孙杨回应被禁赛4年3个月

LearnAndRecord 2022-07-26

收录于合集 #跟着LR吃瓜学英语 707个

5月24日到28日第二次听证会结束后，国际体育仲裁法庭于昨日晚间宣布，中国游泳奥运冠军孙杨的8年禁赛减为4年3个月。

随后，在接受记者采访时，孙杨表示，“我一定会加油、坚持”、“其实我自己自身状态特别好”。

无注释原文：

China's Sun Yang Barred From Swimming for Four Years

The New York Times

A champion swimmer was suspended (again) for a violation of doping rules, but his four-year penalty will expire in only three.

Sun Yang, a three-time Olympic champion and one of China’s most celebrated athletes, had his eight-year suspension from swimming reduced to four years on Tuesday.

The ruling means Sun, 29, will miss this summer’s Olympics, but the timing of the penalty was structured in a way that would clear him to compete at the Paris Games in three years.

Sun’s case was heard by a panel of judges at the Court of Arbitration for Sport in Switzerland in May after his previous suspension, which had been heard by a different panel of arbitrators, was overturned in December.

The new penalty against Sun bars him from competition for 51 months — four years plus an additional three months that reflected an earlier doping violation in 2014. But the suspension was backdated so that it went into effect in February 2020; that means it will expire in May 2024, only weeks before the opening ceremony of the Paris Games.

Sun had initially been barred for eight years for refusing to submit blood and urine samples to doping officials, but his suspension was thrown out in December by Switzerland’s federal court. The court’s decision came after lawyers for Sun presented evidence that the chairman of the three-member panel that issued Sun’s suspension in February 2020 had made racist comments about China on social media.

The new ruling follows a pattern that has developed in recent years in which CAS, as the court is known, partially upholds previously administered penalties after an appeal. The court has in recent years reduced penalties issued to Russia for its state-sponsored doping program; those decisions will allow athletes to compete largely without obstacles in Tokyo this summer.

Sun, a six-time Olympic medalist and the first Chinese man to win a swimming gold medal at the Games, has waged a multiyear battle with the World Anti-Doping Agency to preserve his eligibility for international competition.

WADA brought a complaint against Sun to CAS in 2019 after swimming’s international governing body declined to penalize him for refusing to cooperate with three antidoping officials who had traveled to his home in China to collect blood and urine samples in September 2018.

The court, after a hearing in November 2019 that was marred by translation issues, agreed with the antidoping agency’s underlying claim that Sun had violated rules about tampering with or obstructing doping procedures.

The new ruling to reduce the penalty followed a second hearing that, unlike the first, was closed to the news media and the public.

- ◆ -

注：中文文本为机器翻译仅供参考，并非一一对应

含注释全文：

China's Sun Yang Barred From Swimming for Four Years

The New York Times

A champion swimmer was suspended (again) for a violation of doping rules, but his four-year penalty will expire in only three.

游泳冠军因违反兴奋剂规定而被停赛（再次），但他的四年处罚只需三年就会到期。

suspend

1）表示“暂停”，英文解释为“If you suspend something, you delay it or stop it from happening for a while or until a decision is made about it”举个🌰：

The union suspended the action this week.

工会本周暂停了这一行动。

2）表示“使停职”，英文解释为“If someone is suspended, they are prevented from holding a particular job or position for a fixed length of time or until a decision is made about them.”举个🌰：

Julie was suspended from her job shortly after the incident.

该事件发生后不久，朱莉被停职了。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述英国房价上涨的文章中提到：Britain has temporarily suspended stamp duty, a tax on buying houses. 英国已经暂停征收购房印花税。

dope

1）可以作动词，也可以作名词，表示“兴奋剂”，英文解释为“a drug that is taken by a person or given to an animal to affect their performance in a race or sport”举个🌰：

The athlete failed a dope test (= a medical test showed that he had taken such drugs).

这个运动员未能通过药检。

2）表示“麻醉剂，毒品（尤指大麻，在美国尤指海洛因）”，英文解释为“a drug that is taken illegally for pleasure, especially cannabis or, in the US, heroin.”

expire

表示“到期；失效”，英文解释为“When something such as a contract, deadline, or visa expires, it comes to an end or is no longer valid.”举个🌰：

He had lived illegally in the United States for five years after his visitor's visa expired.

访问签证到期后他在美国非法居住了5年。

📺动画片《超级大坏蛋》（Megamind）中的台词提到：Well, I think your warranty is about to expire. 估计你的微波炉保质期快到了。

Sun Yang, a three-time Olympic champion and one of China's most celebrated athletes, had his eight-year suspension from swimming reduced to four years on Tuesday.

