韩国立法禁食狗肉
今天，韩国国会全体会议通过禁止以食用为目的饲养、繁育或宰杀犬只的法案。
🤔️小作业：
1. What is the government's plan for those whose businesses are affected by the new law?
A) No support will be provided.
B) They will be given alternative job training.
C) They will be relocated to other industries.
D) They will receive full government support.
2. What consequences will individuals face under the new law for the consumption of dog meats?
A) A fine and community service.
B) Up to three years in prison.
C) Up to two years in prison.
D) No legal repercussions.
A) Indifferent B) Critical
C) Supportive D) Skeptical
无注释原文：
South Korea passes law banning dog meat trade
From: BBC
South Korea has passed a new law, which aims to end the slaughter and selling of dogs for their meat by 2027.
The law aims to end the centuries-old practice of eating dog meat.
Dog meat has fallen out of favour with diners over the past few decades. Young people especially shun it.
Under the law, raising or slaughtering dogs for consumption will be banned, as will distributing or selling dog meat. Those found guilty of doing so could be sent to jail.
Those butchering dogs could face up to three years in prison, while those who raise dogs for meat or sell dog meat could serve a maximum of two years. However, the consumption of dog meat itself will not be illegal.
The new legislation will come into effect in three years' time, giving farmers and restaurant owners time to find alternative sources of employment and income. They will have to submit a plan to phase out their businesses to their local authorities.
The government has promised to fully support dog meat farmers, butchers and restaurant owners, whose businesses will be forced to close, though the details of what compensation will be offered have yet to be worked through.
According to government statistics, South Korea had around 1,600 dog meat restaurants and 1,150 dog farms in 2023.
Dog meat stew, called "boshintang", is considered a delicacy among some older South Koreans, but the meat is no longer popular with young people.
According to a Gallup poll last year, only 8% of people said they had tried dog meat in the past 12 months, down from 27% in 2015. Less than a fifth of those polled said they supported the consumption of the meat.
Previous governments, dating back to the 1980s, have pledged to ban dog meat, but failed to make progress. The current President Yoon Suk Yeol and the First Lady Kim Keon Hee are known animal lovers. The couple owns six dogs, and Ms Kim has called for the practice of eating dogs to end.
Animal rights groups, which have long been pushing for the ban, praised the outcome of Tuesday's vote.
Jung Ah Chae, the executive director of the Humane Society in Korea, said she was surprised to see the ban in her lifetime. "While my heart breaks for all the millions of dogs for whom this change has come too late, I am overjoyed that South Korea can now close this miserable chapter in our history and embrace a dog friendly future", she said.
Dog meat farmers had campaigned against the ban. They argued that, given the declining popularity among young people, the practice should be allowed to die out naturally over time. Many farmers and restaurateurs are elderly and said it would be difficult for them to switch livelihoods so late in life.
One dog farmer, Joo Yeong-bong, told the BBC the industry was in despair.
"In 10 years, the industry would have disappeared. We're in our 60s and 70s and now we have no choice but to lose our livelihoods", he said, adding that this was "an infringement of people's freedom to eat what they like".
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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考
含注释全文：
South Korea passes law banning dog meat trade
From: BBC
South Korea has passed a new law, which aims to end the slaughter and selling of dogs for their meat by 2027.
韩国通过了一项新法律，旨在到2027年结束屠宰和售卖狗肉的行为。
slaughter
slaughter /ˈslɔː.tər/ 1）表示“（尤指战争中的）屠杀，杀戮”，英文解释为“the killing of many people cruelly and unfairly, especially in a war”
2）表示“屠宰，宰杀”，英文解释为“the killing of animals for meat”举个🌰：The geese are being fattened for slaughter. 鹅养肥了用于宰杀。
The law aims to end the centuries-old practice of eating dog meat.
此举意味着将终结长达数百年食用狗肉的传统。
Dog meat has fallen out of favour with diners over the past few decades. Young people especially shun it.
