愿平安！
2023年12月18日23时59分，甘肃省临夏州积石山县发生6.2级地震，震源深度10公里。
无注释原文：
Earthquake Kills More Than 100 in Northwestern China
From: The New York Times
An earthquake killed at least 126 people in a mountainous area of northwestern China, officials and state media said on Tuesday, crumpling buildings while residents slept inside and sending people rushing into a frigid night.
Rescuers were searching for survivors in rural Jishishan County in Gansu Province, the epicenter of the quake, officials from Gansu said at a news conference on Tuesday. They said the quake, which struck at 11:59 p.m. on Monday, had killed 105 people in the province and injured nearly 400 others.
Eleven people in the city of Haidong in neighboring Qinghai Province were also killed, according to the state-run Xinhua News Agency.
The quake had a magnitude of 5.9, according to the United States Geological Survey, though it was measured at 6.2 by the China Earthquake Administration. Photos and videos shared by state media showed brick village houses that had caved in, and bedrooms buried in rubble. Hours later, rescuers were still digging people out, according to CCTV, the state broadcaster.
The quake damaged nearly 5,000 houses and knocked out water, electricity and transportation links in some parts of Gansu, which, like much of the country, is enduring a cold snap. The temperature in Jishishan during the quake was almost -20 degrees Celsius, or about -4 degrees Fahrenheit, according to state media.
In interviews with state media outlets, residents recounted being jolted awake and fleeing into the cold with barely enough time to grab extra layers of clothing. Photos showed people in a plaza wrapped in thick comforters.
On social media, people who said they were at the quake site reported that they had started bonfires in their yards or set fire to cardboard boxes to keep warm. They described the shock of finding out that neighbors or friends had died, and trying to assess the damage to their homes.
Several residents told Jimu News that they expected to spend the night in their cars, driving away from the epicenter. In Gansu’s provincial capital, Lanzhou, 100 miles away, a college student told The Paper that the closets in her eighth-floor dorm room had shaken, and that students had felt aftershocks as they fled downstairs from the initial quake.
Some risked running back into the building later for more clothing because of the cold, she said.
On Tuesday morning, rescue workers had set up rows of tents in the main squares of villages affected by the quake, according to CCTV. They were rushing to deliver tens of thousands of cots, blankets, mattresses and coats.
Villagers livestreaming on social media on Tuesday reassured each other that they would rebuild together.
Since 1900, there have been three earthquakes of magnitude 6.0 or above, as measured by China, within a 120-mile radius of the Monday quake, state media said.
Parts of Gansu fall within an earthquake-prone belt that runs from Mongolia in the north to Myanmar in the south, Xu Xiwei, a professor at the China University of Geosciences, told state media. Many houses in the area may not be built sturdily enough to resist earthquakes, and the fact that the quake struck late at night likely made it harder for people to escape, adding to the casualties, Professor Xu said.
The State Council, China’s cabinet, and the National Health Commission deployed teams to the site to oversee rescue operations, CCTV said.
At 9:46 a.m. on Tuesday, China reported another quake, of magnitude 5.5, in the far western region of Xinjiang, about 1,800 miles west of Jishishan. Information about casualties was not immediately available.
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注：中文文本为纽约时报官方译文，仅供参考
含注释全文：
Earthquake Kills More Than 100 in Northwestern China
From: The New York Times
An earthquake killed at least 116 people in a mountainous area of northwestern China, officials and state media said on Tuesday, crumpling buildings while residents slept inside and sending people rushing into a frigid night.
