中国首位空间站女航天员

今天下午，神舟十三号载人飞行任务发布会召开，经空间站阶段飞行任务总指挥部研究决定，瞄准北京时间 10 月 16 日 00 时 23 分发射神舟十三号载人飞船。

神舟十三号航天员乘组由航天员翟志刚、王亚平和叶光富组成，翟志刚担任指令长。航天员翟志刚是中国首位出舱航天员，航天员王亚平执行过神舟十号载人飞行任务，将成为中国空间站首位女航天员，而航天员叶光富是首次飞行。

无注释原文：

China set to send 3 astronauts on longest crewed mission yet

AP NEWS

China is preparing to send three astronauts to live on its space station for six months — a new milestone for a program that has advanced rapidly in recent years.

It will be China’s longest crewed space mission and set a record for the most time spent in space by Chinese astronauts. The Shenzhou-13 spaceship is expected to be launched into space on a Long March-2F rocket early Saturday morning from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on the edge of the Gobi Desert in northwestern China.

The first crew who served a 90-day mission aboard the main Tianhe core module of the space station returned in mid-September.

The new crew has two veterans of space travel. Pilot Zhai Zhigang, 55, performed China’s first spacewalk. Wang Yaping, 41, and the only woman on the mission, carried out experiments and led a science class in real-time while traveling on one of China’s earlier experimental space stations. Ye Guangfu, 41, will be traveling into space for the first time.

The mission is expected to continue the work of the initial crew, who conducted two spacewalks, and deployed a 10-meter (33-foot) mechanical arm.

China Manned Space Agency Deputy Director Lin Xiqiang said the rocket was fueled and ready to fly. “All systems conducting the Shenzhou-13 mission have undergone a comprehensive rehearsal. The flight crew is in good condition and our pre-launch preparations are in order,” Lin said at a Thursday briefing.

The crew’s scheduled activities include up to three spacewalks to install equipment in preparation for expanding the station, verifying living conditions in the module and conducting experiments in space medicine and other areas, Lin said.

China has released few details but says it will send multiple crews to the station over the next two years to make it fully functional. Shenzhou-13 will be the fifth mission, including trips without crews to deliver supplies.

When completed with the addition of two more modules — named Mengtian and Wentian — the station will weigh about 66 tons, a fraction of the size of the International Space Station, which launched its first module in 1998 and will weigh around 450 tons when completed. Lin said the two additional modules would be sent before the end of next year during the stay of the yet-to-be-named Shenzhou-14 crew.

China made plans to build its own space stations in the early 1990s and had two experimental modules before starting on the permanent station.

U.S. law requires congressional approval for contact between the American and Chinese space programs, but China is cooperating with space experts from countries including France, Sweden, Russia and Italy.

Lin said China was expanding such cooperation, with Ye Guangfu having undergone training with the European Space Agency in 2016, and European astronauts participating in China’s sea survival training in 2017.

“We welcome astronauts from other countries entering our space station and conducting international cooperation,” Lin said. “We believe that after the station enters the operation and utilization phase, more foreign astronauts will visit our station.”

China has launched seven crewed missions with a total of 14 astronauts aboard since 2003, when it became only the third country after the former Soviet Union and the United States to put a person in space on its own. Two Chinese astronauts have flown twice.

Along with its crewed missions, China has expanded its work on lunar and Mars exploration, including placing a rover on the little-explored far side of the Moon and returning lunar rocks to Earth for the first time since the 1970s.

China this year also landed its Tianwen-1 space probe on Mars, whose accompanying Zhurong rover has been exploring for evidence of life on the red planet.

- ◆ -

注：中文文本为机器翻译仅供参考，并非一一对应

含注释全文：

China set to send 3 astronauts on longest crewed mission yet

AP NEWS

China is preparing to send three astronauts to live on its space station for six months — a new milestone for a program that has advanced rapidly in recent years.

中国正准备派遣三名航天员在其空间站生活六个月--这对近年来迅速发展的太空计划来说是一个新的里程碑。

milestone

表示“里程碑；重大事件；转折点”，英文解释为“an important event in the development or history of something or in someone's life”举个🌰：

He felt that moving out of his parents' home was a real milestone in his life.

他感到搬出父母家是他一生中一个真正的转折点。

It will be China's longest crewed space mission and set a record for the most time spent in space by Chinese astronauts. The Shenzhou-13 spaceship is expected to be launched into space on a Long March-2F rocket early Saturday morning from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on the edge of the Gobi Desert in northwestern China.

这将是中国最长的载人太空任务，将创造中国航天员在太空中停留时间最长的记录。神舟十三号飞船预计将于周六凌晨从中国西北部戈壁滩（Gobi Desert）边缘的酒泉卫星发射中心用长征二号F火箭发射进入太空。

crew

1）作名词，表示“全体船员；全体机务人员”，英文解释为“The crew of a ship, an aircraft, or a spacecraft is the people who work on and operate it.”举个🌰：

The mission for the crew of the space shuttle is essentially over.

