浅谈低氧诱导因子降解的调节器——脯氨酰羟化酶
2019年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予哈佛大学的William"Bill" G. Kaelin、牛津大学的利夫Peter J. Ratcliffe和约翰·霍普金斯医学院的Gregg L.Semenza,以表彰他们“在理解细胞感知、适应氧气变化机制中的贡献”。近年来,由Gregg L.Semenza发现的HIF(Hypoxia-Inducible Factor)作为主要的氧气调控因子,科学家围绕HIF做了大量的研究。今天,我们就来说一说HIF主要的调节器——脯氨酰羟化酶(prolyl hydroxylase domain,PHD)及其研发管线。
在聊PHD之前,我们不得不先聊聊HIF,HIF由Semenza等人于1992年发现,它是一种异二聚体转录因子,由一个氧高度敏感因子HIF-α和HIF-β组成。缺氧条件下,HIF-α和HIF-β二聚化进一步激活转录因子p300, 并与缺氧反应元件HRE结合,从而调控多种基因表达,比如红细胞生成, 线粒体代谢和血管生成等。在常氧条件或机体受到损伤时,HIF-α可以被PHD酶羟基化,导致其快速被林希因子VHL识别并被泛素化降解(图2)。
PHD2研发管线
结语
参考文献:
1. Li, Z.; You, Q.; Zhang, X. Small-Molecule Modulators of the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Pathway: Development and Therapeutic Applications. J. Med. Chem. 2019, 62 (12), 5725-5749.
2. Joharapurkar, A. A.; Pandya,V. B. Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitors: A Breakthrough in the Therapy of Anemia Associated with Chronic Diseases. J.Med. Chem. 2018, 61 (16), 6964-6982.
3. Rabinowitz, M. H., Inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase domain oxygen sensors: tricking the body into mounting orchestrated survival and repair responses. J. Med. Chem. 2013, 56 (23), 9369-402;
4. Chen, N., Hao, C., Liu, B. C., et al. Roxadustat Treatmentfor Anemia in Patients Undergoing Long-Term Dialysis. N. Engl. J. Med. 2019, 381 (11), 1011-1022.
5. Chen, N., Hao, C., Peng, X., et al. Roxadustat for Anemia in Patients with Kidney Disease Not Receiving Dialysis. N. Engl. J Med. 2019, 381 (11), 1001-1010.
6. 药渡数据:https://data.pharmacodia.com
7. Wu, Y., Wang, N., et al. Small-molecule inhibitors of HIF-PHD2: a valid strategy to renal anemia treatment in clinical therapy. Med. Chem. Commun. 2016,7 (7), 1271-1284.
8. Ogoshi, Y., Matsui, T., Mitani, I., et al. Discovery of JTZ-951: A HIF Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor for the Treatment of Renal Anemia. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 2017, 8 (12), 1320-1325.
9. 张晓进,尤启冬,雷永华等,炔基吡啶类脯氨酰羟化酶抑制剂、其制备方法和医药用途。CN105130888A
10. 左应林,王晓军,张英俊等,脯氨酰羟化酶抑制剂及其用途。CN108069957A
立即解锁你的掌上专业工具!