周二，根据政府官员和官方媒体的说法，在中国西北部山区发生的地震造成至少126人死亡。房屋垮塌之时居民正在睡觉，这迫使许多人在寒冷的夜晚急忙冲出家门。
crumple
crumple /ˈkrʌm.pəl/ 1）表示“倒下；瘫倒”，英文解释为“If someone crumples, they fall to the ground suddenly.”举个🌰：The bullet hit him and he crumpled into a heap on the floor. 他中了弹，瘫倒在地上蜷作一团。
2）表示“（使）起皱”，英文解释为“to become, or cause something to become, full of folds that are not equal in size”举个🌰：This shirt crumples easily 这件衬衫很容易起皱。
frigid
frigid /ˈfrɪdʒɪd/ 1）表示“ 寒冷的；严寒的”，英文解释为“very cold”，如：frigid air 冰冷的空气。
2）表示“冷淡的”，英文解释为“not showing any feelings of friendship or kindness”，如：a frigid voice 冷冰冰的声音。
Rescuers were searching for survivors in rural Jishishan County in Gansu Province, the epicenter of the quake, officials from Gansu said at a news conference on Tuesday. They said the quake, which struck at 11:59 p.m. on Monday, had killed 105 people in the province and injured nearly 400 others.
甘肃官员在周二的新闻发布会上表示，救援人员正在位于震中的甘肃省积石山县的农村地区寻找幸存者。他们称地震于周一晚11点59分发生，甘肃已有105人丧生，近400人受伤。
epicenter
epicenter/ˈepɪsentə(r)/ 原意表示“（地震）震中；（原子弹爆炸的）中心，爆炸点”，英文解释为“the point on the earth's surface directly above an earthquake or atomic explosion”，也用来表示“中心；中枢”，比如“the epicenter of world finance”。
quake
quake /kweɪk/ 表示“地震”，earthquake的非正式说法。
Eleven people in the city of Haidong in neighboring Qinghai Province were also killed, according to the state-run Xinhua News Agency.
官方媒体新华社报道称，毗邻甘肃的青海省海东市也有11人死亡。
The quake had a magnitude of 5.9, according to the United States Geological Survey, though it was measured at 6.2 by the China Earthquake Administration. Photos and videos shared by state media showed brick village houses that had caved in, and bedrooms buried in rubble. Hours later, rescuers were still digging people out, according to CCTV, the state broadcaster.
根据美国地质调查局监测，此次地震的震级为5.9级，但中国地震局的测定为6.2级。官媒发出的照片和视频显示，村里的砖房已经倒塌，居民的卧室成为一堆瓦砾。中央电视台报道称，地震数小时后救援人员仍在废墟中挖人。
magnitude
magnitude /ˈmæɡnɪtjuːd/ 1）表示“（尺寸、规模、重要性等）大的程度；巨大；重大，重要性”，英文解释为“the large size or importance of something”举个🌰：They don't seem to grasp the magnitude of the problem. 他们似乎未领会问题的重要性。
2）表示“震级”（the size of an earthquake）。
geological
geological /ˌdʒi.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/ 表示“地质的；地质学的”，英文解释为“relating to geology, or to the geology of a particular area or place”如：a geological survey/map 地质勘察/图。
brick
brick /brɪk/ 表示“砖”，英文解释为“a rectangular block of hard material used for building walls and houses”举个🌰：The chimney was made of bricks. 烟囱是用砖砌的。
📍在iPhone 15“重大更新”：换上USB-C接口文中提到：What you won't find in the box is a USB-C charging brick that plugs into a wall outlet. 苹果公司不会随盒附赠可以插入墙上插座的USB-C电源适配器。此处charging brick指的是充电器的插头部分，即我们通常所说的“充电头”或“充电适配器”。
cave in
cave /keɪv/ in 表示“塌陷；坍塌；塌方”，英文解释为“If a ceiling, roof, or other structure caves in, it breaks and falls into the space below.”举个🌰：Because of the explosion, the roof of the building caved in, trapping several people. 由于发生爆炸，建筑物的顶部坍塌，有几个人被困在了里面。
rubble
rubble /ˈrʌb.əl/表示“（房屋倒塌或被毁后留下的）瓦砾堆，碎砖烂瓦，碎石”，英文解释为“the piles of broken stone and bricks, etc. that are left when a building falls down or is destroyed”举个🌰：The bomb reduced the house to rubble. 炸弹把这座房屋炸成了一堆瓦砾。
区分：
📍rubber表示“橡胶；合成橡胶”， 英文解释为“an elastic substance (= that stretches) made either from the juice of particular tropical trees or artificially”。
The quake damaged nearly 5,000 houses and knocked out water, electricity and transportation links in some parts of Gansu, which, like much of the country, is enduring a cold snap. The temperature in Jishishan during the quake was almost -20 degrees Celsius, or about -4 degrees Fahrenheit, according to state media.