过去几十年来，狗肉已不再受食客青睐。年轻人尤其避而远之。
out of favour
表示“不受青睐；失宠；不受欢迎”，英文解释为“investments, products, or services that are out of favour are no longer popular with investors or consumers”
diner
diner /ˈdaɪ.nər/ 表示“（尤指餐馆里的）进餐者，食客”，英文解释为“someone who is eating a meal, especially in a restaurant”或者表示“（美国的）路边小餐馆”，英文解释为“in the US, a small informal and inexpensive restaurant, often at the side of the road”
shun
shun /ʃʌn/ 表示“有意回避；避开；避免”，英文解释为“If you shun someone or something, you deliberately avoid them or keep away from them.”举个🌰：From that time forward everybody shunned him. 从那时起，人人都有意回避他。
🎬电影《简·爱》（Jane Eyre）中的台词提到：Children, I exhort you to shun her, exclude her, shut her out from this day forth. 孩子们，奉劝你们离她远点，排斥她，从今天起与她隔绝。
Under the law, raising or slaughtering dogs for consumption will be banned, as will distributing or selling dog meat. Those found guilty of doing so could be sent to jail.
根据该法律，饲养或屠宰供食用的狗将被禁止，流通或出售狗肉也将被禁止。违反者将面临法律制裁，可能被判入狱。
distribute
distribute /dɪˈstrɪb.juːt/ 表示“分发，散发；分配”，英文解释为“to give something out to several people, or to spread or supply something”举个🌰：The books will be distributed free to local schools. 这些书将免费发放给当地学校。
jail
jail /dʒeɪl/ 作动词，表示“监禁”，英文解释为“to put someone in a jail”举个🌰：He was jailed for three years. 他被监禁了3年。
作名词，表示“监狱；看守所”，英文解释为“a place where criminals are kept to punish them for their crimes, or where people accused of crimes are kept while waiting for their trials”
Those butchering dogs could face up to three years in prison, while those who raise dogs for meat or sell dog meat could serve a maximum of two years. However, the consumption of dog meat itself will not be illegal.
屠宰狗的人可能面临最高三年的监禁，而肉狗饲养者或出售狗肉的人可能面临最高两年的监禁。然而，食用狗肉本身并不违法。
butcher
butcher /ˈbʊtʃ.ər/ 作动词，表示“屠宰，宰杀”，英文解释为“to cut an animal into pieces of meat”
作名词，butcher /ˈbʊtʃ.ər/ 表示“肉商，肉贩”，英文解释为“a person who sells meat in a shop”
The new legislation will come into effect in three years' time, giving farmers and restaurant owners time to find alternative sources of employment and income. They will have to submit a plan to phase out their businesses to their local authorities.
新立法将于三年后生效，给了农民和餐馆老板寻找其他就业和收入来源的时间。他们将不得不向当地政府提交一份逐步淘汰其业务的计划。
legislation
legislation /ˌledʒ.ɪˈsleɪ.ʃən/ 表示“法律；立法”，英文解释为“a law or set of laws suggested by a government and made official by a parliament”举个🌰：The government has promised to introduce legislation to limit fuel emissions from cars. 政府许诺将通过立法来限制汽车尾气排放。
alternative
alternative /ɒlˈtɜː.nə.tɪv/本身可以作名词也可以作形容词，表示“可替代的，供选择的（事物）”英文解释为“An alternative plan or method is one that you can use if you do not want to use another one.”举个🌰：An alternative venue for the concert is being sought. 正在寻找其他可举办音乐会的地方。
phase sth out
phase /feɪz/ 表示“逐步淘汰，分阶段停止使用”，英文解释为“to remove or stop using something gradually or in stages”举个🌰：They said the present system should be phased out. 他们说现行的体系应该逐步淘汰。
The government has promised to fully support dog meat farmers, butchers and restaurant owners, whose businesses will be forced to close, though the details of what compensation will be offered have yet to be worked through.
