早产女婴和男婴需要不同的营养吗?
本综述调查了逐步增加的证据,表明男孩和女孩在出生前对营养压力的反应是不同的,母亲的母乳成分因胎儿性别而异,并且营养干预根据婴儿的性别而有不同的反应。
对于早产的男婴和女婴给予了未考虑性别差异的标准营养支持,而且很少有新生儿营养研究考虑婴儿性别对结果的影响。通过为早产的男婴和女婴优化早期营养,我们可能会改善两种性别的不良风险结果。我们建议未来对新生儿营养干预的研究应考虑婴儿性别。引言
尽管早产儿依赖肠内或肠外营养,但最佳营养素摄入量的证据基础是有限的,并且都基于共识1。尽管如此,早产儿的营养被认为是不良新生儿、儿童和成人结局的潜在可改变因素。
● 报告性别相互作用或设计可按性别分析结果的研究
● 在可能的情况下,在动物研究中使用两性报告
● 报告所有细胞系(包括胎盘))的性别
● 鼓励和支持关于性别差异的跨学科研究
总结
营养是影响早产儿神经发育不良和代谢紊乱的潜在因素。越来越多的证据表明,男孩和女孩在对胎儿营养不良的反应、新生儿的体成分、母乳成分以及早期生命宏量营养素摄入量和长期代谢风险等方面存在重大差异。
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原文链接:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41390-020-01252-1