希拉里是怎样炼成的？| 金融时报
The making of Hillary Clinton: unpublished images of a would-be president
White House photographer Robert McNeely spent six years with the Clintons in the 1990s. He reveals the stories behind his pictures and what they say about the kind of leader Clinton might be.
白宫摄影师罗伯特·麦尼利在上世纪九十年代跟拍克林顿夫妇6年之久。他揭秘照片背后的故事以及这些故事表明克林顿是什么样的领导者。
What kind of president would make? Since she has already lived in the White House for eight years (1993-2001), we ought to have a surer feel for the prospect than for any previous incoming president. Yet America remains as bitterly divided in its view of her as any public figure since she came to prominence 24 years ago.
希拉里·克林顿将会是怎样的总统呢？她已在白宫住了八年，相比此前所有要当总统的人，我们应该对她更有把握。她24年前就崭露头角，可美国对作为公众人物的她依然分歧尖锐。
It is hard to think of another name — included — whose mere mention can more quickly turn a placid dinner party into a shouting match. Everyone has a deeply held opinion. They just don’t often overlap.
很难想得出哪个人，包括特朗普，一被提及就让温和的聚会立马吵做一团。每个人都有所成见，他们常常看法各异。
“Hillary Clinton is an intensely private person — she gives away so little,” says , who spent six years with the Clintons as the official White House photographer. “If she weren’t in politics, she could be a world-class poker player.”
罗伯特·麦尼利给克林顿夫妇做了六年白宫官方摄影师，他说：“希拉里·克林顿是个很注重私密的人，几乎不为人知。如果不参与政治，她可以成为世界级的扑克玩家。”
As Clinton admitted in her Philadelphia acceptance speech last week, she far prefers the “service” part of public service to the public dimension, which she sees as a necessary evil. In that regard — and many others — it is hard to think of two characters less alike than Bill and Hillary Clinton.
正如克林顿上周在费城提名演讲上所言，她更喜欢公共服务中的“服务”而非“公共”，她认为后者是必要的恶。在这一点上以及其他很多方面，很难想象哪两个人像比尔和希拉里如此不同。
“Bill craves attention,” says McNeely, whose photographic book of Clinton’s years as first lady comes out in January. “Hillary really doesn’t care if people like her or not.”
麦尼利说：“比尔渴望被关注，希拉里则不在乎人们喜不喜欢她。”麦尼利今年一月出版了第一夫人希拉里的照片集。
You know a person by the company she keeps, goes the saying. But Hillaryland is too large, and far too political, to trust any single portrait that emerges. The result is invariably impressionistic. It is hard to shake off the suspicion that whoever is talking to you is pushing a hidden agenda. Those who know won’t talk, goes the quip. And those who talk don’t know — particularly with Clinton.
老话说，识人先识友，可希拉里的圈子太大了，也太政治化，从中绘制的单幅肖像都不足为信，结果往往朦朦胧胧。很难摆脱这种怀疑，即与你说话的所有人都在推动某项潜在的议程。说句俏皮话，知道的人不开口，开口的不知道，认识希拉里的人尤其如是。
Among those who know her well, only a handful spent as many hours in close proximity to the Clintons as McNeely. And while he was there, she barely noticed his presence. His job was to be unobtrusive. For six years, he was director of White House photography. He took black-and-white photos that he developed in a dark room in the White House basement.
在熟知希拉里的人中，只有不多几个人像麦尼利一样与希拉里密切相处那么长时间。他在场时，她都忘了他的存在，他的工作就是置身事外。六年来，他一直是白宫摄影主任。他拍黑白照片，在白宫的地下的暗室中洗出来。
McNeely followed the first couple almost everywhere — not even the family’s private apartment was off-limits. He was one of a small handful to receive advance copies of the presidential schedule. There was almost no meeting from which he was debarred. The result is more than half a million photographs, taken between 1992 and 1998.
麦尼利几乎和第一夫妇在一起，甚至私人住宅也不设防。他是为数不多的几个提前拿到总统日程的人，几乎没有什么会场不让他进去。1992年到1998年间，他拍了超过50万张照片。
“The only time my access was curtailed was during the ,” he says. “The Clintons were worried that my pictures might be subpoenaed by Kenneth Starr [the special prosecutor]. I suspect the real reason was they didn’t want anyone to witness the shouting matches they were having.”
他说：“只有一次进出受限，那就是莱温斯基丑闻期间。克林顿夫妇担心我拍的照片被肯尼思·史塔当做呈堂证供。我怀疑真正的原因是他们不想让其他人看到他们大吵大闹。”
Each of his pictures tells a story. One of the most revealing shows a 1994 press conference with Hillary Clinton seated in the East Room facing the assembled media. It was her first such event since becoming first lady. She was told it might be her last.