政府已承诺将全力支持那些业务被迫关闭的肉狗饲养者、屠夫和餐馆老板，但具体补偿细节尚未确定。
compensation
compensation /ˌkɒmpɛnˈseɪʃən/ 1）表示“补偿（或赔偿）物；（尤指）赔偿金，补偿金；赔偿”，英文解释为“If something is some compensation for something bad that has happened, it makes you feel better.”举个🌰：He gained some compensation for her earlier defeat by winning the final open class. 他通过赢得公开赛的决赛获得了对先前失利的一些补偿。
2）表示“报酬（雇员获得的金钱和其他福利的总和）”，英文解释为“the combination of money and other benefits (= rewards) that an employee receives for doing their job”举个🌰：Annual compensation for our executives includes salary and bonus under our incentive plan. 我们的高级管理人员获得的年度报酬包括工资以及按奖励计划发放的奖金。
According to government statistics, South Korea had around 1,600 dog meat restaurants and 1,150 dog farms in 2023.
据政府统计，2023年韩国约有1600家狗肉餐馆和1150家养狗场。
Dog meat stew, called "boshintang", is considered a delicacy among some older South Koreans, but the meat is no longer popular with young people.
被称为“补身汤”（boshintang）的炖狗肉，在一些韩国老年人眼中是一种美味佳肴，但如今已不再受年轻一代的欢迎。
delicacy
delicacy /ˈdelɪkəsi/ 表示“（尤指稀有昂贵的）美食，美味，佳肴；美味佳肴”，英文解释为“A delicacy is a rare or expensive food that is considered especially nice to eat.”
According to a Gallup poll last year, only 8% of people said they had tried dog meat in the past 12 months, down from 27% in 2015. Less than a fifth of those polled said they supported the consumption of the meat.
根据盖洛普去年的一项民意调查，只有8%的人表示他们在过去12个月内吃过狗肉，低于2015年的27%。不到五分之一的受访者表示支持食用狗肉。
poll
poll /pəʊl/ 1）作名词，表示“民意测验；民意调查”，英文解释为“A poll is a survey in which people are asked their opinions about something, usually in order to find out how popular something is or what people intend to do in the future.”复数形式polls可以特指“选举投票；计票”（the process of voting at an election; the process of counting the votes）举个🌰：Polls show that the European treaty has gained support in Denmark. 民意测验显示，欧洲条约已经在丹麦获得支持。
2）作动词，表示“对…进行民意调查”，英文解释为“If you are polled on something, you are asked what you think about it as part of a survey.”举个🌰：More than 2,000 people were polled. 2000多人接受了民意调查。
3）作动词，表示“获得…选票”，英文解释为“If a political party or a candidate polls a particular number or percentage of votes, they get that number or percentage of votes in an election.”举个🌰：The result showed he had polled enough votes to force a second ballot. 结果显示他获得了足够的选票来促使第二轮选举。
Previous governments, dating back to the 1980s, have pledged to ban dog meat, but failed to make progress. The current President Yoon Suk Yeol and the First Lady Kim Keon Hee are known animal lovers. The couple owns six dogs, and Ms Kim has called for the practice of eating dogs to end.
自20世纪80年代以来，韩国历届政府就曾承诺将禁止食用狗肉，但并未取得进展。现任总统尹锡悦（Yoon Suk Yeol）和第一夫人金建希（Kim Keon Hee）是出了名的爱狗人士，两人养了六只狗，金建希曾呼吁停止食用狗肉。
pledge
pledge /pledʒ/ 1）作动词，表示“承诺，保证（做某事）；保证给予（某物）”，英文解释为“When someone pledges to do something, they promise in a serious way to do it. When they pledge something, they promise to give it.”举个🌰：He pledges support and offers to help in any way that he can. 他承诺给予支持并提供力所能及的帮助。
2）表示“抵押”，英文解释为“If you pledge something such as a valuable possession or a sum of money, you leave it with someone as a guarantee that you will repay money that you have borrowed.”举个🌰：He asked her to pledge the house as security for a loan. 他要她抵押房子作为贷款担保。
3）作名词，表示“誓言；诺言；保证”，英文解释为“When someone makes a pledge, they make a serious promise that they will do something.”举个🌰：The meeting ended with a pledge to step up cooperation between the states of the region. 会议以加快该地区州之间合作的承诺结束。
Animal rights groups, which have long been pushing for the ban, praised the outcome of Tuesday's vote.
