2022首场流星雨就在今夜

LearnAndRecord 2022-07-26

收录于合集 #跟着LR吃瓜学英语 707个

2022年首场流星雨——象限仪座流星雨将于今晚来袭。据了解，最佳观测时间为3日晚至4日凌晨，最大流量为120颗/时。

无注释原文：

Quadrantids: Best meteor shower of the year to arrive in days - how to see it

INDEPENDENT

The Quadrantid meteor shower could be about to set the standard for 2022 – just days after it begins.

The spectacle will light up January’s cold and dark skies with as many as 50 meteors an hour.

It will peak on 3-4 January, with the brightest moment coming just before 9pm UK time (4pm EST) on 3 January. Relative to other meteor showers, the peak is especially key: within a couple of hours, the number of meteors drops by as much as 50 per cent.

Conditions for the show are especially good this year. It arrives not long after the New Moon, meaning that the sky should be especially dark.

And as with all meteor showers, no particular expertise or equipment is required to see it. Just head out somewhere dark if possible, look up to the sky and allow your eyes to adjust, which should mean you can spot the streaks of light as they shoot across the sky.

Meteor showers happen when the Earth passes through a cloud of debris left behind by comets and asteroids. As they collide with our atmosphere, they light up, streaking across the night sky.

The Quadrantids appear when Earth moves through debris left from the near-Earth asteroid (196256) 2003 EH1.. That might be the same extinct comet that was seen by Chinese astronomers more than 500 years ago.

They get their name from the constellation Quadrans Muralis, from which they appear to emerge, and which has since been abandoned and lives on primarily through the name of the meteor shower. Nowadays, the constellation where the lights appear to come from is known as Bootes.

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注：中文文本为机器翻译仅供参考，并非一一对应

含注释全文：

Quadrantids: Best meteor shower of the year to arrive in days - how to see it

INDEPENDENT

The Quadrantid meteor shower could be about to set the standard for 2022 – just days after it begins.

象限仪座流星雨可能即将成为2022年的标准--就在它开始的几天后。

Quadrantid

Quadrantid /ˈkwɒˌdræntɪd/ 表示“象限仪（座）流星”，英文解释为“any member of a meteor shower occurring annually around Jan 3 and appearing to radiate from a point in the constellation Boötes”。

meteor

meteor /ˈmiː.t̬i.ɔːr/ 表示“流星”，英文解释为“a piece of rock or other matter from space that produces a bright light as it travels through the atmosphere”

📍还有用shooting star / falling star 表示“流星”，英文解释为“a meteor (= a piece of rock from space that produces a bright light as it travels through the earth's atmosphere)”

📍meteor shower 表示“流星雨”，英文解释为“an occasion when a number of meteors (= pieces of matter in space that produce a bright light as they travel) move fast across the sky at night”举个🌰：

This could be the best meteor shower that anybody alive today will ever see.

这可能是目前世人可能看到的最棒的流星雨。

The spectacle will light up January's cold and dark skies with as many as 50 meteors an hour.

这一天文奇观将点亮1月寒冷而黑暗的天空，每小时有多达50颗流星。

spectacle

spectacle /ˈspɛktəkəl/ 表示“壮观场面；壮观景象”，英文解释为“a public event or show that is exciting to watch; an exciting appearance”举个🌰：

The carnival was a magnificent spectacle.

嘉年华场面十分壮观。

它将在1月3-4日迎来峰值，最亮的时刻将在英国时间1月3日晚上9点（美国东部时间下午4点）之前出现。相对于其他的流星雨，这个峰值是特别关键的：在几个小时内，流星的数量下降50%之多。

peak

表示“达到峰值”，英文解释为“When something peaks, it reaches its highest value or its highest level.”举个🌰：

Temperatures have peaked at over 90 degrees.

温度已达到峰值，超过了90度。

Conditions for the show are especially good this year. It arrives not long after the New Moon, meaning that the sky should be especially dark.

今年的观测条件极佳。它在新月之后不久到来，这意味着天空应该是特别黑暗的。

New Moon

表示“新月；新月期”，英文解释为“the moon when it is shaped like a crescent, or a time when it is shaped like this”举个🌰：

It was dark now and the sliver of a new moon could be seen overhead.

天黑了，一轮新月挂在空中。

和所有的流星雨一样，不需要特别的专业知识或设备就能看到它。如果可能的话，只需要到黑暗的地方去，抬头看看天空，让你的眼睛适应一下，这应该意味着你可以发现流星雨划过天际的一道道光痕。

expertise

表示“专门技能（知识）；专长”，英文解释为“a high level of knowledge or skill”举个🌰：

We admired the expertise with which he prepared the meal.

我们很羡慕他那一手烹调绝活。

streak

表示“条纹；条痕”，英文解释为“a long, thin mark that is easily noticed because it is very different from the area surrounding it”举个🌰：

Meteors produce streaks of light as they burn up in the earth's atmosphere.

流星在地球大气层中燃烧时会产生一道光痕。

📍下一段作动词，streak across the night sky 划过夜空，在夜空中留下痕迹。

Meteor showers happen when the Earth passes through a cloud of debris left behind by comets and asteroids. As they collide with our atmosphere, they light up, streaking across the night sky.