每张照片背后都有一段故事。最引人入胜的是1994年希拉里坐在白宫东厅接受媒体群访的照片。那是她做第一夫人以来第一场媒体活动。她被告知这可能是最后一次。
The White House had been besieged by rumours about the death of , a Clinton family friend from Arkansas and presidential counsel, who took his life following revelations over the Clintons’ failed Whitewater property deal — and a swirl of related subplots.
白宫正深陷文斯·福斯特死亡的丑闻之中，福斯特是克林顿家在阿肯色州时的朋友，也是总统顾问。克林顿夫妇在白水公司失败的地产交易以及与此有关的一干纠葛被曝光后，福斯特丧了命。
Among the journalists it’s possible to spot some big names, including Helen Thomas, the veteran reporter who covered every president since Dwight Eisenhower, and Andrea Mitchell, the news anchor married to Alan Greenspan, then US Federal Reserve chairman.
在场者不乏大牌记者，其中有海伦·托马斯，她从艾森豪威尔时代开始报道历任总统，还有嫁给当时美联储主席格林斯潘的新闻主播安德里亚·米歇尔。
The first lady’s attempt to stop the firestorm dramatically backfired. Whitewater led to the appointment of Starr as special prosecutor, whose investigative peregrinations eventually chanced on that fateful semen-stained dress of a White House intern. The picture shows an earnest Clinton trying in vain to put a lid on a pressure cooker.
第一夫人试图灭火，却事与愿违，情节颇为戏剧。由于白水事件，斯塔被任命为特别检察官，他的深入调查最终碰巧发现白宫实习生一条沾有精斑的裙子，这真是致命的。照片表现了一脸真诚的克林顿夫人没能压住高压锅的盖子。
But her husband’s evasions over his dalliance with Monica Lewinsky resulted in his impeachment — and the temporary breakdown of America’s most high-profile marriage.
可丈夫对自己与莱温斯基调情闪烁其词，这导致对他的弹劾，美国最高调的婚姻暂告破裂。
“Those were tough years,” says McNeely. “The whole atmosphere in the White House turned paranoid.” A wounded Clinton reportedly threw crockery and ashtrays at her husband, often finding her target. She has faced innumerable press firing squads since then. Should she win in November, she will face many more.
麦尼利说：“那些年真不容易。整个白宫的气氛战战兢兢。”据称，受到伤害的克林顿夫人向丈夫扔陶罐和烟灰缸，而且常常扔得很准。从那时起，她遭遇了数不清的媒体“行刑队”，要是她11月当选，还会面临更多。
Should Bill Clinton thus become America’s first First Gentleman — or First Guy, as some have suggested — there will be as much amateur psychology, if not more, about the couple as there was in the 1990s. With the Clintons, the marital psychodrama is rarely far from the politics.
要是比尔·克林顿成为美国的第一丈夫，也有人建议应该叫做“第一男人”，民间的心理学揣测将不亚于九十年代。对克林顿夫妇而言，他们的婚姻心理剧从未远离政治。
Another picture, also from the early White House years, shows Clinton standing in the Roosevelt Room near her husband, who is seated with aides. Mandy Grunwald, a political adviser, and Michael Sheehan, are in the frame. They are working on her healthcare reform bill, whose subsequent demise on Capitol Hill in 1994 triggered the second-biggest crisis of the Clinton years.
另一张照片也拍摄于白宫早年间，克林顿夫人在罗斯福屋，站在丈夫旁边，丈夫和几个助手坐在一起。政治顾问曼迪·葛伦渥德和迈克尔·席汗在照片里。他们正在商讨医改法案，1994年这一法案在国会山夭折，引发了克林顿任总统期间的第二场大危机。
She is clutching a sheaf of papers while casually running her hand through her hair. At one level, the picture is unexceptional. At another, it depicts the shattering of a 200-year precedent. Clinton was the first first lady to take charge of a serious policy initiative — Hillarycare was her husband’s top legislative priority.
她手里握着一沓纸，手自然地缕着头发。从一个层面说，这张图片谈不上与众不同；可从另一个层面讲，这张照片打破了200年的先例。克林顿是第一个负责严肃政策议程的第一夫人——希拉里医改是她丈夫的头号立法重点。
Clinton’s detractors, of whom there were many, had already bristled at her disregard for tradition. “I suppose I could have stayed at home and baked cookies,” she snapped during the 1992 campaign, thus offending the influential “stay-at-home Mom” vote, and legions of sexists.
克林顿的批判者有许多，他们因她无视传统而义愤填膺。1992年大选时，她声色俱厉地说：“我想我本应待在家里烤曲奇。”这惹恼了有影响力的“家庭主妇”选民以及大批性别歧视者。
Though “Buy one Clinton, and get one free” was one of the campaign’s informal mottoes, the idea of Hillary taking an overtly political role in the White House only further inflamed her critics. They thus took special glee in Hillarycare’s defeat. But the pragmatic way in which she handled that humiliation revealed another side to her character.