地震还导致甘肃部分地区近5000栋房屋受损，并出现停水停电和交通中断的情况。甘肃和中国大部分地区一样正在遭遇寒潮。据官方媒体报道，地震发生时积石山县的气温逼近零下20摄氏度。
knock out
1）表示“使失去知觉；使昏昏欲睡”，英文解释为“To knock someone out means to cause them to become unconscious or to go to sleep.”举个🌰：The three drinks knocked him out. 这3杯酒让他昏昏欲睡。
2）表示“淘汰”，英文解释为“If a person or team is knocked out of a competition, they are defeated in a game, so that they take no more part in the competition.”举个🌰：He got knocked out in the first inning. 他在第1局就被淘汰了。
3）表示“破坏；使（设备等）无用；毁坏”，英文解释为“If something is knocked out by enemy action or bad weather, it is destroyed or stops functioning because of it.”举个🌰：Our bombers have knocked out the mobile launchers. 我们的轰炸机已经破坏了那些移动发射台。
📍我们说的KO实际上就是knockout的缩写（KO is an abbreviation for knockout）。knockout 表示“（拳击中的）击倒获胜；击败对手的一击；击倒对手获胜”，英文解释为“a blow that makes an opponent fall to the ground and be unable to get up, so that he or she loses the fight”。
cold snap
cold snap /ˈkəʊld ˌsnæp/ 表示“寒汛期；寒，骤冷”，英文解释为“a short period of cold weather”
In interviews with state media outlets, residents recounted being jolted awake and fleeing into the cold with barely enough time to grab extra layers of clothing. Photos showed people in a plaza wrapped in thick comforters.
在接受官媒采访时，居民讲述了他们如何被地震震醒，随后逃到寒冷的户外，几乎没有时间多拿几件衣服。图片显示一处广场上许多人裹着厚被子。
outlet
outlet/outlets一词经常出现，media outlet / news outlets 都可以表示媒体/新闻机构；outlet本身表示“商店，商行；销售公司；专卖店；直销店”，英文解释为“An outlet is a shop or organization which sells the goods made by a particular manufacturer or at a discount price, often direct from the manufacturer.”如：a fast-food outlet 快餐店 a retail outlet 零售店，举个🌰：At the factory outlet you'll find discounted items at up to 75% off regular prices. 在工厂的直销店里，你会找到比常规价低75%的打折商品。
📍而我们日常生活中常见的“奥特莱斯”商场就是outlets的音译，指的就是品牌直销购物中心。
此外，也可以指“（情绪或精力的）发泄方式，发泄途径，施展的机会”，英文解释为“a way in which emotion or energy can be expressed or made use of”举个🌰：Her work provided no outlet for her energies and talents. 她的工作没有给她提供发泄精力及施展才华的机会。
📍美式英语里还可以表示“电源插座（同 power point）”。
recount
recount /rɪˈkaʊnt/表示“讲述；叙述；描述”，英文解释为“to describe how something happened, or to tell a story”举个🌰：He recounted his adventures since he had left home. 他讲述了离家以后的很多奇遇。
📍recount一词此前在《摩登情爱》：良莠不齐但时显魅力一文中出现过，A flashback-driven episode starring Dev Patel and Catherine Keener, in which the two leads recount stories of love and regret, is ultimately more effective. 在由戴夫·帕特尔（Dev Patel）和凯瑟琳·基纳（Catherine Keener）主演的倒叙一集中，两个主角讲述了爱与遗憾的故事，最终效果更好。
📍在EDG夺冠后翻译小姐姐火了也提到：As the longest-tenured player on EDward Gaming, he recounts how surreal it is to finally have this trophy. 作为在EDG任职时间最长的选手，他讲述了最终拥有这个奖杯是多么的梦幻。
jolt