三届奥运会冠军、中国最著名的运动员之一孙杨，其八年的游泳禁赛期周二被缩短为四年。

celebrated

表示“著名的，闻名的，驰名的”，英文解释为“famous for some special quality or ability”如：a celebrated opera singer 著名歌剧演唱家。

The ruling means Sun, 29, will miss this summer's Olympics, but the timing of the penalty was structured in a way that would clear him to compete at the Paris Games in three years.

这项裁决意味着29岁的孙杨将错过今夏的奥运会，但处罚的时间安排可以让他在三年后的巴黎奥运会上顺利参赛。

structure

表示“使形成体系；系统安排；精心组织”，英文解释为“to arrange or organize sth into a system or pattern”举个🌰：

How well does the teacher structure the lessons?

老师对课程组织安排得如何？

Sun's case was heard by a panel of judges at the Court of Arbitration for Sport in Switzerland in May after his previous suspension, which had been heard by a different panel of arbitrators, was overturned in December.

孙杨的案件由瑞士体育仲裁法庭（the Court of Arbitration for Sport）的一个法官小组于5月审理，此前他的禁赛令由另一个仲裁小组审理，并于12月被推翻。

hear

熟词僻义，表示“审理；听审；开审”，英文解释为“to listen to and judge a case in court”举个🌰：

The appeal was heard in private.

这件上诉案不公开审理。

Today the jury began to hear the evidence.

今天陪审团开始听证。

panel

表示“（选定的）专家小组；讨论小组”，英文解释为“a small group of people chosen to give advice, make a decision, or publicly discuss their opinions as entertainment”。

arbitrator

表示“仲裁人；公断人”，英文解释为“a person who is chosen to settle a disagreement”。

overturn

表示“（使）翻倒，（使）倾覆；打翻”，英文解释为“if you overturn something, or if it overturns, it turns upside down or falls over on its side”举个🌰：

His conviction was overturned by the Court of Appeal.

他的有罪裁决被上诉法院推翻了。

📺英剧《唐顿庄园》（Downton Abbey）第三季中的台词提到：Even then, would we have enough to overturn the verdict? 即使拿到证词，就真能推翻判决吗？

孙杨的新处罚，禁止他参加51个月的比赛--四年加上额外的三个月，这反映了他在2014年的一次兴奋剂违规。但停赛的时间被追溯到2020年2月；这意味着它将在2024年5月到期，离巴黎奥运会的开幕式只有几周时间。

bar

1）表示“挡（路）”，英文解释为“If you bar someone's way, you prevent them from going somewhere or entering a place, by blocking their path.”举个🌰：

She moved to bar his way.

她过去挡住了他的路。

2）表示“禁止，阻止”，英文解释为“If someone is barred from a place or from doing something, they are officially forbidden to go there or to do it.”举个🌰：

The players are barred from drinking alcohol the night before a match.

运动员在参赛前夜不得喝酒。

🎬电影《逆转王牌》（Runner Runner）中的台词提到：He said I'd be barred from re-entering the country.他说我下次回国时会被禁止入境。

backdate

表示“（实际生效日）追溯到”，英文解释为“If a document or an arrangement is backdated, it is valid from a date before the date when it is completed or signed.”举个🌰：

The contract that was signed on Thursday morning was backdated to May 1.

星期四上午所签的合同从5月1日起生效。

Sun had initially been barred for eight years for refusing to submit blood and urine samples to doping officials, but his suspension was thrown out in December by Switzerland's federal court. The court's decision came after lawyers for Sun presented evidence that the chairman of the three-member panel that issued Sun's suspension in February 2020 had made racist comments about China on social media.

孙杨最初因拒绝向兴奋剂检查官员提交血液和尿液样本而被禁赛八年，但他的禁赛令于12月被瑞士联邦法院撤销。法院的决定是在孙杨的律师提出证据后作出的，证明2020年2月发布孙杨禁赛令的三人小组的主席在社交媒体上发表了关于中国的种族主义言论。

urine

urine /ˈjʊərɪn/作为名词表示“尿”，英文解释：Urine is the liquid that you get rid of from your body when you go to the toilet. 举个🌰：

The doctor took a urine sample and a blood sample.

医生取了尿样和血样。

throw out

表示“拒绝接受，否决（计划或想法）；拒绝受理（案件）”，英文解释为“If people in authority throw out a plan, idea, case, etc. they refuse to accept or use it.”举个🌰：

The case was thrown out by the courts due to lack of evidence.

