重磅！中国将建立「不可靠实体清单」制度
据新华社，商务部新闻发言人高峰5月31日表示，根据相关法律法规，中国将建立“不可靠(unreliable)实体清单”制度。对不遵守市场规则、背离契约精神、出于非商业目的对中国企业实施封锁或断供、严重损害中国企业正当权益的外国企业、组织或个人，将列入“不可靠实体清单”。具体措施将于近期公布。
China said it will establish a list of so-called “unreliable" entities it says damage the interests of domestic companies, a sweeping order that could potentially affect thousands of foreign firms as tensions escalate after the U.S. blacklisted Huawei Technologies Co.
sweeping
表示“影响大的；范围广的；彻底的”，英文解释为“affecting many things, or making an important difference to something”，如：sweeping changes/cuts/reforms，举个🌰：
They want to make sweeping changes to education policies.
他们想要对教育政策进行大刀阔斧的改革。
China will set up a mechanism listing foreign enterprises, organizations and individuals that don't obey market rules, violate contracts and block, cut off supply for non-commercial reasons or severely damage the legitimate interests of Chinese companies,Ministry of Commerce spokesman Gao Feng said.
Details of the list were not immediately available, though more will be announced “soon.”
不遵守市场规则 do not obey market rules
背离契约精神 violate contracts
出于非商业目的对中国企业实施封锁或断供 block, cut off supply for non-commercial reasons
严重损害中国企业正当权益的 severely damage the legitimate interests of Chinese companies
外国企业、组织或个人 foreign enterprises, organizations and individuals
The U.S. government has moved to curb Huawei’s ability to sell equipment in the U.S. and buy parts from American suppliers, potentially crippling one of China’s most successful -- but controversial -- global companies.
curb
表示“控制，抑制，约束”，英文解释为“to control or limit something in order to prevent it from having a harmful effect”，如：measures to curb the spread of the virus 控制病毒扩散的措施。
类似的还有：stem
作动词，表示“阻止，遏制，封堵”，英文解释为“to stop something from happening, spreading, or developing”，如：stem the growth/rise/decline 遏制增长/下滑，举个🌰：
The measures are meant to stem the tide of illegal immigration.
这些措施旨在遏制非法移民潮。
cripple
1）表示“严重损害、削弱”，英文解释为“to damage something badly so that it no longer works or is no longer effective”举个🌰：
Industry is being crippled by high interest rates.
工业因为利率高而受到重创。
2）表示“使跛，使瘸”，英文解释为“to hurt someone badly so that they cannot walk properly”举个🌰：
She was crippled in a car accident.
她在一次车祸中成了瘸子。
That step has helped broaden the tariff war into a wider confrontation between China and the U.S., at a time when negotiations between the two sides have broken down.
The vague wording of the Chinese state media report opens the door for Beijing to target a broad swathe of the global tech industry -- from U.S. giants like Alphabet Inc.’s Google, Qualcomm Inc. and Intel Corp. to even non-American suppliers that have cut off China’s largest technology company.
Those run the gamut from Japan’s Toshiba to Britain’s Arm.
open the door to sth
1）表示“使…成为可能”，英文解释为“to make something possible”举个🌰：
These discussions may well open the door to a peaceful solution.
此番讨论或许可以完全打开和平解决问题的大门。
2）表示“为（新事物）敞开大门，为（新事物）铺平道路”，英文解释为“to allow something new to start”举个🌰：
The ceasefire has opened the door to talks between the two sides.
停火为双方的谈判打开了大门。
swathe
1）本义表示“长条区域，大块区域；（尤指）长条田地，大块田地”，英文解释为“a long strip or large area especially of land”举个🌰：
Huge swathes of rainforest are being cleared for farming and mining. 为了耕种和采矿，大片大片的雨林被砍伐。
2）此处表示“部分；范围”，英文解释为“a large part of something that includes several different things”举个🌰：
These people represent a broad/wide swathe of public opinion.
这些人代表了广大人民的意见。
the gamut
表示“全范围；所有”，英文解释为“The gamut of something is the complete range of things of that kind, or a wide variety of things of that kind.”举个🌰：
In her stories she expresses the whole gamut of emotions, from happiness to sorrow.
她的短篇小说呈现了喜怒哀乐等百感千情。
此处run the gamut of就是“囊括…的全部；历经（某领域）的全部事情；全盘展示”的意思，英文解释为“To run the gamut of something means to include, express, or experience all the different things of that kind, or a wide variety of them.”举个🌰：
The show runs the gamut of 20th century design.
此次展览囊括了20世纪的全部设计。
“Surely companies that have announced cutting supplies to Huawei, such as Panasonic and Toshiba, would be under threat,” said Michelle Lam, Greater China economist at Societe Generale SA in Hong Kong. “It could be very damaging to multinational companies.’’
The tariff conflict is set to ratchet up this weekend as the U.S. locks down higher duties on about $200 billion of goods arriving from China and Beijing implements its own retaliation.
ratchet up
表示“稳步提高；使...稳步提高”，英文解释为“If something ratchets up or is ratcheted up, it increases by a fixed amount or degree, and seems unlikely to decrease again.”如：an attempt to ratchet up the pressure 一次稳步加大压力的尝试。
duty
熟词癖义，表示“税收，关税”，英文解释为“a tax you pay on something you buy”，如：the duty on cigarettes 香烟税。
retaliation
表示“报复；反击；回敬”，英文解释为“the act of hurting someone or doing something harmful to someone because they have done or said something harmful to you”；
动词：retaliate 报复（If you retaliate when someone harms or annoys you, you do something which harms or annoys them in return.）举个🌰：
I was sorely tempted to retaliate.
我非常想报复。
China’s blacklist threat “sends pressure to Washington as the ban (on Chinese companies) from the U.S. side goes wider,” said James Yan, a Counterpoint Research analyst. “China may pick a few ‘bad examples’ to punish, but it’s unlikely to hit everyone in the supply chain.”
Chinese state media has floated potential retaliatory measures in recent days. Bloomberg News reported Friday that Beijing has readied a plan to restrict exports of rare earths to the U.S. if needed, according to people familiar with the matter.
float
熟词癖义，表示“提出〔想法或计划〕”，英文解释为“to suggest an idea or plan in order to see if people like it ”举个🌰：
We first floated the idea back in 2003.
我们最早是在2003年提出这个想法的。
The measures would likely focus on heavy rare earths, a sub-group of the materials where the U.S. is particularly reliant on China.
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