88岁股神巴菲特日喝5罐可乐 亿万富翁究竟是如何赚钱和花钱的
2019年3月5日，福布斯发布年度全球亿万富豪榜，沃伦·巴菲特（Warren Buffett）排名第三，却被称为“最节俭的亿万富翁之一”，今天我们一起来看看看他到底是如何赚钱和花钱的。
Warren Buffett, the third-richest person in the world, is also one of the most frugal billionaires. Here's how he makes and spends his fortune.
· Warren Buffett is the third-richest person in the world and has a net worth of $86 billion.
· He's also one of the most frugal billionaires, known for his practical investing strategies and modest lifestyle.
· The CEO and chairman of Berkshire Hathaway still lives in the house he bought in the 1950s, which is now worth over $652,000.
· Watch the video above to learn how Buffett makes and spends his money.
frugal
1) 表示“节俭的，节约的”，英文解释为“careful to buy only what is necessary”；
2) 表示“（膳食）少量的，简便的，简单的”，英文解释为“a frugal meal is a small meal of plain food”举个🌰：
He led a remarkably frugal existence.
他过着极其节俭的生活。
Following is a transcript of the video.
Narrator: In 2018, Warren Buffett's net worth stood at $88 billion, making him the third-richest person in the world. But Buffett doesn't spend like his billionaire peers. He lives in the same house he bought in the '50s and doesn't make lavish purchases. He's even portrayed as frugal in his cameo in "The Office."
stand at
stand at表示“达特定水平（或数量、高度等）”，英文解释为“to be at a particular level, amount, height, etc.”举个🌰：
Interest rates stand at 5%.
利率为5%。
The world record then stood at 13.14 metres.
当时的世界纪录是13.14米。
lavish
表示“大量的；使人印象深刻的；昂贵的；慷慨的，大方的”，英文解释为“large, impressive, or expensive”，如：a royal palace on a lavish scale 庞大的皇宫，a lavish lifestyle 奢侈的生活方式，举个🌰：
The food was lavish.
食物很丰盛。
cameo
表示“（电影或戏剧中名演员的）客串演出”，英文解释为“a short appearance in a film or play by a well-known actor”，如：cameo role/appearance。
Warren Buffett: Can you do any better on salary?
Jim: Unfortunately, that range is set at corporate.
Buffett: What about mileage when I use my car? I mean, gas ain't cheap, you know.
However, the 88-year-old is regarded as one of the most generous philanthropists on the planet. Since 2000, he's donated $46 billion to various causes. So here's how Warren Buffett spends, or doesn't spend, his billions.
Narrator: He had a penchant for making money at a young age. Buffett is the son of a US congressman, and he bought his first stock when he was just 11 years old. As a teen, he delivered newspapers and pulled in $175 a week. At the time, that was more than his teachers. He also buffed cars, sold used golf balls and stamps, and by age 16, he had amassed $53,000.
penchant
表示“爱好；嗜爱”，英文解释为“a special liking for sth”举个🌰：
He has a penchant for English.
他酷爱英语。
pull sth in/down
表示“赚（大笔钱）”，英文解释为“to earn the large amount of money mentioned”举个🌰：
I reckon he's pulling in over $200,000.
我估计她要赚20多万。
buff
作动词，表示“ （用软布）擦亮”，英文解释为“to polish something with a cloth”举个🌰：
She was buffing her nails.
她正在擦指甲。
amass
表示“（尤指大量）积累，积聚”，英文解释为“to collect sth, especially in large quantities”举个🌰：
He amassed a fortune from delivering newspapers.
他靠送报纸积累了一笔财富。
近义词：accumulate：to gradually get more and more of sth over a period of time 积累；积聚；
以及下文出现的：rack up作为替换。
rack up表示“大量获得（利润）；严重遭受（损失）；（体育中）多次赢得（比赛）”（If a business racks up profits, losses, or sales, it makes a lot of them. If a sportsman, sportswoman, or team racks up wins, they win a lot of games or races.）
He earned most of his wealth after his 50th birthday. 99% of his wealth is connected to Berkshire Hathaway, a conglomerate that owns companies including Geico, Duracell, and Dairy Queen along with large investments in Coca-Cola, Heinz, and Bank of America. As the company's chairman and CEO, Buffett became one of the most successful investors of all time. He's been dubbed The Oracle of Omaha for his ability to beat the market with a philosophy called value investing. Buffett looks to take large ownership stakes in companies that have a well-performing stock and are consistently profitable.
conglomerate
conglomerate表示“大型联合企业，企业集团”，英文解释为“A conglomerate is a large business firm consisting of several different companies.”举个🌰：
the world's second-largest media conglomerate.
