「Part2」2019政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

本系列笔记由「才思汇·啃报告小分队」出品，特别感谢小伙伴@Arthur 和 @苏玉萌 的整理。

——三大攻坚战开局良好。

The three critical battles got off to a good start.

注：

三大攻坚战是指防范化解重大风险、精准脱贫、污染防治(the battles against potential risks, poverty, and pollution)。

攻坚战

critical battle

开局良好；开门红

get off to a good start

防范化解重大风险，

We forestalled and defused major risks.

注：

· forestall表示“预先阻止、防止“（to prevent something from happening），此处译为“防范”；

· defuse表示“平息、去除危险性”（to stop a possibly dangerous or difficult situation from developing），此处译为“化解”。

宏观杠杆率趋于稳定，

The macro leverage ratio trended toward a stable level;

注：

趋于稳定

trend toward

金融运行总体平稳。

the financial sector was generally stable.

注：

· financial sector 常用来表示“金融业、财经界、财政部门”。

精准脱贫有力推进，农村贫困人口减少1386万，易地扶贫搬迁280万人。

Precision poverty alleviation made significant progress, with the rural poor population reduced by 13.86 million, including 2.8 million people assisted through relocation from inhospitable areas.

注：

精准脱贫

precision povert (有误)

有力推进

make significant progress

易地扶贫

relocation from inhospitable areas

污染防治得到加强，细颗粒物（PM2.5）浓度继续下降，

Pollution prevention and control was strengthened, and PM2.5 density continued to fall.

注：

污染防治

pollution prevention and control

生态文明建设成效显著。

Marked achievements were made in ecological conservation.

注：

成效显著

make marked achievements

——人民生活持续改善。

Living standards continued to improve.

注：

生活水平

living standards

· standard 常用来表示“标准、水准”（a level of quality），此处与“living”组成词组表示“生活水平”；

居民人均可支配收入实际增长6.5%。

Per capita disposable personal income grew by 6.5 percent in real terms.

注：

居民人均可支配收入

per capita disposable personal income

提高个人所得税起征点，设立6项专项附加扣除。

The threshold for individual income tax was raised and six special additional deductions were created.

注：

个人所得税起征点

the threshold for individual income tax

· threshold 表示“入口；门槛；临界值”（the level at which something starts to happen or have an effect）

加大基本养老、基本医疗等保障力度，

Support for basic elderly care and basic health care was strengthened.

注：

基本养老

basic elderly care

基本医疗

basic health care

加大…保障力度

support for … is strengthened

资助各类学校家庭困难学生近1亿人次。

Close to 100 million payments were made to assist students from families in financial difficulty, covering all school types.

注：

各类学校

all school types

家庭困难学生

students from families in financial difficulty

棚户区住房改造620多万套，农村危房改造190万户。

More than 6.2 million housing units were rebuilt in rundown urban areas and 1.9 million dilapidated rural houses were renovated.

注：

棚户区是指城市建成区范围内、平房密度大、使用年限久、房屋质量差、人均建筑面积小、基础设施配套不齐全、交通不便利、治安和消防隐患大、环境卫生脏、乱、差的区域，译为rundown urban areas.

农村危房

dilapidated rural houses

· dilapidated表示“年久失修的，破败的，破旧的”（old and in poor condition）

· renovate表示“修复，翻新，整修”（to repair and improve something, especially a building）

He renovates old houses and sells them at a profit.

他靠翻修老房子再出售赚钱。

改造：rebuild/renovate

城乡居民生活水平又有新提高。

Urban and rural living standards continued to rise.

注：

城乡居民生活水平

urban and rural living standard

我们隆重庆祝改革开放40周年，

We solemnly commemorated the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up,

注：

隆重庆祝

solemnly commemorated

· solemnly表示“庄严地；严肃地”（in a very serious and sincere way）

改革开放40周年

the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up

深刻总结改革开放的伟大成就和宝贵经验，

thoroughly reviewed its great achievements and the valuable experience gained in its pursuit,

注：

深刻总结

thoroughly review

· pursuit表示“追赶，追求”（the act of looking for or trying to find something）

郑重宣示在新时代将改革开放进行到底的坚定决心，

and pledged our resolve to see reform and opening up through in the new era,

注：

郑重宣示…的决心

pledge one's resolve

新时代

the new era

激励全国各族人民接续奋斗，再创新的历史伟业。

thus galvanizing the Chinese people of all ethnic groups to continue their hard work to make new historic achievements.

注：

· galvanize /ˈɡælvəˌnaɪz/表示“通电；刺激“（to make somebody take action by shocking them or by making them excited），此处引申为“刺激”；

全国各族人民

Chinese people of all ethnic groups

历史伟业

historic achievements

回顾过去一年，成绩来之不易。

Looking back at the past year, we can see that our achievements did not come easily.

注：

来之不易

do not come easily

我们面对的是深刻变化的外部环境。

What we faced was profound change in our external environment.

注：

外部环境

external environment

2016年报告“国际环境”：

They were made in the context of an extremely complicated and challenging international environment.

经济全球化遭遇波折，多边主义受到冲击，国际金融市场震荡，特别是中美经贸摩擦给一些企业生产经营、市场预期带来不利影响。

Setbacks in economic globalization, challenges to multilateralism, shocks in the international financial market, and especially the China-US economic and trade frictions, had an adverse effect on the production and business operations of some companies and on market expectations.