航天飞机全体机务人员的使命基本完成。

2）作名词，表示“一组工作人员”，英文解释为“A crew is a group of people with special technical skills who work together on a task or project.”如：a two-man film crew making a documentary 一个制作纪录片的两人摄制组。

3）作动词，表示“当船员；充当…的船员”，英文解释为“If you crew a boat, you work on it as part of the crew.”举个🌰：

This neighbour crewed on a ferryboat. 

这位邻居在一艘渡船上当船员。

The first crew who served a 90-day mission aboard the main Tianhe core module of the space station returned in mid-September.

在空间站天河核心舱上执行了90天任务的第一批航天员于9月中旬返回。

module

module /ˈmɒdjuːl/ 表示“（航天器独立的）舱”，英文解释为“a part of a spacecraft that can operate independently of the other parts, especially when separate from them”。

The new crew has two veterans of space travel. Pilot Zhai Zhigang, 55, performed China's first spacewalk. Wang Yaping, 41, and the only woman on the mission, carried out experiments and led a science class in real-time while traveling on one of China's earlier experimental space stations. Ye Guangfu, 41, will be traveling into space for the first time.

新乘组人员中有两位太空飞行的老手。55岁的航天员翟志刚进行了中国的第一次太空行走。王亚平，41岁，是这次任务中唯一的女性，在中国早期的一个试验性空间站飞行时，进行了实验并实时上了一堂科学课。41岁的叶光富将首次进入太空。

veteran

veteran /ˈvetərən/表示“老手，（在某方面）经验丰富的人”，英文解释为“someone who has had a lot of experience of a particular activity”，如：veteran leader/veteran journalist/actor/goalkeeper etc 资深领袖/资深记者/资深演员/经验丰富的守门员等。

The mission is expected to continue the work of the initial crew, who conducted two spacewalks, and deployed a 10-meter (33-foot) mechanical arm.

这次任务预计将继续先前乘组人员的工作，他们进行了两次太空行走，并部署了一个10米（33英尺）的机械臂。

deploy

1) 表示“利用，调动（尤指想法、论据等）”，英文解释为“to use something for a particular purpose, especially ideas, arguments etc”，如：a job in which a variety of professional skills will be deployed 要用到多项专业技术的工作。

2) 表示“部署，调度（士兵、军事装备等）”，英文解释为“to organize or move soldiers, military equipment etc so that they are in the right place and ready to be used”，如：deploy forces/troops/weapons etc，NATO's decision to deploy cruise missiles 北约要部署巡航导弹的决定。

China Manned Space Agency Deputy Director Lin Xiqiang said the rocket was fueled and ready to fly. “All systems conducting the Shenzhou-13 mission have undergone a comprehensive rehearsal. The flight crew is in good condition and our pre-launch preparations are in order,” Lin said at a Thursday briefing.

中国载人航天工程办公室副主任林西强说，火箭已加好燃料，准备发射。“执行神舟十三号飞行任务的各系统已完成测试和综合演练，航天员飞行乘组状态良好，发射前各项准备工作已基本就绪，”林西强在周四的新闻发布会上说。

rehearsal

rehearsal /rɪˈhɜːsəl/ 表示“排练，排演，彩排”，英文解释为“a time when all the people involved in a play, dance, etc. practise in order to prepare for a performance”。

The crew's scheduled activities include up to three spacewalks to install equipment in preparation for expanding the station, verifying living conditions in the module and conducting experiments in space medicine and other areas, Lin said.

林西强表示，乘组人员的预定活动包括最多三次太空行走，以安装设备，为扩大空间站做准备，验证舱内的生活条件，并进行空间医学和其他领域的实验。

verify

表示“核实；查对；核准；证明；证实”，英文解释为“to check that sth is true or accurate；to show or say that sth is true or accurate”举个🌰：

We have no way of verifying his story.

我们无法核实他所说的情况。

Her version of events was verified by neighbours.

她对这些事件的说法已得到邻居的证实。

China has released few details but says it will send multiple crews to the station over the next two years to make it fully functional. Shenzhou-13 will be the fifth mission, including trips without crews to deliver supplies.

中国公布的细节不多，但它表示将在未来两年向空间站派出多个乘组人员，使其充分发挥作用。神舟十三号将是第五次任务，包括无载人运送物资的飞行任务。

When completed with the addition of two more modules — named Mengtian and Wentian — the station will weigh about 66 tons, a fraction of the size of the International Space Station, which launched its first module in 1998 and will weigh around 450 tons when completed. Lin said the two additional modules would be sent before the end of next year during the stay of the yet-to-be-named Shenzhou-14 crew.

当名为“梦天”和“问天”两个实验舱建造完成后，空间站将重约66吨，而这只是国际空间站的一小部分，后者在1998年发射了第一个舱段，全部完成后将重约450吨。林西强表示，这两个额外的舱段将在明年年底前，在尚未命名的神舟十四号乘组人员停留期间发射。

fraction

表示“少量”，英文解释为“A fraction of something is a tiny amount or proportion of it.”举个🌰：

She hesitated for a fraction of a second before responding.

