不吃晚饭真的能瘦吗？

LearnAndRecord 2022-07-26

收录于合集 #跟着LR吃瓜学英语 707个

专家表示，不吃晚饭减肥不靠谱，甚至可能越减越肥。

无注释原文：

Skipping dinner might be making you gain weight, according to a study

INSIDER

Jan 19, 2021

A new large-scale study suggests that skipping dinner could result in weight gain and a higher likelihood of being overweight or obese.

For years, research has linked skipping breakfast with increased BMI (body mass index), but few studies have been carried out into the effect of the other meals of the day.

However, researchers at Osaka University, whose study assessed breakfast, lunch, and dinner habits, concluded that not eating dinner is a "significant predictor of weight gain and overweight/obesity."

The study followed 17,573 male and 8,860 female students over the age of 18 enrolled at Osaka University over an average of three years. As part of their annual check-ups, the students were asked how often they ate breakfast, lunch, and dinner.

Researchers also took into consideration the time of eating, whether participants' meal habits changed over the course of the study, and lifestyle factors like sleep, smoking, and drinking.

The number of students who said they sometimes skipped dinner was small, but the researchers found that those who did so all the time or occasionally were more likely to be older, more overweight, a smoker or drinker, to sleep for a shorter period of time, and skip other meals more frequently.

For both men and women, skipping lunch was more likely to coincide with all the same outcomes except having a higher BMI.

Skipping dinner, the researchers found, was "significantly associated" with weight gain of 10% or more, and having a BMI over 25, which is classed as overweight or obese.

It's worth pointing out that BMI has its limitations (someone who is incredibly muscular and lean can be classed as obese, for example), but when assessing a large population it's generally considered accurate enough as the outliers outweigh each other.

"These results suggest that skipping dinner, which was much less prevalent than skipping breakfast, has a stronger association with weight gain and overweight/obesity than skipping breakfast," the study said.

The researchers suggested that the reason skipping dinner could lead to weight gain is that it makes people hungrier so they end up eating more over the course of the day.

Another possible explanation, they said, is that dinner is typically a meal that lends itself to nutritious foods like lean proteins and vegetables, so skipping dinner may mean a lower quality diet.

The researchers note that their study had limitations: It should be repeated to assess a wider demographic, and they also didn't take into account factors like exercise, stress, or depression.

- ◆ -

注：中文文本为机器翻译仅供参考，并非一一对应

含注释全文：

Skipping dinner might be making you gain weight, according to a study

INSIDER

Jan 19, 2021

A new large-scale study suggests that skipping dinner could result in weight gain and a higher likelihood of being overweight or obese.

一项新的大规模研究表明，不吃晚餐可能会导致体重增加，而且超重或肥胖的可能性更高。

skip

skip比较熟悉的一个意思表示“跳，跳跃”，此处“不吃晚餐/午餐/早餐”，不做某事，用了这个词可以学习，也是本文的高频词。skip 表示“不做（应做的事等）；不参加；避免；省略”英文解释为“to not do sth that you usually do or should do”例如，不去上课/逃课就可以叫skip class，举个🌰：

I often skip breakfast altogether.

我常常干脆不吃早饭。

He decided to skip the afternoon's class.

他决定下午的课不去上了。

肥胖

📍obese 形容词性，表示“病态肥胖的；臃肿的”，英文解释为“very fat in a way that is unhealthy”；

📍overweight一般作形容词，表示人“体重超常的，过重的，肥胖的”（someone who is overweight is too heavy and fat），还可以指包裹等“超重的”（something such as a package that is overweight weighs more than it is supposed to weigh）。

📍obesity 名词，表示“肥胖（症）”，英文解释为“when someone is very fat in a way that is unhealthy”。

For years, research has linked skipping breakfast with increased BMI (body mass index), but few studies have been carried out into the effect of the other meals of the day.

多年来，研究已经将不吃早餐与BMI（身体质量指数）的增加联系起来，但是很少有研究对一天中的其他膳食的影响进行研究。

However, researchers at Osaka University, whose study assessed breakfast, lunch, and dinner habits, concluded that not eating dinner is a "significant predictor of weight gain and overweight/obesity."

然而，大阪大学（Osaka University）的研究人员评估了早餐、午餐和晚餐的习惯，得出结论认为，不吃晚餐是“体重增加和超重/肥胖的重要预测因素。”

predictor

表示“（可让人预报未来的事件或事实）预报性事物；预测器；预示物；预测因子”，英文解释为“something such as an event or fact that enables you to say what will happen in the future”。

📍上周，长期不读书会降低表达能力吗？文中刚出现这个词：For the older children — ages 12 to 17 — one of the largest predictors was whether they had time to read on their own during the school day. 而对于年龄较大的孩子（12岁至17岁）来说，最大的预测指标之一是，他们在校期间是否有时间自主阅读。

The study followed 17,573 male and 8,860 female students over the age of 18 enrolled at Osaka University over an average of three years. As part of their annual check-ups, the students were asked how often they ate breakfast, lunch, and dinner.

这项研究对大阪大学18岁以上的17573名男学生和8860名女学生进行了平均三年的跟踪调查。作为年度体检的一部分，这些学生被问及他们吃早餐、午餐和晚餐的频率。

enroll

表示“（使）加入；注册；招（生）；吸收”，英文解释为“If you enrol or are enrolled at an institution or in a class, you officially join it.”举个🌰：

I was enrolled at the University in 2016.

我是2016年上大学的。

check-up

表示“体检，健康检查”，英文解释为“a medical examination to test your general state of health”举个🌰：

She goes to her doctor for regular check-ups.