当地球通过彗星和小行星留下的碎片时，就会发生流星雨。当它们进入我们的大气层时，它们就会发光，在夜空中划过。

debris

表示“碎片，残片；残渣；垃圾；废弃物”，英文解释为“pieces of material that are not wanted and rubbish/garbage that are left somewhere”举个🌰：

Clear away leaves and other garden debris from the pond.

把池塘里的树叶和其他庭园垃圾清除干净。

comet

comet /ˈkɒmɪt/ 表示“彗星；扫帚星”，英文解释为“A comet is a bright object with a long tail that travels around the sun.”

asteroid

asteroid /ˈæstəˌrɔɪd/ asteroid表示“小行星”，英文解释为“one of the many small planets that move around the Sun, especially between Mars and Jupiter”

区分：

📍asterisk /ˈæs.tɚ.ɪsk/ 表示“星号*”，英文解释为：a mark like a star (*), used especially to show something interesting or important.

collide

表示“碰撞，相撞”，英文解释为“to hit something or someone that is moving in a different direction from you”，举个🌰：

Two trains collided head-on (= when they were moving directly towards each other ) .

两辆火车迎头相撞。

collide除了指物理上的碰撞，也可以表示“（不同的观念、想法等）碰撞（而产生有趣结果）”，举个🌰：

Istanbul is the place where East and West collide.

伊斯坦布尔是东西方文化交会的地方。

collide还有“（目标、观点或利益等）相抵触；相冲突”的意思，英文解释为“If the aims, opinions, or interests of one person or group collide with those of another person or group, they are very different from each other and are therefore opposed.”举个🌰：

The aims of the negotiators in New York again seem likely to collide with the aims of the warriors in the field.

纽约谈判者的目标看起来可能再次与战场上勇士们的目标相冲突。

参考阅读>>>揪心！重庆22路公交车与小车相撞后坠入江底

和collide类似的表达有：

📍crash表示“使…撞毁; 撞毁（撞车，坠机）”，英文解释为“If a moving vehicle crashes or if the driver crashes it, it hits something and is damaged or destroyed.”举个🌰：

Her car crashed into the rear of a van.

她的汽车撞毁了一辆面包车的尾部。

crash还表示“（发出巨响）猛撞，猛击”，英文解释为“to hit something or someone extremely hard while moving, in a way that causes a lot of damage or makes a lot of noise”，举个🌰：

We watched the waves crashing against the rocks.

我们看着海浪哗啦哗啦地冲击岩石。

📍smash表示“（使）猛撞，猛击，猛掷”，英文解释为“to hit an object or surface violently, or to make something do this”，举个🌰：

A stolen car smashed into the bus.

一辆被偷的汽车猛地撞上了公共汽车。

The bottle smashed against a wall.

那瓶子撞到了一面墙上。

smash还表示“打碎; 破碎”，英文解释为“If you smash something or if it smashes, it breaks into many pieces, for example, when it is hit or dropped.”，举个🌰：

Someone smashed a bottle.

有人打碎了一个瓶子。

当地球经过近地小行星（196256）2003 EH1留下的碎片时，象限仪座流星雨就会出现。这可能就是500多年前中国天文学家看到的那颗消失的彗星。

extinct

表示“灭绝的；绝种的；消失的”，英文解释为“not now existing”举个🌰：

There is concern that the giant panda will soon become extinct.

有人担心大熊猫不久就会灭绝。

astronomer

astronomer /əˈstrɑː.nə.mɚ/ 表示“天文学家”，英文解释为“someone who studies astronomy”

它们的名字取自象限仪座，它们似乎是从这个星座中出现的，此后该星座已被舍弃，主要以流星雨的名义继续存在。如今，这些光亮出现的星座被称为牧夫座（Bootes）。

constellation

constellation /ˌkɒnstəˈleɪʃn/ 1）表示“星座”，英文解释为“A constellation is a group of stars which form a pattern and have a name.”

2）表示“群英荟萃；人才济济；明星群集”，英文解释为“a group of famous or admired people all together in one place”举个🌰：

At our annual ceremony we had a whole constellation of movie stars and directors.

在我们的年度庆典上，影星导演济济一堂。

Quadrans Muralis

象限仪座（拉丁语：Quadrans Muralis）又称为四分仪座，是一个以古代用以测量星体位置的一种仪器为名的星座。1795年时天文学家拉朗德（Jérôme Lalande）将其加入了星座之列，在十九世纪的星图中，象限仪座位于武仙、天龙与牧夫座之间。著名的象限仪座流星雨即出现在本星座的区域内。但是在1920年代，国际天文联合会（International Astronomical Union, IAU）在重新制订现行的88个星座时，将象限仪座的大部分区域并入了牧夫座（Boötes），象限仪座从此成为历史名词。

Quadrans Muralis (Latin for mural quadrant) was a constellation created by the French astronomer Jérôme Lalande in 1795. It depicted a wall-mounted quadrant with which he and his nephew Michel Lefrançois de Lalande had charted the celestial sphere, and was named Le Mural in the French atlas. It was between the constellations of Boötes and Draco, near the tail of Ursa Major, containing stars between β Bootis (Nekkar) and η Ursae Majoris (Alkaid).

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