动物权利组织长期以来一直在推动这项禁令，他们对周二的投票结果表示赞赏。
Jung Ah Chae, the executive director of the Humane Society in Korea, said she was surprised to see the ban in her lifetime. "While my heart breaks for all the millions of dogs for whom this change has come too late, I am overjoyed that South Korea can now close this miserable chapter in our history and embrace a dog friendly future", she said.
韩国人道协会（Humane Society in Korea）执行董事蔡正雅（Jung Ah Chae，音译）表示，她没想到自己有生之年能见证这一禁令的实施。她说：“虽然我为数百万只狗感到心碎，对它们来说，这一改变来得太晚了，但我也为韩国能结束这一悲惨的历史篇章，迈向一个对狗友好的未来而感到欣慰。”
humane
humane /hjuːˈmeɪn/ 表示“（尤指对待受苦者）善良的，仁慈的，人道的”，英文解释为“showing kindness, care, and sympathy towards others, especially those who are suffering”举个🌰：The humane way of dealing with a suffering animal (= the way that causes the least pain) is to kill it quickly. 对待为病痛所折磨的动物，比较人道的办法就是尽快结束它的生命。
overjoyed
overjoyed /ˌəʊ.vəˈdʒɔɪd/ 表示“极度高兴的；欣喜若狂的”，英文解释为“extremely happy”举个🌰：We're overjoyed at your news. 听到你的消息我们非常高兴。
Dog meat farmers had campaigned against the ban. They argued that, given the declining popularity among young people, the practice should be allowed to die out naturally over time. Many farmers and restaurateurs are elderly and said it would be difficult for them to switch livelihoods so late in life.
肉狗饲养者曾发起活动反对这一禁令。他们认为，鉴于狗肉在年轻人中的受欢迎程度日益下降，应让这一行业随时间自然消亡。许多饲养者和餐馆老板都是老年人，他们表示，晚年转换生计将非常困难。
campaign
campaign /kæmˈpeɪn/ 表示“从事活动；开展运动；发起运动”，英文解释为“to organize a series of activities to try to achieve something”举个🌰：They're busy campaigning against the building of a new motorway near here. 他们正积极行动，反对在附近新建高速公路。
die out
表示“逐渐消失;灭绝”，英文解释为“to become less common and finally stop existing”举个🌰：Dinosaurs died out millions of years ago. 数百万年前恐龙就已经灭绝了。
switch
switch /swɪtʃ/ 作动词，表示“突然改变，彻底改变；调换；转换”，英文解释为“to change suddenly or completely, especially from one thing to another, or to exchange by replacing one person or thing with another”举个🌰：She started studying English, but switched to Law in her second year. 她刚上大学时学的是英语，但二年级的时候她改学法律了。
作名词，表示“开关”，英文解释为“a small device, usually pushed up or down with your finger, that controls and turns on or off an electric current”如：a light switch 电灯开关。
One dog farmer, Joo Yeong-bong, told the BBC the industry was in despair.
肉狗饲养者朱永邦（Joo Yeong-bong，音译）在接受英国广播公司（BBC）采访时表示，该行业已陷入绝境。
despair
despair /dɪˈspeər/ 表示“绝望”，英文解释为“the feeling that there is no hope and that you can do nothing to improve a difficult or worrying situation”如：a mood/sense of despair 绝望的情绪/感觉。
"In 10 years, the industry would have disappeared. We're in our 60s and 70s and now we have no choice but to lose our livelihoods", he said, adding that this was "an infringement of people's freedom to eat what they like".
他表示：“10年后，这个行业将会消失。我们都是六七十岁的人了，现在我们别无选择，只能失去生计”，并补充说，这是“侵犯人们自由选择食物的权利”。
infringement
infringement /ɪnˈfrɪndʒ.mənt/ 表示“违反，违背（规定、法律等）”，英文解释为“an action that breaks a rule, law, etc.”如：copyright infringement 侵犯版权。
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