2016政府工作报告中英文对照个人注释版【Part13】
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■ We will ensure that the whole country's potential for starting businesses and making innovations is released.
充分释放全社会创业创新潜能。
We will implement the strategy of innovation-driven development,
着力实施创新驱动发展战略，
see that science and technology become more deeply embedded in the economy,
促进科技与经济深度融合，
注：融合-->embed in嵌入;使深留脑中,深深印入
and improve the overall quality and competitiveness of the real economy.
提高实体经济的整体素质和竞争力。
First, we will ensure that enterprises lead in making innovation.
一是强化企业创新主体地位。
We will implement additional tax deductions for their research and development and increase tax policy support for high-tech enterprises and science and technology business incubators.
落实企业研发费用加计扣除，完善高新技术企业、科技企业孵化器等税收优惠政策。
注：企业研发费用加计扣除:按照税法规定在开发新技术、新产品、新工艺发生的研究开发费用的实际发生额基础上，再加成一定比例，作为计算应纳税所得额时的扣除数额的一种税收优惠政策。例如，税法规定研发费用可实行150%加计扣除政策，如果企业当年开发新产品研发费用实际支出为100元，就可按150元（100×150%）在税前进行扣除，以鼓励企业加大研发投入。
incubator 育成中心;孵化器;培养器;培养人才的场所
We will support leading enterprises in building top-level research and development institutions.
支持行业领军企业建设高水平研发机构。
We will move faster to achieve nationwide implementation of the policy of national innovation demonstration zones,
加快将国家自主创新示范区试点政策推广到全国，
注：试点?本笔记首发自微信公众号：LearnAndRecord
establish another set of national innovation demonstration zones and high-tech development zones,
再建设一批国家自主创新示范区、高新区，
注：高新区：高新技术产业开发区high-tech development zones
and establish pilot reform zones for all-round innovation.
建设全面创新改革试验区。
Second, we will help people to pool their ideas and talents through a synergy of business startups, innovation, and the Internet Plus.
二是发挥大众创业、万众创新和"互联网+"集众智汇众力的乘数效应。
注：pool：to collect something such as money or resources in order for it to be used by several different people or groups (为不同人士或团体)集合(资金/资源)
synergy 协同;协同作用;增效。
[注]synergy这里应该是指代中文里的乘数效应(Multiplier Effect)，据维基百科，协同效应(synergy)又称加乘性、加成作用、加乘作用等。
Platforms will be created for crowd innovation, crowd support, crowdsourcing, and crowdfunding,
打造众创、众包、众扶、众筹平台，
注：2016政府工作报告十大新词之一。
“众创(crowd innovation)”指通过创业创新服务平台聚集全社会各类创新资源；
“众筹(crowdfunding)”指通过互联网平台向社会募集资金；
“众包(crowdsourcing)”则是指借助互联网等手段，将传统由特定企业和机构完成的任务，向自愿参与的所有企业和个人进行分工；
“众扶(crowd support)”指通过政府和公益机构支持、企业帮扶援助、个人互助互扶等多种途径，共助小微企业和创业者成长。
and mechanisms will be built to encourage new types of business startups and innovation-making through cooperation between enterprises, institutions of higher learning, research institutes, and makers.
构建大中小企业、高校、科研机构、创客多方协同的新型创业创新机制。
We will establish demonstration centers for business startups and innovation and encourage the development of a business startup service industry as well as angel investment, venture capital, industrial investment, and other investment.
建设一批"双创"示范基地，培育创业服务业，发展天使、创业、产业等投资。
注：angel investment 天使投资
venture capital 风险投资(VC)，又称“创业投资”是指由职业金融家投入到新兴的、迅速发展的、有巨大竞争力的企业中的一种权益资本，是以高科技与知识为基础，生产与经营技术密集的创新产品或服务的投资。本笔记首发自微信公众号：LearnAndRecord
We will give our support to the development of a sharing economy and see that resources are used more efficiently and that more people take part and benefit.
支持分享经济发展，提高资源利用效率，让更多人参与进来、富裕起来。
注：分享经济,2016政府工作报告十大新词之一。
We will adopt more active, open, and effective policies to attract talent from overseas.
实施更积极、更开放、更有效的人才引进政策。
We will strengthen the protection and use of intellectual property rights and look to the law to crack down on the infringement of these rights and on the production and sale of counterfeit products.
加强知识产权保护和运用，依法严厉打击侵犯知识产权和制假售假行为。
Third, we will deepen the reform of the management system for science and technology.
三是深化科技管理体制改革。
Greater autonomy will be given to universities and research institutes, and red tape will be cut in the management of research projects.
