百度文心一言向全社会开放
今天，百度宣布生成式AI聊天机器人文心一言向全社会开放。
🤔️小作业：
1. Why might Baidu's decision to make Ernie Bot accessible to the general public be considered strategic?
a. To engage with potential investors for the company.
b. To collect vast amounts of user feedback to refine the chatbot.
c. To overshadow competing chatbots in the market.
d. To test the bot before making it available for businesses.
无注释原文：
China lets Baidu, others launch ChatGPT-like bots to public, tech shares jump
From: Reuters
Five Chinese tech firms, including Baidu Inc and SenseTime Group, on Thursday launched their artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots to the public after receiving government approval, as China's government pushes to widen the use of such products amid competition with the United States.
Baidu, China's leading online search provider, said in a statement that its ChatGPT-like chatbot, Ernie Bot, was now fully accessible to the public. A SenseTime spokesperson told Reuters via email that its chatbot, SenseChat, was also now "fully available to serve all users".
Three AI start-ups, Baichuan Intelligent Technology, Zhipu AI and MiniMax, also announced similar public launches on Thursday.
Shares in Baidu and SenseTime jumped in Hong Kong trade, gaining 2.1% and 2.3% respectively in a broader market that was trading 0.55% lower.
Unlike other countries, China requires companies to submit security assessments and receive clearance before releasing mass-market AI products.
Chinese media reported that a total of 11 firms had received approvals from the government, including TikTok owner ByteDance and Tencent Holdings. Neither company immediately responded to requests for comment about their AI plans.
Baidu's CEO Robin Li said on Thursday that by making Ernie Bot widely available, Baidu would "collect massive amount of valuable real-world human feedback" to further improve the chatbot.
Baidu also plans on releasing a series of "AI-native apps", the company said.
It is unclear whether Alibaba has received approval as of this week. But an Alibaba Cloud spokesperson told Reuters that the company had completed filings for its AI model, Tongyi Qianwen, and that the model was awaiting its official launch.
The person also said the company expected the regulators to release a list of companies with approvals within the coming week.
Being the first to market in China is considered critical for the country's cut-throat internet industry. Baidu's Ernie Bot topped the free app category on Apple's App Store in China on Thursday after the announcement.
"I think the ones that got approved have an early mover advantage to be able to fine-tune their product faster than competitors," Kai Wang, an analyst at Morningstar.
ChatGPT-maker OpenAI, which is backed by Microsoft, is on track to generate more than $1 billion in revenue over the next 12 months, tech-focused publication The Information reported on Tuesday.
China published a set of interim rules aimed at regulating generative AI products for the public that went into effect on Aug. 15.
Previously, companies were only allowed to conduct small-scale public tests of AI products but with the new rules, companies have widened their AI product tests by enabling more features and engaging in more marketing. Prior government approval is not needed for products targeting businesses.
Shawn Yang, an analyst at Blue Lotus Capital Advisors, said the government's move to greenlight AI products could spark consolidation in the industry.
"Many people were rushing into the large language model business," he said, "But the industry may soon consolidate. Only those with data and tech capability will be able to push forward."
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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考
含注释全文：
China lets Baidu, others launch ChatGPT-like bots to public, tech shares jump
From: Reuters
Five Chinese tech firms, including Baidu Inc and SenseTime Group, on Thursday launched their artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots to the public after receiving government approval, as China's government pushes to widen the use of such products amid competition with the United States.
周四，包括百度和商汤科技（SenseTime Group）在内的五家中国科技公司在获得政府批准后，向公众推出了其人工智能（AI）聊天机器人。在中美竞争的大背景下，中国政府正在积极推动此类产品的普及。
artificial
artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/ 1）表示“人造的，人工的；仿造的”，英文解释为“made by people, often as a copy of something natural”如：clothes made of artificial fibres 人造纤维面料的服装。
2）表示“虚假的，不真诚的;矫揉造作的”，英文解释为“not sincere”举个🌰：Their cheerfulness seemed rather strained and artificial. 他们的高兴表情看上去非常做作虚伪。
artificial intelligence /ˌɑː.tɪ.fɪʃ.əl ɪnˈtel.ɪ.dʒəns/ 表示“人工智能”，英文解释为“the study of how to produce machines that have some of the qualities that the human mind has, such as the ability to understand language, recognize pictures, solve problems, and learn”
Baidu, China's leading online search provider, said in a statement that its ChatGPT-like chatbot, Ernie Bot, was now fully accessible to the public. A SenseTime spokesperson told Reuters via email that its chatbot, SenseChat, was also now "fully available to serve all users".
作为中国领先的在线搜索服务提供商，百度在一份声明中表示，其类似于ChatGPT的聊天机器人文心一言（Ernie Bot）现已完全向公众开放。商汤科技的发言人通过电子邮件告诉路透社，其聊天机器人商量（SenseChat）也已“完全开放，为所有用户提供服务”。
accessible
1）表示“可进入的，可接近的；可得到的”，英文解释为“able to be reached or easily got”举个🌰：The resort is easily accessible by road, rail, and air. 这个旅游胜地交通便利，坐汽车、火车和飞机都可以到达。
2）表示“可以理解的；易懂的”，英文解释为“easy to understand”举个🌰：He is a choreographer who believes in making dance accessible. 作为一个舞蹈编导，他为应该使舞蹈通俗易懂。
Three AI start-ups, Baichuan Intelligent Technology, Zhipu AI and MiniMax, also announced similar public launches on Thursday.
百川智能、智谱AI和MiniMax三家人工智能初创公司也在周四发布了类似消息。
start-up
start-up /ˈstɑːt.ʌp/ 表示“刚起步的小企业，新兴小型企业”，英文解释为“a small business that has just been started”举个🌰：Start-ups are very vulnerable in the business world. 商界中刚起步的小企业非常脆弱。
Shares in Baidu and SenseTime jumped in Hong Kong trade, gaining 2.1% and 2.3% respectively in a broader market that was trading 0.55% lower.