尽管“克林顿买一赠一”成为那次竞选的非正式口号之一，可希拉里公开在白宫扮演政治角色的想法进一步激怒她的批评者。于是希拉里医改的失败让他们尤其开心，可她应对那次羞辱的实用主义方式揭示了她性格的另外一面。
Much the same could be said 14 years later, when she dusted herself off after losing the Democratic nomination to Barack Obama. She quickly fell in behind his candidacy and later agreed to be his secretary of state.
十四年后也大体如是，在民主党提名战中输给奥巴马后，她拍拍灰尘，很快站在奥巴马一边，后来又答应出任国务卿。
“After Hillarycare failed, she did not sink into gloom, as Bill was prone to do at times,” says McNeely. “She dived into the next project with the same workaholic zeal. Nobody should underestimate how tough she is. There aren’t many men like her.”
麦尼利说：“希拉里医保法案失败后，她没有一蹶不振，反倒是比尔有时没法振作。她像个工作狂，热情饱满地投入到下一个项目中去。没人低估她的坚强，许多男人都不如她。”
On the campaign trail with adviser Bruce Lindsey, left and Bill Clinton, October 1996
Many of McNeely’s pictures show Clinton listening intently on the edge of presidential huddles — one on an MD80 plane during her husband’s 1996 re-election campaign. These, too, speak volumes. The president would happily allow Oval Office meetings to run on until the early hours. People would wander in and out.
在许多麦尼利的照片中，希拉里在一旁专心聆听总统的密谈，其中一张是1996年在MD80飞机上，当时她的丈夫正谋求连任，这些照片同样内涵丰富。总统在椭圆办公室开会，任其拖到凌晨，人们可以走进走出。
“Sometimes, people with no standing to the issue being discussed would just turn up and Bill would welcome them into his circle,” says McNeely. “It would infuriate the first lady.”
麦尼利说：“有时那些和讨论事项无关的人出现，比尔也欢迎他们加入，这让第一夫人很恼火。”
Often, she would bring her husband’s rambling meetings to a close and force him to take a decision. It was she in 1988 who convinced him it was too early to run for president — they were both in their early forties. She also persuaded him in 1993 to hire David Gergen, a former Republican adviser, to bring perspective to a White House in disarray after the failure of healthcare reform.
她经常叫停丈夫扯闲篇儿的会议，迫使他作出决定。正是她1988年说服丈夫，让他明白竞选总统为时过早，当时二人刚过不惑之年。1993年，她还劝说丈夫雇用共和党前顾问大卫·格根，让他给医改失败后处于混乱之中的白宫带来新意。
“People say she is only able to run for the presidency because she is married to Bill Clinton,” says McNeely. “That could be true. But I can’t imagine Bill would have made it to the White House without Hillary.”
麦尼利说：“人们说正是因为她嫁给了比尔·克林顿，才得以竞选总统。这可能是对的，但没有希拉里，我想象不出比尔能入主白宫。”
Hillary Clinton in upstate New York during her senate campaign in 2000
One of most recent pictures in McNeely’s portfolio shows her on a campaign bus when she was running for a New York Senate seat in 2000. As first lady, this also broke precedent. Surrounded by reporters, she looks almost Zen-like. Is her expression a blank mask, or does it convey inner composure? For her by then lame-duck — though still popular — husband, the New York Senate campaign was something of a life-saver.
麦尼利照片册中时间晚近的一张照片显示她2000年坐在竞选大巴上，当时她正竞选纽约参议员。作为第一夫人，这也是没有先例的。在记者的包围下，她看起来如入禅定。她的表情是一张空洞的面具，还是反映了内心的平静？当时他的丈夫人气仍然很高，却是只坡脚鸭，竞选纽约参议员就像一根救命稻草。
译注：总统最后一年任期被认为难有作为，所以称为“坡脚鸭”。奥巴马政府因民主党在2014年中期选举中失去多数党席位，所以早早就成了坡脚鸭。
Al Gore, the vice-president, who was running as the Democratic presidential nominee, pictured sharing a joke with Hillary, spurned the president’s help, possibly fatefully. (If Gore had won the Clinton home state of Arkansas, there would have been no need for that Florida recount.) President Clinton thus poured his energy into his wife’s campaign.
正在竞争民主党总统提名人的副总统阿尔·戈尔被拍到与希拉里讲笑话，当时他不屑于总统帮忙，这可能是要命的——如果戈尔赢下克林顿的老家阿肯色州，可能就无需要求对佛罗里达重新计票了——于是克林顿总统把劲儿使在妻子的竞选上了。
译注：2000年的美国总统大选在佛罗里达州计票程序上引起竞选双方的争议后，美国联邦最高法院判定佛罗里达州人工重新计票“违反宪法”，致使戈尔虽赢得比小布什多的选票，却输掉了选举。
“After the Lewinsky scandal broke, Gore never regained his respect for the president,” says McNeely. “But Hillary and Gore always got along really well. There was often a running banter between them.”
