骗过微信支付宝 AI公司称用3D面具可破解人脸识别系统

近日，美国一家名为Kneron的AI公司宣称，他们通过一张极其逼真的3D面具，成功“欺骗”了微信、支付宝中的人脸识别系统在商店进行支付，甚至成功地通过火车站的人脸识别闸机验证进站。

The tech still has a long way to go.

Researchers fooled Chinese facial recognition terminals with just a mask

The Verge

Facial recognition has been heralded as a secure way to confirm your identity on your phone or at payment terminals, and with features like Face ID on your iPhone, it sometimes seems like the tech really is more secure than other options. But the tech isn’t infallible, as public facial recognition terminals can still be fooled with just a mask, as some recent experiments have shown.

herald

herald /ˈhɛrəld/ 1）作动词，表示“预告；宣传；宣布”，英文解释为“If an important event or action is heralded by people, announcements are made about it so that it is publicly known and expected.”举个🌰：

Her new album has been heralded by a massive media campaign. 

她的新唱片已在媒体上进行了大规模的宣传。

2）作动词，表示“预示…的来临”，英文解释为“Something that heralds a future event or situation is a sign that it is going to happen or appear.”如：the sultry evening that heralded the end of the baking hot summer 预示着炙热的夏天即将结束的那个闷热的夜晚。

3）作名词，表示“预兆”，英文解释为“Something that is a herald of a future event or situation is a sign that it is going to happen or appear.”举个🌰：

I welcome the report as a herald of more freedom.

我欢迎这份报告，认为它预示着更多的自由。

secure

1）作形容词，表示“（感觉）安全的”，英文解释为“If you feel secure, you feel safe and happy and are not worried about life.”举个🌰：

She felt secure and protected when she was with him. 

她和他在一起的时候感到很安全。

2）作形容词，表示“锁牢了的；严密保护的”，英文解释为“A secure place is tightly locked or well protected, so that people cannot enter it or leave it.”举个🌰：

We'll make sure our home is as secure as possible from now on. 

我们将从现在起确保我们的家尽可能安全。

3）作形容词，表示“牢固的”，英文解释为“If an object is secure, it is fixed firmly in position.”举个🌰：

Check that joints are secure and the wood is sound. 

检查接头是否牢固，木头是否完好。

4）作形容词，表示“（工作等）稳定的；坚实的（基础）”，英文解释为“If you describe something such as a job as secure, it is certain not to change or end. A secure base or foundation is strong and reliable.”举个🌰：

Senior citizens long for a more predictable and secure future.

老年人渴望一个更可预知、更稳定的未来。

He was determined to give his family a secure and solid base.

他决心为他的家庭打下一个坚实牢固的基础。

5）作动词，表示“以…作抵押”，英文解释为“If a loan is secured, the person who lends the money may take property such as a house from the person who borrows the money if they fail to repay it.”举个🌰：

The loan is secured against your home. 

这笔贷款以你的房屋作抵押。

infallible

表示“从不出错的”，英文解释为“If a person or thing is infallible, they are never wrong.”举个🌰：

Although he was experienced, he was not infallible.

尽管他经验丰富，却并非不会出错。

An AI company, Kneron, shared a video with The Verge of tests it ran at facial recognition terminals in China where it appeared to fool the systems. Kneron asked us not to publish the video, so we will describe what we saw — and it looked pretty convincing. In two examples, a tester approaches AliPay and WeChat terminals at shops in China while wearing a 3D mask of his face, and the facial recognition system identifies the mask as his face, allowing the purchase. In another example, the same person feeds his ID card into a train station turnstile while wearing his mask, and the turnstile’s facial recognition system accepts the mask as his face.

feed...into...

表示“把…放入（容器或装置中）”，英文解释为“If you feed something into a container or piece of equipment, you put it into it.”举个🌰：

He took the compact disc from her, then fed it into the player.

他从她那儿拿过光盘，然后把它放进播放机里。

turnstile

turnstile /ˈtɜːnˌstaɪl/ 作名词，表示“旋转栅门（常设于公共建筑、体育场等入口处）”，英文解释为“a gate at the entrance to a public building, stadium , etc. that turns in a circle when pushed, allowing one person to go through at a time”。

There are definitely limitations to this type of test, though. The video only shows one person making attempts with their mask, and it's unclear if that one mask worked in every single attempt, or if another mask would work for each one of these tests as well.

It's also worth noting that none of the systems were relying entirely on facial recognition for identification. Both the AliPay and WeChat terminals required the person to enter digits of the phone number associated with their identity, and at the train station, you have to present a physical ID card before the facial recognition system even starts scanning. Also, you might hope another human would intervene if a person pulled out a mask of another human's face while trying to pay for groceries?

digit

1）表示“（从0到9的任何一个）数字”，英文解释为“A digit is a written symbol for any of the ten numbers from 0 to 9.”举个🌰：

Her telephone number differs from mine by one digit.

她的电话号码和我的只差一个数字。

2）熟词僻义，表示“手指；拇指；脚趾”，英文解释为“A digit is a finger, thumb, or toe.”举个🌰：

Many animals have five digits.

许多动物有五趾。

intervene

1）表示“干预，介入”，英文解释为“If you intervene in a situation, you become involved in it and try to change it.”举个🌰：

She might have been killed if the neighbours hadn't intervened.

要不是邻居介入，她可能会没命了。

2）表示“插话”，英文解释为“If you intervene, you interrupt a conversation in order to add something to it.”举个🌰：

He intervened and told me to stop it. 

他插话，不让我再说下去。

3）表示“干扰”，英文解释为“If an event intervenes, it happens suddenly in a way that stops, delays, or prevents something from happening.”举个🌰：

The boat arrived on Friday mornings unless bad weather intervened.

除非受到恶劣天气的干扰，船于星期五上午到达。

Apple's Face ID has been directly tested against 3D masks, by the way — when the company announced it in September 2017, the company said it had worked with professional mask makers to help train the neural networks used by Face ID. It's possible Apple devices use different components and algorithms for facial recognition than the terminals that Kneron tested.

相关术语

train 训练，test 测试，还有validate 验证，都是人工智能/机器学习里的专业术语，包括后面的 the neural networks 神经网络。

补充：

train有一个含义可以理解为“开发（天生的素质或才能）”，英文解释为“To train a natural quality or talent that someone has, for example, their voice or musical ability, means to help them to develop it.”举个🌰：

I see my degree as something which will train my mind and improve my chances of getting a job. 

我把我的学历视为开发心智、增加就业机会的东西。

But the fact that some facial recognition systems apparently can be fooled with just a mask is a good reminder that facial recognition technology has a long way to go before we can trust it to be as secure as it has promised to be. And there are also thorny issues like regulation that are still being figured out.

thorny

thorny /ˈθɔːnɪ/表示“棘手的；麻烦的；引起争议的”，英文解释为“causing difficulty or disagreement”，如：a thorny question/issue/problem 棘手的问题。

类似的：

knotty /ˈnɒtɪ/表示“复杂的；难以解决的；棘手的”（A knotty problem is complicated and difficult to solve.）如：a knotty problem 棘手的问题。

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