jolt /dʒəʊlt/ 作名词，1）表示“震动，剧烈晃动；颠簸”，英文解释为“a sudden violent movement”举个🌰：As the plane touched the ground, there was a massive jolt and we were thrown forwards. 飞机着陆时剧烈震动，我们被猛地甩向前方。
2）表示“（一阵强烈的感情）震惊，惊讶”，英文解释为“an unpleasant shock or surprise”举个🌰：His self-confidence took a sudden jolt with the news that he had not been selected. 他未被选中的消息使他的自信心遭受意外打击。
grab
grab /ɡræb/ 1）表示“攫取，抢夺”，英文解释为“to take hold of something or someone suddenly and roughly”举个🌰：A mugger grabbed her handbag as she was walking across the park. 她穿过公园时一个劫匪抢了她的手提包。
2）表示“抓住，利用（机会做某事）；（借机）赶紧…”，英文解释为“to take the opportunity to get, use, or enjoy something quickly”举个🌰：If you don't grab this opportunity, you might not get another one. 如果你不抓住这次机会，可能就没有第二次了。
📍grab sb's attention 表示“吸引（某人的）注意”，英文解释为“to attract someone's attention”举个🌰：With your first sentence you must grab the reader's attention. 你的第一句话就必须抓住读者的注意力。
plaza
plaza /ˈplɑːzə/ 1）表示“（城市建筑群中的）购物区，购物中心”，英文解释为“a group of buildings including shops, designed as a single development within a town”；
2）表示“（西班牙语国家城镇中的）露天广场”，英文解释为“an open area or square in a town, especially in Spanish-speaking countries”。
wrap
wrap /ræp/ 1）表示“（用纸、布或其他材料）包，裹”，英文解释为“to cover or surround something with paper, cloth, or other material”举个🌰：She wrapped the present and tied it with ribbon. 她把礼物包起来并用丝带绑好。
2）表示“用…包裹;用…覆盖”，英文解释为“to cover someone with a piece of material in order to protect them”举个🌰：She wrapped the baby in a blanket. 她用一条毯子把婴儿包起来。
comforter
comforter /ˈkʌm.fə.tər/ 表示“（大的）羽绒被；盖被”，英文解释为“a large, soft, flat bag filled with feathers or artificial material, used on a bed”
On social media, people who said they were at the quake site reported that they had started bonfires in their yards or set fire to cardboard boxes to keep warm. They described the shock of finding out that neighbors or friends had died, and trying to assess the damage to their homes.
自称是地震亲历者的人在社交媒体上透露，他们在院里生起篝火，或是通过烧纸箱来取暖。他们形容当听到邻居或朋友去世的消息自己有多么震惊，他们也在试图评估自家受损的情况。
bonfire
bonfire /ˈbɒn.faɪər/ 表示“（为焚烧废弃物或为娱乐而燃起的）火堆，篝火，营火”，英文解释为“a large fire that is made outside to burn unwanted things, or for pleasure”
cardboard
cardboard /ˈkɑːd.bɔːd/ 表示“（尤指制作盒子的）硬纸板，卡纸板”，英文解释为“material like very thick, stiff paper, usually pale brown in colour, used especially for making boxes”如：a cardboard box 硬纸板盒。
Several residents told Jimu News that they expected to spend the night in their cars, driving away from the epicenter. In Gansu’s provincial capital, Lanzhou, 100 miles away, a college student told The Paper that the closets in her eighth-floor dorm room had shaken, and that students had felt aftershocks as they fled downstairs from the initial quake.