世界第二大传媒集团
英文里还可以用giant来表示巨头公司”，英文解释为“Giant is often used to refer to any large, successful business organization or country.”举个🌰：
Japanese electronics giant, Sony
日本的电子业巨头——索尼公司
Imagine this, for example: If you invested $100 in Berkshire Hathaway's stock in 1965, when The Oracle took over, it would be worth $2.4 million in 2017. If you invested the same amount at the same time in the S&P 500, you'd only have $15,600. His sage investing has helped him rack up a net worth greater than the GDP of Uruguay.
sage
作形容词，表示“睿智的，贤明的（尤指因经验丰富）”，英文解释为“wise, especially because you have a lot of experience”。
So what does Warren Buffett spend his massive fortune on? He bought his house in Omaha, Nebraska, in 1958 for $31,500. Adjusted for inflation, that would be about $276,700 today. As of 2017, the five-bedroom, two-and-a-half bathroom home is worth over $652,000. Buffett calls it the third-best investment he ever made. In 1971, he bought a vacation home in Laguna Beach, California, for $150,000. Forty-seven years later, he sold it for $7.5 million. And his cars are as modest as his houses. In 2006, he drove a Cadillac DTS, which had a starting price of $42,000. He replaced it in 2014 with a Cadillac XTS, which originally started at $44,600. The same goes for his tech. Even though Apple stock is a major part of Berkshire Hathaway's portfolio, Buffett still uses a flip phone that he showed off on CNN.
portfolio
在约会应用企业Match Group开拓亚洲市场一文中刚出现过这个词，此处即第三种含义，表示“投资组合”。
portfolio /pɔːtˈfəʊliəʊ/表示“（公司或机构提供的）系列产品，系列服务”，英文解释为“the range of products or services offered by a particular company or organization”，如：a portfolio of wines 系列葡萄酒。
此外，portfolio还有多个不同含义：
1) 表示“公事包，文件夹；画夹”（a large flat case used especially for carrying pictures, documents etc）
2) 表示“（艺术家、摄影师等的）作品选集”（a set of pictures or other pieces of work that an artist, photographer etc has done）
3) 表示“（某人或某公司持有的）有价证券组合，投资组合”（a group of stock s owned by a particular person or compan），如：an investment portfolio 投资组合；
4) 表示“部长（大臣）的职责”（the work that a particular government official is responsible for），如：the foreign affairs portfolio 外交部长职责。
Buffett: This is the one Alexander Graham Bell gave me.
Narrator: A typical day for the peculiar billionaire goes like this. He puts on one of his 20 suits designed by his friend, Madam Li. He gets the suits for free but says he wears them because they fit perfectly. During his drive to the office, he stops at McDonald's and spends at most $3.17 on breakfast. He spends 80% of the day reading and drinks five Cokes throughout the day.
peculiar
peculiar /pɪˈkjuːlɪə/ 表示“不寻常的；古怪的”，英文解释为“If you describe someone or something as peculiar, you think that they are strange or unusual, sometimes in an unpleasant way.”举个🌰：
He has a rather peculiar sense of humour.
他有一种相当不寻常的幽默感。
Buffett:♪ I'd like to buy the world a Coke ♪ ♪ And keep it company ♪ Boy, that is the real thing.
Narrator: He's known for having the diet of a 6-year-old and even sometimes eats ice cream for breakfast. He does have one expensive indulgence though: a private jet.
indulgence
1) 可数名词，表示“嗜好，爱好”，英文解释为“something that you do or have for pleasure, not because you need it”；
2) 不可数名词，表示“沉溺；放纵；纵容”，英文解释为“the habit of allowing yourself to do or have whatever you want, or allowing someone else to do or have whatever they want”。
Charitable giving accounts for most of his spending. In 2016, he donated $2.9 billion to charities including the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the Susan Thompson Buffett Foundation, which is named for his late wife. Through the Susan Thompson Buffett Foundation, he has donated tens of millions to Planned Parenthood and the National Abortion Federation. In 2018, he made another big donation to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, this time, $2.6 billion in Berkshire Hathaway stock. A week later, he donated $800 million to other various charities.
When he passes, he plans on leaving $2 billion for each of his children. The rest of his estate will be donated to philanthropic causes. Despite his affluence, Buffett doesn't think money equals success. Instead, he said, "I measure success by how many people love me."
affluence
表示“富裕”，英文解释为“Affluence is the state of having a lot of money or a high standard of living.”举个🌰：
The postwar era was one of new affluence for the working class.
战后时期是工人阶级新富期。
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