她犹豫了一下才回应。

China made plans to build its own space stations in the early 1990s and had two experimental modules before starting on the permanent station.

中国在20世纪90年代初制定了建造自己的空间站的计划，并在开始建造永久性空间站之前有两个实验舱。

U.S. law requires congressional approval for contact between the American and Chinese space programs, but China is cooperating with space experts from countries including France, Sweden, Russia and Italy.

美国法律规定，美国和中国太空项目之间的交流需要国会批准，但中国正在与来自法国、瑞典、俄罗斯和意大利等国的太空专家合作。

congressional

表示“（美国）国会的”，英文解释为“belonging or related to the US Congress”如：a congressional committee 国会委员会。

Lin said China was expanding such cooperation, with Ye Guangfu having undergone training with the European Space Agency in 2016, and European astronauts participating in China's sea survival training in 2017.

林西强表示，中国正在扩大这种合作，叶光富在2016年参加了欧洲空间局的培训，欧洲航天员在2017年参加了中国的海上生存培训。

undergo

表示“经历，经受，遭受”，英文解释为“if you undergo a change, an unpleasant experience etc, it happens to you or is done to you”举个🌰：

He underwent major surgery in 2020.

他在2020年时动过大手术。

“We welcome astronauts from other countries entering our space station and conducting international cooperation,” Lin said. “We believe that after the station enters the operation and utilization phase, more foreign astronauts will visit our station.”

“对于其他国家的航天员进入中国空间站，展开国际合作，我们持欢迎态度，”林西强表示。“相信在中国空间站完成建造，进入运营与应用发展阶段后，大家将会看到其他国家的航天员参与中国空间站的飞行。”

China has launched seven crewed missions with a total of 14 astronauts aboard since 2003, when it became only the third country after the former Soviet Union and the United States to put a person in space on its own. Two Chinese astronauts have flown twice.

自2003年以来，中国已经发射了7次载人任务，总共有14名航天员登上了空间站，当时中国成为继前苏联和美国之后第三个自行将人送入太空的国家。两名中国航天员已经两次登上太空。

Along with its crewed missions, China has expanded its work on lunar and Mars exploration, including placing a rover on the little-explored far side of the Moon and returning lunar rocks to Earth for the first time since the 1970s.

在执行载人任务的同时，中国还扩大了其在月球和火星探索方面的工作，包括在鲜有人涉足的月球远端部署了月球车，以及自1970年代以来首次将月球岩石送回地球。

rover

rover常见意思是“流浪者；漫游者”（a person who roves; wanderer），此处rover的英文解释为“a vehicle for exploring the surface of an extraterrestrial body (as the moon or Mars)”，即指部署在火星/月球上的探测器，即火星车/月球车，此前在「嗯，用不了多久...」一文中就提到美国的火星探测车（亦称为机遇号/机会号/火星探测漫游者-B，MER-B）因火星尘暴与地球“失联”3个多月时就这么表达：An American rover called Opportunity stopped working six months ago in a dust storm, but may revive if wind blows the dust off its solar panels.

📍此外，我们常听说的汽车品牌“路虎”的英文就是“Land Rover”。

Land Rover is a luxury car brand that specialises in four-wheel-drive vehicles, owned by British multinational car manufacturer Jaguar Land Rover, which has been owned by India's Tata Motors since 2008.（Wikipedia）

路虎是英国的全地形车和运动型多用途车品牌，隶属于捷豹路虎，总部位于英国考文垂怀特利（Whitley）。

China this year also landed its Tianwen-1 space probe on Mars, whose accompanying Zhurong rover has been exploring for evidence of life on the red planet.

今年中国的天问一号探测器还成功着陆火星，其配套的“祝融号”火星车一直在探索这个红色星球上是否存在生命的证据。

probe

在恏渏 亾類哋夲能文中提到了probe作名词有“探索；探查；查究；调查”的意思，英文解释为“an attempt to discover information by asking a lot of questions”，如：an FBI probe into corruption 联邦调查局对腐败的调查；也可以指“（医生或科学家用的）探针”，英文解释为“a long thin metal instrument that doctors and scientists use to examine parts of the body”。

📍此处probe解释为“探测器”，英文解释为：a device that is put inside something to test or record information. 如：a space probe 航天探测器/太空探测器。

🎬电影《像素大战》（Pixels）中的台词提到：That videotape will be placed in a space probe 录影带将放在太空探测器中。

此外，也可以作动词：

1）表示“调查；探寻”，英文解释为“If you probe into something, you ask questions or try to discover facts about it.”举个🌰：

The more they probed into his background, the more inflamed their suspicions would become.

他们越深入调查他的背景，对他的怀疑就会越强烈。

2）表示“用探针探查”，英文解释为“If a doctor or dentist probes, he or she uses a long instrument to examine part of a patient's body.”举个🌰：

He probed around the sensitive area.

他在敏感部位周围做了探查。

accompanying

表示“伴随的，陪伴的；和…一起发生（或存在）的”，英文解释为“appearing or going with someone or something else”。

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