或正在建设大约2万座水坝，几乎完全没有遭到反对。但是在虎跳峡，建设大坝的理想地点，它放弃了计划。史立红是当时环保活动人士之一，他讲述了因水坝建设而将导致居民流离失所的证词。这些证词增强了虎跳峡村民们阻止大坝计划的决心。
In one villager’s words, “When our land and our homes are about to be destroyed, we have nothing to fear.”
用一位村民的话说，“当我们的土地和家园即将被摧毁时，我们没有什么好害怕的。”
China Goes Green 中国的绿色环保之路
Since then the environmental movement in China has grown tremendously. In 2017, for the first time in China’s history, a court in Beijing agreed to file a case brought by The Green Volunteer League of Chongqing, suing the 3 largest food delivery platforms. The NGO claimed that these platforms do not allow customers to opt out of disposable utensils which can end up killing 6700 trees from its 13 million orders within one day.
从那时起，中国的环保运动发展迅速。2017年，中国历史上第一次，北京一家法院同意为重庆绿色志愿者联合会提出的诉讼立案，起诉三大外卖平台疏忽环境。这家非政府组织声称，外卖应用不让顾客轻易地选择不使用一次性餐具，可能会因一天内1300万份订单量导致6700棵树死亡。
China also placed an import ban on waste plastics in January 2018. Prior to this ban, China had been taking in up to 56 percent of the world's plastic garbage to recycle. It justified its decision to stop the imports on environmental grounds, and also wanted to protect the health of its citizens.
2018年1月，中国颁布了废塑料进口禁令。这项政策禁止进口24种固体废物，包括某些类型的塑料、纸张和纺织品。在这条禁令之前，中国已经回收了世界上56%的塑料垃圾，国家以环境为由，为其停止进口的决定辩护，并表示，也想保护本国公民的健康。
A more recent regulation passed in 2019 required Shanghai citizens to sort their waste, and came into effect in July 2019, making waste sorting compulsory for Shanghai's 26 million residents. Similar regulations have been rolled out in Beijing recently and expected to be rolled out across the country in the future.
于2019年通过的一项规定要求上海市民对垃圾进行分类，并于2019年7月生效，使得上海2600万居民必须进行垃圾分类。北京最近也出台了类似的规定，预计未来将在全国推行。
World Environment Day 世界环境日
On the 5th of June, governments and citizens around the world will be encouraged celebrate World Environment Day. This day is the United Nations' vehicle for encouraging awareness and action for the environment. The theme of 2020 is biodiversity – a concern that is both urgent and existential. Recent events, from bushfires in Brazil, the United States and Australia and now, a global disease pandemic demonstrate the interdependence of humans and the webs of life in which they exist.
在6月5日，世界各国政府和公民将被鼓励庆祝世界环境日以致敬我们的地球母亲。这一天是联合国鼓励环境保护意识和行动的主要途径，2020年的主题是生物多样性，这是一个既紧迫又实际存在的问题。最近发生的一系列事件，从巴西、美国和澳大利亚的森林大火，到东非的蝗灾，再到现在的全球性流行病，都表明了人类与人类赖以生存的生命网络之间的相互依存关系。
Waking the Green Tiger – Green Initiatives Film Screening
Green Initiatives is screening the documentary, Waking the Green Tiger, to limited seats on Thursday, 4 June 2020, to provide a look into how environmental law and the green movement have played a key role in the evolution of democracy in China.
本月，我们为中国观众准备一场特殊的电影放映活动--《唤醒绿色虎》。《唤醒绿色虎》追踪一场史无前例的运动。在中国西南部的高山中，人们想要阻止在长江上游修建大坝。
The documentary describes how the media, NGOs and locals joined forces to prevent the construction of a dam at the Tiger Leaping Gorge on the Jinsha River in Yunnan - a campaign seen as a turning point for China’s environmental movement.
《唤醒绿色虎》是一部主题纪录片，由加拿大团队Face to Face传媒制作，该团队制作的《核能炸药》讲述了美国的环保运动。
Seen through the eyes of activists, farmers, and journalists, the film follows an extraordinary campaign to stop a massive dam project on the Upper Yangtze River in southwestern China that would displace 100,000 people. The film also tells the history of Chairman Mao’s campaigns to conquer nature in the name of progress.
通过环保卫士、农民、记者等的视角，《唤醒绿色虎》记录了史无前例的运动。在中国西南部的高山中，人们想要阻止在长江上游修建大坝。
To view the references quoted in the article, click “read more” below to visit the webpage. 如果您要查看文中引用的资料，请点击“阅读原文”以查看网页版本。
To register for the film screening scan the QR code below. Very limited spaces. 如果您要参与活动，请扫描下方二维码。名额有限。
Thank you to Times Grocery for sponsoring light snacks and beverages for the event, and to KerryOn for providing the venue for the screening.
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