由于缺乏证据，法庭拒绝受理该案。

新的裁决遵循了近年来形成的一种模式，即体育仲裁法庭，在上诉后部分维持之前的处罚。近年来，该法庭减轻了对俄罗斯国家支持的兴奋剂项目的处罚；这些决定将使运动员在今年夏天的东京比赛中基本没有障碍。

uphold

表示“支持，维护，赞成（尤指法律上的决议）”，英文解释为“to defend or keep a principle or law, or to say that a decision that has already been made, especially a legal one, is correct”举个🌰：

You are expected to uphold the law whether you agree with it or not.

不管你赞成与否都应该维护法律。

孙杨曾六次获得奥运奖牌，也是首位在奥运会上拿到游泳金牌的中国男性，他与世界反兴奋剂机构（World Anti-Doping Agency，简称WADA）进行了多年斗争，以确保自己有资格参加国际比赛。

medalist/medallist

表示“奖牌获得者”，英文解释为“a person who has won a medal in sport”举个🌰：

She's a bronze medallist in judo.

她是柔道铜牌获得者。

wage

作名词，表示“工资，工钱，报酬”，此处作动词，表示“发动（战争）；组织，筹备（活动）”，英文解释为“to fight a war or organize a series of activities in order to achieve something”举个🌰：

They've been waging a long campaign to change the law.

他们为修改这一法律已组织发起了一场持久的运动。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇介绍拉美电商平台美卡多的文章中提到：The biggest is Amazon, against which his firm has waged a costly battle in Mexico. 最大的威胁来自亚马逊，美卡多与它在墨西哥展开了一场较量，代价高昂。

eligibility

表示“适任，合格；被选举资格；具备条件”，英文解释为“the fact of having the necessary qualities or satisfying the necessary conditions”。

🎬电影《追梦赤子心》（Rudy）中的台词提到：I've blown another year of eligibility. 我又失去了一年参赛的资格。

WADA brought a complaint against Sun to CAS in 2019 after swimming's international governing body declined to penalize him for refusing to cooperate with three antidoping officials who had traveled to his home in China to collect blood and urine samples in September 2018.

2019年，国际游泳管理组织未就孙杨拒绝与三名反兴奋剂官员合作一事对他进行惩罚，这三名官员曾前往他在中国的家中采集血液和尿液样本。那之后，WADA向体育仲裁法庭（CAS）对孙杨提起了诉讼。

complaint

1）表示“怨言；投诉”，英文解释为“A complaint is a statement in which you express your dissatisfaction with a situation.”举个🌰：

There's been a record number of complaints about the standard of service.

对服务水平的投诉数量空前。

2）表示“抱怨的缘由”，英文解释为“A complaint is a reason for complaining.”举个🌰：

My main complaint is that we can't go out on the racecourse anymore.

我抱怨的主要缘由是我们无法再去赛马场了。

3）表示“（尤指不严重的）疾病”，英文解释为“You can refer to an illness as a complaint, especially if it is not very serious.”举个🌰：

Eczema is a common skin complaint which often runs in families.

湿疹是一种常见的皮肤病，常会遗传。

The court, after a hearing in November 2019 that was marred by translation issues, agreed with the antidoping agency's underlying claim that Sun had violated rules about tampering with or obstructing doping procedures.

2019年11月，该法庭举行了一场被翻译问题影响的听证会，同意了反兴奋剂机构的基本指控，即孙杨违反了有关干预或阻碍兴奋剂管控的程序。

mar

表示“损坏；破坏；损伤”，英文解释为“to spoil something, making it less good or less enjoyable”举个🌰：

Sadly, the text is marred by careless errors.

很遗憾，这篇文章因一些粗心大意的错误而大为减色。

tamper

表示“干涉；篡改”，英文解释为“If someone tampers with something, they interfere with it or try to change it when they have no right to do so.”举个🌰：

I don't want to be accused of tampering with the evidence.

我不想被指控篡改证据。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇介绍比特币的文章中提到：The system’s dispersed nature means that tampering with the accounts would require gaining control over a majority of the network’s computers. 这个系统的分散性意味着要想篡改账本就必须取得网络中大部分计算机的控制权。

obstruct

表示“阻碍；阻止，阻挠；妨碍”，英文解释为“to try to stop something from happening or developing”如：to obstruct a police investigation 阻挠警方的调查。

The new ruling to reduce the penalty followed a second hearing that, unlike the first, was closed to the news media and the public.

新的减轻处罚裁决是在第二次听证会之后作出的，与第一次不同的是，这次听证会不对新闻媒体和公众开放。

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