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特色活动 | GeoInsider在线讲座 第44期:土壤水分主导全球陆地生态系统生产力的干旱胁迫

The following article is from 科研圈内人 Author 地学小雅


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GeoInsider Webinar

在线讲座系列第44期


题目:Soilmoisture dominates dryness stress on ecosystem production globally(Nature Communications paper)


报告人:Dr. Laibao Liu, 1) ETH Zurich; 2) Peking University

刘来保博士,苏黎世联邦理工学院博士后,北京大学博士


时间:北京时间 11月6日(周五)晚上9:00

   纽约时间 11月6日(周五)上午8:00

   伦敦时间 11月6日(周五)下午1:00  


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Presentation Abstract

陆地生态系统为人类提供了赖以生存的环境条件和物质基础。然而,气候变化下,众多证据表明日益增多的干旱事件能够显著抑制陆地植被生长,造成陆地生态系统生产力下降,甚至将陆地生态系统从“碳汇”变成“碳源”,向大气中释放CO2,加速全球变暖。尽管如此,当前我们对于干旱胁迫植被的许多机制尚不清楚,这也是未来生态系统状态和气候预测不确定性的重要来源之一。

       土壤水分供给不足和大气水分需求过高被认为是陆地生态系统生产力的两个主要干旱胁迫驱动力。其中,大气水分需求通常用大气饱和水汽压差(Vapor pressure deficit, VPD)表征。然而,土壤水分和大气水分需求在干旱胁迫中的相对重要性存在争议并且很难区分,主要原因是二者通过陆气相互作用强烈耦合。本研究通过结合新兴的叶绿素荧光数据(可以直接遥感探测光合作用)和多源气候数据,解耦了土壤水分和大气水分需求的强耦合,发现土壤水分主导了陆地大部分区域生态系统生产力的干旱胁迫。解耦后,大气水分需求对陆地生态系统生产力的限制作用变得较小。此外,土壤水分的干旱胁迫在半干旱地区的生态系统中最强。本研究为一个长期存在的问题提供了新答案,并为未来模型改进和干旱管理提供科学基础。

Terrestrial ecosystemprovides multiple invaluable ecosystem services for humans. However, climatechange is likely to increase the occurrence of drought events, and drought arepromised to highly depress vegetation growth, decrease ecosystem production,even convert the terrestrial ecosystems from the “carbon sink” to the “carbonsource”, release CO2 to atmosphere, and accelerate global warmingeventually. The impacts of drought on ecosystem carbon cycling have beenextensively studied, but its mechanisms are incompletely understood.  This is also one of the largest sources thatcontribute to the uncertainties of future ecosystem and climate state predictions. Dryness stress can limitvegetation growth and is often characterized by low soil moisture (SM) and highatmospheric water demand (vapor pressure deficit, VPD). However, the relativerole of SM and VPD in limiting ecosystem production remains debated and isdifficult to disentangle, as SM and VPD are coupled through land-atmosphereinteractions, hindering the ability to predict ecosystem responses to dryness.Here, we combine satellite observations of solar-induced fluorescence with estimatesof SM and VPD and show that SM is the dominant driver of dryness stress onecosystem production across more than 70% of vegetated land areas with validdata. Moreover, after accounting for SM-VPD coupling, VPD effects on ecosystemproduction are much smaller across large areas. We also find that SM stress isstrongest in semi-arid ecosystems. Our results clarify a longstanding question and open new avenues for improving models to allow a better management of drought risk.

References:

1.L. B. Liu et al., Soil moisture dominates drynessstress on ecosystem production globally. NatCommun 11,  (2020).

2.L. Liu et al., Revisiting assessments ofecosystem drought recovery. EnvironmentalResearch Letters 14, 114028(2019).

3.L. B.Liu et al., Broad Consistency BetweenSatellite and Vegetation Model Estimates of Net Primary Productivity AcrossGlobal and Regional Scales. J GeophysRes-Biogeo 123, 3603-3616(2018).




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转载自:科研圈内人

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原文标题:GeoInsider在线讲座 第44期:土壤水分主导全球陆地生态系统生产力的干旱胁迫

排版:张平平

责任编辑:王佳雯

审编:鲁嘉颐 

终审:顾伟男   田巍   梁龙武

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