注：

· setback表示“挫折；阻碍；退步；逆流”（A setback is an event that delays your progress or reverses some of the progress that you have made）

经济全球化

economic globalization

多边主义

multilateralism

· shock表示“震惊；休克”

2016年报告“国际金融市场震荡”：there was growing volatility in the global financial market；

· volatility表示“挥发性；易变；活泼”

· adverse表示“不利的；相反的；敌对的”（Adverse decisions, conditions, or effects are unfavourable to you）

生产经营

production and business operations

市场预期

market expectations

我们面对的是经济转型阵痛凸显的严峻挑战。

What we faced were severe challenges caused by the growing pains of economic transformation.

注：

经济转型

economic transformation

新老矛盾交织，周期性、结构性问题叠加，经济运行稳中有变、变中有忧。

An interlacing of old and new issues and a combination of cyclical and structural problems brought changes in what was a generally stable economic performance, some of which caused concern.

注：

新老矛盾

old and new issues

· interlace表示“使交错；使交织”（to join together [patterns, fingers, etc] by crossing, as if woven; intertwine）

周期性、结构性问题

cyclical and structural problems

经济运行

economic performance

· concern做名词表示“忧虑；关系；关心；关心的事”

我们面对的是两难多难问题增多的复杂局面。

What we faced was a complicated terrain of increasing dilemmas.

注：

· terrain表示“（地理）地形，地势；领域；地带”（Terrain is used to refer to an area of land or a type of land when you are considering its physical features）

· dilemma表示“进退两难的局面”（A dilemma is a difficult situation in which you have to choose between two or more alternatives）

2018年报告中“遇到不少两难多难抉择”的表述：we have met with no small number of dilemmas.

2016年报告中“经济工作遇到不少两难甚至多难问题”的表述：China was also confronted with many difficult problems and choices in the running of the economy.

实现稳增长、防风险等多重目标，

We had multiple targets to attain, like ensuring stable growth and preventing risks;

注：

实现目标 

attain targets

稳增长、防风险

ensure stable growth and prevent risks

完成经济社会发展等多项任务，

multiple tasks to complete, like promoting economic and social development;

注：

完成任务 

complete tasks

处理好当前与长远等多种关系，

and multiple relationships to handle, like that between short-term and long-term interests.

注：

处理关系

handle relationships

当前与长远利益

short-term and long-term interests

政策抉择和工作推进的难度明显加大。

And the difficulty of making policy choices and moving work forward increased markedly.

注：

政策抉择和工作推进

making policy choices and moving work forward

经过全国上下共同努力，我国经济发展在高基数上总体平稳、稳中有进，

With the concerted efforts of the whole country, the Chinese economy, from a larger base, achieved generally stable growth while making further progress;

注：

共同努力，齐心协力

concerted effort

「类似表述对比」

2018年报告中“稳中向好”的表述：kept major indicators within an appropriate range, and achieved stable, positive economic performance. 经济运行保持在合理区间、实现稳中向好

2017年报告中“缓中趋稳、稳中向好”的表述：The economy has registered a slower but stable performance with good momentum for growth. 经济运行缓中趋稳、稳中向好。

2016年报告中“稳中有进、稳中有好”的表述：progress has been achieved and stability ensured in economic and social development 经济社会发展稳中有进、稳中有好。

社会大局保持稳定。

and social stability was ensured.

注：

社会稳定

social stability

这再次表明，在中国共产党领导下，中国人民有战胜任何艰难险阻的勇气、智慧和力量，

This once again shows that the Chinese people, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, have the courage, vision, and strength to prevail over any difficulty or obstacle.

注：

· prevail over表示“胜过；占优势”

· prevail几个含义：

1）"占上风"（If a proposal, principle, or opinion prevails, it gains influence or is accepted, often after a struggle or argument）

2）"盛行; 普遍存在"（If a situation, attitude, or custom prevails in a particular place at a particular time, it is normal or most common in that place at that time）

3）"获胜"（If one side in a battle, contest, or dispute prevails, it wins）

中国的发展没有过不去的坎。

There is no difficulty that cannot be overcome in China's pursuit of development!

注：

没有过不去的坎

There is no difficulty that cannot be overcome.

对发展的追求

pursuit of development 

电影《当幸福来敲门（The Pursuit of Happyness）》

一年来，我们深入贯彻以习近平同志为核心的党中央决策部署，

Over the past year, we fully implemented all major policies and plans made by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core.

注：

深入贯彻

fully implement

决策部署

policies and plans

坚持稳中求进工作总基调，统筹稳增长、促改革、调结构、惠民生、防风险，

We followed the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability, and worked holistically to maintain stable growth, advance reform, make structural adjustments, improve living standards, and guard against risks.

注：

稳中求进工作总基调

general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability

统筹

work holistically

稳增长、促改革、调结构、惠民生、防风险

maintain stable growth, advance reform, make structural adjustments, improve living standards, and guard against risks

稳妥应对中美经贸摩擦，

We handled economic and trade frictions with the United States appropriately.

注：

经贸摩擦

economic and trade frictions

着力稳就业、稳金融、稳外贸、稳外资、稳投资、稳预期，

We worked to ensure stable employment, a stable financial sector, stable foreign trade, stable foreign investment, stable domestic investment, and stable expectations.

注：

financial sector表示“金融业；金融部门；财政部门”

外贸

foreign trade

外资

foreign investment

国内投资

domestic investment

主要做了以下工作。

Our main work of the past year was as follows.

注：

· as follows表示“如下”

「未完待续」

「持续更新中」

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