她去医生那里接受常规体检。

Researchers also took into consideration the time of eating, whether participants' meal habits changed over the course of the study, and lifestyle factors like sleep, smoking, and drinking.

研究人员还考虑了进食的时间，参与者的进食习惯是否在研究过程中发生了变化，以及睡眠、吸烟和喝酒等生活方式因素。

说他们有时不吃晚餐的学生人数不多，但研究人员发现，那些一直或偶尔这样做的人更有可能年龄较大，体重过重，吸烟或喝酒，睡眠时间较短，以及更频繁地不吃早午餐。

For both men and women, skipping lunch was more likely to coincide with all the same outcomes except having a higher BMI.

对于男性和女性来说，除了拥有较高的BMI外，不吃午餐与不吃晚餐的所有结果更相似。

coincide

1）表示“（两件或更多的事情）同时发生”，英文解释为“(of two or more events) to take place at the same time”举个🌰：

It's a pity our trips to Hangzhou don't coincide.

真遗憾我们不能同一时间去杭州旅行。

I timed my holiday to coincide with the children's.

我把我的假期安排在孩子们学校放假的时候。

2）表示“（想法、意见等）相同；相符；极为类似”，英文解释为“(of ideas, opinions, etc.) to be the same or very similar”举个🌰：

The interests of employers and employees do not always coincide.

雇主和雇员的利益并不总是一致的。

Skipping dinner, the researchers found, was "significantly associated" with weight gain of 10% or more, and having a BMI over 25, which is classed as overweight or obese.

研究人员发现，不吃晚餐与体重增加10%或更多，以及BMI超过25，即超重或肥胖有“显著关系”。

值得指出的是，BMI有其局限性（例如，一个肌肉发达且瘦小的人会被归类为肥胖），但是当评估一个大量人口时，它通常被认为是足够准确的，因为异常值相互抵消。

muscular

muscular /ˈmʌskjʊlə/ 表示“肌肉发达的；强壮的”，英文解释为“having large strong muscles”，如：肌肉损伤 muscular injuries。

区分：

📍molecular /məʊˈlɛkjʊlə/ 表示“分子的”，英文解释为“Molecular means relating to or involving molecules.”，如：the molecular structure of fuel 燃料的分子结构。

lean

表示“肉少的；瘦且健康的”，英文解释为“without much flesh; thin and fit”如：a lean, muscular body 清瘦而肌肉发达的身体。

outlier

表示“异于一般情况的人（或事物）；（统计）异常值；局外人（远离业务、职务）”，英文解释为“a person, thing, or fact that is very different from other people, things, or facts, so that it cannot be used to draw general conclusions”。

outweigh

1）表示“（在重要性或意义上）超过”，英文解释为“If one thing outweighs another, the first thing is of greater importance, benefit, or significance than the second thing.”举个🌰：

The advantages of this deal largely outweigh the disadvantages.

这笔交易的利远大于弊。

2）表示“比（某人）重”，英文解释为“If you outweigh someone, you are heavier than them.”举个🌰：

He outweighed her by about 20 kilograms.

他比她重约20千克。

“这些结果表明，与不吃早餐相比，虽然不吃晚饭没有那么普遍，但是其与体重增加和超重/肥胖有更强的关联，”该研究指出。

prevalent

表示“盛行的；普遍存在的”，英文解释为“A condition, practice, or belief that is prevalent is common.”举个🌰：

This condition is more prevalent in women than in men.

这种情况在女性中比在男性中更为普遍。

🎬电影《感谢你抽烟》（Thank you for smoking）中的台词提到：The health issue's way too prevalent. 健康问题太普遍了。

对比：

📍pervasive表示“到处存在的，到处弥漫着的，遍布的”，英文解释为“Something, especially something bad, that is pervasive is present or felt throughout a place or thing.”如：the pervasive influence of mobile phones in daily life 手机在日常生活中无处不在的影响。

The researchers suggested that the reason skipping dinner could lead to weight gain is that it makes people hungrier so they end up eating more over the course of the day.

研究人员建议，不吃晚餐可能导致体重增加的原因是，它使人们更加饥饿，所以他们最终在一天中吃得更多。

Another possible explanation, they said, is that dinner is typically a meal that lends itself to nutritious foods like lean proteins and vegetables, so skipping dinner may mean a lower quality diet.

他们说，另一个可能的解释是，晚餐通常是适合吃瘦肉蛋白和蔬菜等有营养的食物的一餐，所以不吃晚餐可能意味着饮食质量较低。

lend itself to

表示“适合于”，英文解释为“If something lends itself to something else, it is suitable for that thing or can be considered in that way.”举个🌰：

The novel's complex, imaginative style does not lend itself to translation. 小说复杂而充满想象力的风格无法翻译出来。

protein

表示“蛋白质”，英文解释为“one of the many substances found in food such as meat, cheese, fish, or eggs, that is necessary for the body to grow and be strong”。

The researchers note that their study had limitations: It should be repeated to assess a wider demographic, and they also didn't take into account factors like exercise, stress, or depression.

研究人员指出，他们的研究有局限性。它应该重复评估更广泛的人群，而且他们也没有考虑到运动、压力或抑郁等因素。

demographic

1）作形容词，表示“人口的；人口统计的；人口学的”，英文解释为“relating to demography (= the study of populations and the different groups that make them up)”举个🌰：

There have been monumental social and demographic changes in the country.

该国的社会和人口状况已经发生了巨大的变化。

2）作名词，表示“（顾客）族群”，英文解释为“a group of people, for example customers, who are similar in age, social class, etc.”举个🌰：

This demographic (young teenagers) is the fastest-growing age group using the site.

该族群（十几岁的年轻人）是使用这个网站人数增长最快的年龄群体。

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