扩大高校和科研院所自主权，砍掉科研管理中的繁文缛节。
Policies and measures will be implemented to support the transfer and commercialization of scientific and technological achievements,
实施支持科技成果转移转化的政策措施，
and tax incentives for stocks and options, and profit sharing and bonus plans will be improved to encourage researchers to start businesses and make innovations.
完善股权期权税收优惠政策和分红奖励办法，鼓励科研人员创业创新。
注：税收优惠政策，tax incentives(税收优惠)，上文处理为tax policy support.
We will foster a culture of innovation and create an enabling environment for innovation in which people venture to break new ground and failure is tolerated.
大力弘扬创新文化，厚植创新沃土，营造敢为人先、宽容失败的良好氛围，
注：创新沃土，良好氛围-->enabling environment for innovation
enabling environment 有利环境;有利于解决问题的工作环境;政策环境
I am sure that these initiatives will inspire entrepreneurialism and motivate our society to start businesses and make innovations,
充分激发企业家精神，调动全社会创业创新积极性，
注：激发;调动-->inspire;motivate
and thus create a powerful force to drive development.
汇聚成推动发展的磅礴力量。
■ We will ensure that overcapacity is cut, costs are lowered, and business performance is improved.
着力化解过剩产能和降本增效。
We will focus on addressing the overcapacity in the steel, coal, and other industries facing difficulties.
重点抓好钢铁、煤炭等困难行业去产能，
In this process, the market should serve as a check, enterprises should be the major actors, local governments should play a coordinating role, and the central government should provide support.
坚持市场倒逼、企业主体、地方组织、中央支持，
We will use economic, legal, technological, environmental, quality inspection,and safety-related means to strictly control the expansion of production capacity,
运用经济、法律、技术、环保、质量、安全等手段，严格控制新增产能，
shut down outdated production facilities, and eliminate overcapacity in a planned way.
坚决淘汰落后产能，有序退出过剩产能。
We will address the issue of “zombie enterprises” proactively yet prudently by using measures such as mergers, reorganizations, debt restructurings, and bankruptcy liquidations.
采取兼并重组、债务重组或破产清算等措施，积极稳妥处置"僵尸企业"。
注：积极;稳妥-->proactively;prudently
Fiscal, financial, and other policies will be improved to support this work.
完善财政、金融等支持政策，
One hundred billion yuan in rewards and subsidies will be provided by the central government, which will be mainly used to resettle employees laid off from these enterprises.
中央财政安排1000亿元专项奖补资金，重点用于职工分流安置。
We will take a full range of measures to reduce the transaction, logistics, financial, and energy consumption costs of enterprises,
采取综合措施，降低企业交易、物流、财务、用能等成本，
and we will also work to put a stop to the collection of arbitrary and unwarranted fees from enterprises.
坚决遏制涉企乱收费行为。本笔记首发自微信公众号：LearnAndRecord
■ We will work to ensure the supply of goods and services is improved.
努力改善产品和服务供给。
We will concentrate our efforts on the following three areas:
突出抓好三个方面。
First, we will see that the quality of consumer goods is improved.
一是提升消费品品质。
We will move faster to bring domestic quality and safety standards in line with international standards,
加快质量安全标准与国际标准接轨，
and establish a system for making producers pay punitive compensation for failing to meet product quality standards.
建立商品质量惩罚性赔偿制度。
注：punitive 惩罚性的;刑罚的
We will also encourage enterprises to use flexible and custom-tailored production processes and foster a craftsmanship spirit of striving for the best,
鼓励企业开展个性化定制、柔性化生产，培育精益求精的工匠精神，
注：工匠精神 2016政府工作报告十大新词之一。
so that more types of products, products of a higher quality, and brand products will be made.
增品种、提品质、创品牌。
Second, we will work to upgrade manufacturing.
二是促进制造业升级。
We will intensify efforts to promote the integrated development of Made in China 2025 and the Internet Plus action plan,
深入推进"中国制造+互联网"，
build national platforms for innovation in manufacturing,
建设若干国家级制造业创新平台，
carry out demonstration programs in smart manufacturing,
实施一批智能制造示范项目，
and launch projects to make the foundation of industry development more solid, promote green manufacturing, and develop high-end equipment.
启动工业强基、绿色制造、高端装备等重大工程。
落实加速折旧政策，
[注]修订稿中已删去此表述，无译文
and carry out major technological transformation and upgrading initiatives.
组织实施重大技术改造升级工程。
Third, we will accelerate the development of the modern service sector.