百度和商汤科技的股价在港股交易时段大幅上涨，分别上涨2.1%和2.3%，而大盘下跌0.55%。
Unlike other countries, China requires companies to submit security assessments and receive clearance before releasing mass-market AI products.
与其他国家不同，中国要求公司在发布面向大众市场人工智能产品之前提交安全评估并获得许可。
mass-market
mass market /ˌmæs ˈmɑː.kɪt/ 表示“大众市场的”，英文解释为“used to refer to something that is made to be sold to as many people as possible”
Chinese media reported that a total of 11 firms had received approvals from the government, including TikTok owner ByteDance and Tencent Holdings. Neither company immediately responded to requests for comment about their AI plans.
中国媒体报道称，共有11家公司获得了政府的批准，包括TikTok母公司字节跳动和腾讯控股。两家公司都没有立即回应就其人工智能计划置评的请求。
Baidu's CEO Robin Li said on Thursday that by making Ernie Bot widely available, Baidu would "collect massive amount of valuable real-world human feedback" to further improve the chatbot.
百度首席执行官李彦宏周四表示，通过广泛推广文心一言，百度将“收集大量有价值的真实人类反馈”，以进一步改进该聊天机器人。
Baidu also plans on releasing a series of "AI-native apps", the company said.
该公司表示，百度还计划发布一系列“人工智能原生应用”。
It is unclear whether Alibaba has received approval as of this week. But an Alibaba Cloud spokesperson told Reuters that the company had completed filings for its AI model, Tongyi Qianwen, and that the model was awaiting its official launch.
截至本周，尚不清楚阿里巴巴是否获得了批准。但阿里云发言人告诉路透社，该公司已完成了人工智能模型通义千问的申报，该模型正在等待正式发布。
as of/from
表示“自…起；到...时候为止”，英文解释为“starting from a particular time or date”举个🌰：As of next month, all the airline's fares will be going up. 自下月起，所有航空公司的机票价格都将上调。
The person also said the company expected the regulators to release a list of companies with approvals within the coming week.
该人士还表示，该公司预计监管机构将在未来一周内公布一份获得批准的公司名单。
Being the first to market in China is considered critical for the country's cut-throat internet industry. Baidu's Ernie Bot topped the free app category on Apple's App Store in China on Thursday after the announcement.
在中国竞争激烈的互联网行业，成为第一家进入中国市场的公司被认为至关重要。发布声明后，百度的文心一言在当天苹果App Store中国区中的免费应用类别中排名第一。
cut-throat
表示“竞争激烈的；残酷无情的；不公的”，英文解释为“in which people compete with each other in aggressive and unfair ways”
"I think the ones that got approved have an early mover advantage to be able to fine-tune their product faster than competitors," Kai Wang, an analyst at Morningstar.
晨星（Morningstar）分析师王凯（Kai Wang，音译）说，“我认为那些获得批准的公司具有先发优势，能够比竞争对手更快地微调产品。”
fine-tune
fine-tune /ˌfaɪnˈtʃuːn/ 表示“对…进行微调”，英文解释为“to make very small changes to something in order to make it work as well as possible”举个🌰：She spent hours fine-tuning her speech. 她花了好几个小时对自己的讲稿作细微的修改润饰。
ChatGPT-maker OpenAI, which is backed by Microsoft, is on track to generate more than $1 billion in revenue over the next 12 months, tech-focused publication The Information reported on Tuesday.
周二，据科技出版物《The Information》报道，由微软投资的ChatGPT制造商OpenAI在未来12个月内的收入预计将超过10亿美元。
China published a set of interim rules aimed at regulating generative AI products for the public that went into effect on Aug. 15.
中国发布了一套旨在规范面向公众的生成式人工智能产品的暂行规定，该规定于8月15日生效。
interim
interim /ˈɪn.tər.ɪm/ 表示“暂时的，过渡时期的”，英文解释为“temporary and intended to be used or accepted until something permanent exists”如：an interim solution 暂时的解决办法。
Previously, companies were only allowed to conduct small-scale public tests of AI products but with the new rules, companies have widened their AI product tests by enabling more features and engaging in more marketing. Prior government approval is not needed for products targeting businesses.
此前，公司只能够对AI产品进行小规模的公开测试，但新规定下，公司扩大了其AI产品测试，启用了更多的功能，并加大了推广力度。针对企业的产品，不需要事先获得政府批准。
Shawn Yang, an analyst at Blue Lotus Capital Advisors, said the government's move to greenlight AI products could spark consolidation in the industry.
蓝莲花资本顾问有限公司（Blue Lotus Capital Advisors）分析师杨升（Shawn Yang，音译）表示，政府批准AI产品的举措可能会引发该行业的整合。
lotus
lotus /ˈləʊ.təs/ 表示“莲花”，英文解释为“a type of tropical water lily (= a plant with large, flat leaves that float on the surface of lakes and pools)”
consolidation
consolidation /kənˌsɒl.ɪˈdeɪ.ʃən/ 1）表示“合并，联合”，英文解释为“the process in which businesses join together to make a single organization”举个🌰：We have seen a similar consolidation of booksellers and distributors. 我们也看到了书商与发行商的合并。
2）表示“巩固；变坚固”，英文解释为“the act of consolidating or state of being consolidated”
"Many people were rushing into the large language model business," he said, "But the industry may soon consolidate. Only those with data and tech capability will be able to push forward."
他说：“很多人都涌入了大语言模型业务，但这个行业可能很快会整合。只有那些拥有数据和技术能力的人才能够继续推进。”
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