一些居民告诉极目新闻，他们准备驱车离开震中区域，并在车中过夜。而在约160公里外的甘肃省会兰州市，一名大学生对上海媒体澎湃新闻表示，她所在八楼宿舍的柜子都在晃，同学们在刚开始地震时逃到楼下，并且感受到了余震。
closet
closet /ˈklɒz.ɪt/ 表示“（尤指放衣服的）壁橱，壁柜，储藏室”，英文解释为“a cupboard or a small room with a door, used for storing things, especially clothes”如：a bedroom/linen/storage closet 卧室壁橱/家庭日用织品柜橱/储藏室。
aftershock
aftershock /ˈɑːf.tə.ʃɒk/ 表示“（地震后的）余震”，英文解释为“a sudden movement of the earth's surface that often follows an earthquake and is less violent than the first main movement”举个🌰：The initial earthquake was followed by a series of aftershocks. 初震后又发生了一系列的余震。
Some risked running back into the building later for more clothing because of the cold, she said.
她说因为天很冷，有人后来还冒险跑回宿舍拿衣服。
On Tuesday morning, rescue workers had set up rows of tents in the main squares of villages affected by the quake, according to CCTV. They were rushing to deliver tens of thousands of cots, blankets, mattresses and coats.
周二早上，救援人员已在受灾村庄的主要广场上搭起了一排排帐篷。他们正忙着运送大量折叠床、棉被、床垫和大衣。
cot
cot /kɒt/ 表示“<英>（有围栏的）幼儿床；<美>行军床，折叠床”，英文解释为“a small bed for a baby or young child with high bars around the sides so that the child cannot fall out”
mattress
mattress /ˈmæt.rəs/ 表示“床垫，褥垫”，英文解释为“the part of a bed, made of a strong cloth cover filled with firm material, that makes the bed comfortable to lie on”
Villagers livestreaming on social media on Tuesday reassured each other that they would rebuild together.
有村民周二开始在社交媒体上直播，他们给彼此打气，称一定要携手重建家园。
livestream
livestream/live-stream /ˈlaɪv.striːm/表示“互联网直播，线上直播，流直播”，英文解释为“to broadcast video and sound of an event over the internet as it happens, or to be broadcast in this way”。
reassure
reassure /ˌriːəˈʃʊə(r)/ 表示“使…安心；打消…的疑虑”，英文解释为“to say or do sth that makes sb less frightened or worried”举个🌰：They tried to reassure her, but she still felt anxious. 他们设法让她放心，可她还是焦虑不安。
Since 1900, there have been three earthquakes of magnitude 6.0 or above, as measured by China, within a 120-mile radius of the Monday quake, state media said.
官媒报道称，根据中国测定的数据，在此次地震震中附近200公里范围内，自1900年以来共发生过三次6级以上的地震。
radius
radius /ˈreɪ.di.əs/ 表示“半径距离；半径范围；周围”，英文解释为“a distance from a central point”或者表示“（圆或球体的）半径，半径长度”，英文解释为“(the length of) a straight line joining the centre of a circle to its edge or the centre of a sphere to its surface”举个🌰：The radius of this wheel is 30 cm.. 这个轮子的半径是30厘米。
Parts of Gansu fall within an earthquake-prone belt that runs from Mongolia in the north to Myanmar in the south, Xu Xiwei, a professor at the China University of Geosciences, told state media. Many houses in the area may not be built sturdily enough to resist earthquakes, and the fact that the quake struck late at night likely made it harder for people to escape, adding to the casualties, Professor Xu said.