三是加快现代服务业发展。
We will launch a new round of national pilot projects for all-round service sector reform as well as projects to promote innovation in high-tech services,
启动新一轮国家服务业综合改革试点，实施高技术服务业创新工程，
and channel great efforts into developing the digital creative industries.
大力发展数字创意产业。
注：channel 引导;把…导,将…引入
(to direct something into a particular place or situation)
If she could only channel all that energy into something useful.
要是她能把那些精力都倾注到有用的事情上就好了。
We will relax restrictions on market access to the service sector,
放宽市场准入，
and ensure greater specialization in producer services and higher refinement in consumer services.
提高生产性服务业专业化、生活性服务业精细化水平。
Fiber-optic networks will be developed in a number of cities and 50,000 administrative villages will be linked up to fiber-optic networks,
建设一批光网城市，推进5万个行政村通光纤，
注：光网城市 2016政府工作报告十大新词之一。
(Cities linked up to fiber-optic networks)
thus enabling more urban and rural residents to enjoy a more digital way of life.
让更多城乡居民享受数字化生活。
■ We will push for progress in SOE reform.
大力推进国有企业改革。
注：SOE 国有企业（state-owned enterprises）
This year and next, we will use reform to promote the development of SOEs and push hard to ensure success in upgrading them and improving their performance.
今明两年，要以改革促发展，坚决打好国有企业提质增效攻坚战。
We will prompt SOEs, especially those managed by the central government, to make structural adjustments so that some will be developed through innovation,
推动国有企业特别是中央企业结构调整，创新发展一批，
others will be reorganized or merged, and still others will exit the market.
重组整合一批，清理退出一批。
We will carry out reforms to diversify their types of equity and introduce on a trial basis the assumption of powers and responsibilities by corporate boards of directors, competitive open selection and recruitment of executives, recruitment of professional managers, mixed ownership, and employee equity stakes.
推进股权多元化改革，开展落实企业董事会职权、市场化选聘经营者、职业经理人制度、混合所有制、员工持股等试点。
注：
the assumption of powers and responsibilities 职权
assumption of power 掌权
corporate boards of directors 企业董事会
We will deepen the reform of the enterprise personnel management system and explore the possibility of establishing remuneration systems for senior ranking personnel and corporate executives that are compatible with competitive selection and recruitment.
深化企业用人制度改革，探索建立与市场化选任方式相适应的高层次人才和企业经营管理者薪酬制度。
注：
be compatible with 一致;适合;与…相配
市场化选聘/市场化选任-->competitive (open) selection and recruitment
We will work faster to establish state capital investment and management companies through reorganization.
加快改组组建国有资本投资、运营公司。
To prevent the loss of state assets and ensure their value is maintained or increased, we will encourage state-owned asset supervisory and management authorities to shift their focus to the use of state capital.
以管资本为主推进国有资产监管机构职能转变，防止国有资产流失，实现国有资产保值增值。
Local governments will be granted more power over SOE reform.
赋予地方更多国有企业改革自主权。
We will move more quickly to relieve SOEs of their obligations to operate social programs and resolve their other longstanding issues,
加快剥离国有企业办社会职能，解决历史遗留问题，
enabling them to become leaner and healthier and to increase their core competitiveness.
让国有企业瘦身健体，增强核心竞争力。本笔记首发自微信公众号：LearnAndRecord
■ We will energize the non-public sector.
更好激发非公有制经济活力。
We will significantly relax restrictions on entry into markets such as electricity, telecommunications, transport, petroleum, natural gas, and municipal public utilities,
大幅放宽电力、电信、交通、石油、天然气、市政公用等领域市场准入，
注：放宽 relax restrictions on
remove hidden barriers, and encourage private companies to increase investment in these areas and participate in SOE reform.
消除各种隐性壁垒，鼓励民营企业扩大投资、参与国有企业改革。
In these fields, private companies will enjoy the same treatment afforded to SOEs in terms of project verification and approval, financing, fiscal and tax policies, and land availability.
在项目核准、融资服务、财税政策、土地使用等方面一视同仁。
We will, in accordance with the law, provide equal protection to the property rights of entities under all forms of ownership;
依法平等保护各种所有制经济产权，
and we will ensure that, without fail, infringements on the legitimate rights and interests of non-public sector enterprises and individuals are investigated and prosecuted.
严肃查处侵犯非公有制企业及非公有制经济人士合法权益的行为，
注：without fail 务必;必定,无疑
查处 investigate and prosecute
We will create a rule of law environment that is fair, just, transparent, and stable to help all types of enterprises develop side by side based on their own respective strengths.
营造公平、公正、透明、稳定的法治环境，促进各类企业各展其长、共同发展。
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