背景，不说了。只有痛心，和愤怒。
Relationship Between the Doctor and his Patient
Thrive Global
By Peter Lepham
The relationship between the doctor and his patient plays a very important role in the practice of medicine and is essential for the provision of high quality medical care in terms of diagnosis and treatment of the disease. The relationship between the doctor and his patient is one of the foundations of contemporary medical ethics.
1. play a very important role 扮演重要角色，起着重要作用
2. be essential for 完全必要的；必不可少的；极其重要的，举个🌰：
Money is not essential to happiness.
金钱对于幸福并非必不可少。
3. be one of the foundations of ...的基础之一，基石之一
Most medical schools teach their students from the beginning, even before they start receiving practical care instruction, to maintain a professional relationship with their patients, observing their dignity and respecting their privacy. The doctor, during the clinical interview, goes through a process together with the patient, where he needs:
这里提两个不常见的含义，
1）表示“庆祝；庆贺；欢度”，英文解释为“to celebrate festivals, birthdays, etc.”举个🌰：
Do they observe Christmas?
他们过不过圣诞节？
2）表示“遵守，奉行（规则、法律、习俗等）”，英文解释为“to obey rules, laws, etc. ”举个🌰：
The old people in the village still observe the local traditions.
村里的老人仍然遵守当地的传统。
· Establish a bond of trust and security with the patient (and their environment as well)· Collect information about the patient’s situation using different tools (interview and history, medical history, physical examination, interconsultation, complementary analyzes, etc.)· Organize, analyze and synthesize these data (to obtain diagnostic guidance)Design an action plan based on previous processes (treatment, advice, etc.)
synthesize /ˈsɪnθɪˌsaɪz/ 表示“合成”，英文解释为“to produce a substance by a chemical reaction in plants or animals”举个🌰：
There are many vitamins that the body cannot synthesize itself.
有很多维生素是人体自身无法合成的。
· Inform, raise awareness and treat the patient properly (also implies actions about their environment)· Reconsider the plan based on progress and expected results as planned (change of treatment, suspension, additional actions, etc.)· Discharge at the time of resolution of the disease (when possible), but tend to measures that maintain the status of health (recovery, adjuvants, palliative, etc.)
表示“准许（某人）离开；解雇”，英文解释为“to give sb official permission to leave a place or job; to make sb leave a job”举个🌰：
Patients were being discharged from the hospital too early.
病人都过早获准出院。
表示“解决；解除；消除”，英文解释为“the act of solving or ending a problem or difficulty”，如：a successful resolution to the crisis 危机的成功解决。
adjuvant /ˈædʒəvənt/ 表示“佐药；辅助物”，英文解释为“something that aids or assists; auxiliary”。
palliative /ˈpælɪətɪv, -iːətɪv/ 表示“治标药物；缓解剂；治标措施；保守疗法”，英文解释为“a medicine or medical treatment that reduces pain without curing its cause”。
· Any medical consultation must be registered in a document known as a medical history, a document with legal, educational, informative and scientific value, where the procedure of the medical professional is recorded.
The patient should be confident about the competence of his doctor and should feel that they can make confidences to him. For most doctors, it is important to establish good contact with the patient. There are some medical specialties such as psychiatry and family medicine, in which more emphasis is placed on the doctor-patient relationship than others such as pathology or radiology.
表示“精神病学”，英文解释为“Psychiatry is the branch of medicine concerned with the treatment of mental illness.”
表示“病理学”，英文解释为“Pathology is the study of the way diseases and illnesses develop.”
表示“放射医学”，英文解释为“Radiology is the branch of medical science that uses X-rays and radioactive substances to treat diseases.”
The quality of the relationship between the doctor and his patient is important for both parties. The better the relationship in terms of mutual respect, knowledge, trust, shared values and perspectives on diseases and life, and the time available, the better the quantity and quality of information about the patient’s disease that will be exchanged in both directions, improving the accuracy of the diagnosis and increasing the patient’s knowledge about the disease or condition. In those circumstances in which the relationship is poor, the doctor’s ability to perform a complete evaluation of the patient is compromised and the patient is more likely to distrust the diagnosis and the proposed treatment, reducing the chances of complying with medical advice. In these circumstances and in those cases in which there is a genuine difference of medical opinions, a second opinion may be obtained from another doctor or the patient may directly decide to change doctors.
1）表示“（为达成协议而）妥协，折中，让步”，英文解释为“to give up some of your demands after a disagreement with sb, in order to reach an agreement”举个🌰：
Neither side is prepared to compromise.
双方都不愿意妥协。
2）表示“违背（原则）；达不到（标准）”，英文解释为“to do sth that is against your principles or does not reach standards that you have set”举个🌰：
I refuse to compromise my principles.
我拒绝在原则问题上妥协。
3）compromise sb/sth/yourself 表示“（尤指因行为不很明智）使陷入危险，使受到怀疑”，英文解释为“to bring sb/sth/yourself into danger or under suspicion, especially by acting in a way that is not very sensible”举个🌰：
She had already compromised herself by accepting his invitation.
她接受了他的邀请，这件事已经使她的声誉受到了损害。
表示“遵从”，英文解释为“If someone or something complies with an order or set of rules, they do what is required or expected.”举个🌰：
Some beaches had failed to comply with environmental regulations.
一些海滩没能遵守环保规定。
The doctor can be seen as someone superior to the patient, since the doctor has the knowledge and titles. The doctor-patient relationship is also complicated by the suffering of the patient (patient has its roots in the Latin word patior, “suffering”) and his limited ability to relieve himself, potentially resulting in a state of despair and dependence from the doctor.A doctor should at least be aware of these differences in order to establish a connection and optimize communication with the patient.
表示“使优化”，英文解释为“To optimize a plan, system, or machine means to arrange or design it so that it operates as smoothly and efficiently as possible.”举个🌰：
The new systems have been optimized for running Microsoft Windows.
新系统已经被优化，以便运行微软Windows系统。
补充relieve oneselfe的另一种含义，表示“（去厕所的一种委婉说法）方便，解手”，英文解释为“a polite way of referring to going to the toilet ”举个🌰：
I had to relieve myself behind a bush.
我只好在树丛后面方便了一下。
A dilemma may arise in those situations in which for a variety of reasons, what constitutes the most efficient treatment (or avoiding treatment) does not match what the patient wants. In these cases, the doctor must choose between the patient’s health or other material benefits, and the doctor-patient relationship or other psychological or emotional aspect over the other.
There may be differences of opinion between the doctor and the patient as to how formal or informal the relationship between the doctor and the patient should be. In general, patients prefer to be called by their first name.- END -
LearnAndRecord
2015年2月8日
2019年12月28日
第1785天
每天持续行动学外语