中国地质大学教授徐锡伟对官媒表示，甘肃部分地区位于北起蒙古南至缅甸的一条地震多发带上。徐锡伟称当地许多房屋抗震性能差，再加上地震发生在深夜，居民更难以躲避，从而增加了人员伤亡。
-prone
be prone to 表示“易于（受某事物影响或做某事）的”，英文解释为“To be prone to something, usually something bad, means to have a tendency to be affected by it or to do it.”举个🌰：For all her experience as a television reporter, she was still prone to camera nerves. 尽管有丰富的做电视记者的经验，她仍然倾向于在镜头前紧张。
📍-prone 表示“较常碰到…问题的；有做…倾向的；易于遭受…的”，英文解释为“likely to experience a particular problem more often than is usual”如：accident-prone 易出事故的，injury-prone 易受伤的。
belt
belt /belt/ 作名词 1）表示“腰带”，英文解释为“a strip of leather or material worn around the waist to support clothes or for decoration”举个🌰：She fastened her belt tightly around her waist. 她把腰带束紧。
2）表示“地带；（特定的）区域”，英文解释为“an area, usually just outside a city, where a particular group of people live, such as the commuter belt and the stockbroker belt, or an area that is known for a particular characteristic, such as the cotton belt (= an area where cotton is grown)”
sturdily
sturdily /ˈstɜː.dəl.i/ 表示“结实的;坚固的”，英文解释为“in a way that is physically strong and solid or thick, and therefore unlikely to break or be hurt”举个🌰：We could see the boat was sturdily built/constructed. 我们看得出这艘船造得很坚固。
casualty
casualty /ˈkæʒjʊəltɪ/ 1）表示“死伤者”，英文解释为“A casualty is a person who is injured or killed in a war or in an accident.”
2）表示“受害者，遇难者；毁坏物”，英文解释为“A casualty of a particular event or situation is a person or a thing that has suffered badly as a result of that event or situation.”举个🌰：The car industry has been one of the greatest casualties of the recession. 汽车工业是经济不景气最大的受害者之一。
作动词，belt sth out 表示“引吭高歌；高声演奏”，英文解释为“to sing or play a musical instrument very loudly”举个🌰：The band was belting out all the old favourites. 乐队正在高声演奏所有的经典老歌。
The State Council, China’s cabinet, and the National Health Commission deployed teams to the site to oversee rescue operations, CCTV said.
中央电视台报道称，国务院和国家卫健委已经派出工作组前往现场监督救援工作。
cabinet
cabinet /ˈkæb.ɪ.nət/ 表示“内阁”，英文解释为“The cabinet is a group of the most senior advisers or ministers in a government, who meet regularly to discuss policies.”举个🌰：The announcement came after a three-hour cabinet meeting. 这项公告是在3小时的内阁会议之后发布的。
commission
commission /kəˈmɪʃ.ən/ 1）作名词，表示“（负责调查问题真相或原因的）委员会”，英文解释为“a group of people who have been formally chosen to discover information about a problem or examine the reasons why the problem exists”如：a commission on alcohol abuse/racial tension 酗酒问题/种族间紧张关系调查委员会。
2）作动词，表示“委任（或任命）…为军官”，英文解释为“to give someone the official authority to be an officer in the armed forces”举个🌰：She was commissioned in 2023. 她于2023年被任命为军官。
3）作动词，表示“（正式地）安排…做，委托…做”，英文解释为“to formally choose someone to do a special piece of work, or to formally ask for a special piece of work from someone”举个🌰：She's commissioned an artist to paint her portrait. 她请了一位艺术家为她画肖像。
4）in commission表示“（机器、军舰等）在使用中的，在服役的”，英文解释为“If something, such as a machine or a military ship, is in commission it is working and ready for use.”这个含义也可以直接将commission当作动词用，相当于to put (a ship) in commission. 举个🌰：The ship was commissioned in 2023. 该舰于2023年服役。
deploy
deploy /dɪˈplɔɪ/ 1) 表示“利用，调动（尤指想法、论据等）；有效运用；发挥…的作用”，英文解释为“to use something for a particular purpose, especially ideas, arguments etc”如：a job in which a variety of professional skills will be deployed 要用到多项专业技术的工作。
2) 表示“部署，调度（士兵、军事装备等）”，英文解释为“to organize or move soldiers, military equipment etc so that they are in the right place and ready to be used”如：deploy forces/troops/weapons etc，NATO's decision to deploy cruise missiles 北约要部署巡航导弹的决定。
At 9:46 a.m. on Tuesday, China reported another quake, of magnitude 5.5, in the far western region of Xinjiang, about 1,800 miles west of Jishishan. Information about casualties was not immediately available.
周二早上9点46分，中国报告了新疆最西部地区发生的另一次5.5级地震，那里位于积石山以西约2900公里处。目前尚未得到有关伤亡人数的信息。
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