麦尼利说：“莱温斯基丑闻发生后，戈尔再也瞧不起克林顿了。可希拉里和戈尔关系一直不错，他们两人常常相互打趣。”
Over the next three months, in arguing for his wife’s historic bid. Speculation about his dicey health only rose last week when he gave his most personal address to date about the origins of their marriage. Though he had lost none of his rhetorical command, he looked gaunt and his hands shook at various points.
随后的三个月中，比尔·克林顿在支持妻子竞选中发挥了关键作用，这次竞选具有历史意义。上周他发表演讲时，追忆了他们如何步入婚姻，这是最个人化的一次演讲，有猜测说他健康问题堪忧，尽管他不失雄辩风范，却面色憔悴，双手不时颤抖。
Clinton clearly enjoyed the celebrity glamour of the first lady role. Though she never paid much attention to her wardrobe — “What she chose to wear often seemed to be the last and least important decision of the day,” says McNeely — she liked it when others did.
很明显，克林顿享受第一夫人带来的光环。尽管她从不太关注自己的衣橱——麦尼利说：“每天穿什么看起来常常是她一天中最不重要的决定”，可别人关注此事时，她却很高兴。
One of the pictures shows her being touched up for a shoot for Elle magazine. “They were adjusting her blouse and brushing a bit of rouge on her cheek and she seemed to be really loving it,” says McNeely. “I said: ‘You’re really good at this,’ and she just laughed.”
一张照片中，她准备上《世界时装之苑》杂志，正在让人修妆。麦尼利说：“他们整理她的衬衫，打了点腮红，她看起来很高兴。我说，你挺懂的嘛。她只是笑。”
Another shows Clinton, trailed by Diana, Princess of Wales; Anna Wintour, editor of Vogue; and Katharine Graham, the owner of the Washington Post; at a breast cancer awareness event in the White House. Ralph Lauren is just in the frame.
另一张照片显示克林顿走在前面，后面跟着威尔士王妃戴安娜、《时尚》杂志编辑安娜·温图尔和《华盛顿邮报》老板凯瑟琳·葛兰姆，她们参加在白宫举办的一场乳腺癌宣传活动，拉夫·劳伦也在相片中。
Clinton was in her element, says McNeely. “She sensed Diana was a little tongue-tied and she just did all the talking,” he says. “If you’ll forgive me for saying so, Diana wasn’t the sharpest tool in the box. But she knew enough to know that it was better not to say too much.”
麦尼利说，克林顿如鱼得水。“她发现戴安娜不太爱说话，她就不停地说。原谅我这么说，戴安娜的脑瓜不算灵光，可她知道少说为妙。”
Another photograph from this period shows the Clintons relaxing with the Blairs — the very pinnacle of Third Way power coupledom. Cherie Blair is kicking off her shoes, somewhat to the surprise of the Clintons.
这一时期的另一张照片中，克林顿夫妇和布莱尔夫妇轻松地坐在一起，克林顿和布莱尔都主张走第三条道路，两对有权势的夫妇当时正处于巅峰。切莉布莱尔踢掉鞋子，这颇让克林顿夫妇吃惊。
译注：第三条道路主要内容为：在的基础上，肯定的价值，强调解除管制、地方分权和低等政策。、、以及西班牙总理等人的政策就体现了“”的核心理念。
One of the most striking photographs is of a youthful-looking Clinton in 1992, on her husband’s first presidential campaign trail, holding a voter’s baby. She does not seem to notice it chewing on her sunglasses. An anxious onlooking parent seems unsure what to do. Even those most cynical about Clinton’s authenticity will concede her abiding interest in children’s rights — starting with her work for the Children’s Defence Fund in the 1970s.
最抓人眼球的照片之一是一脸青春的克林顿，那是1992年，在丈夫头一回总统竞选游说活动中，她抱着一个选民的宝宝。她看起来没注意到宝宝正在咬她的太阳镜，旁观的父亲显得手足无措。那些最不屑于克林顿会真心诚意的人，他们也会承认她自始至终关注儿童权利——从上世纪七十年代的儿童防卫基金开始。
After Hillarycare failed, she turned her attention to expanding children’s health insurance. That initiative did pass Congress. In 2007, I had to switch a one-to-one interview with Clinton into a telephone interview because I had to catch an urgent flight to New Delhi to do paperwork for my daughter’s adoption. Clinton asked where she was. I mentioned the name of the orphanage. “You mean the one behind civil lines in old Delhi?” she asked. “Yes, I’ve visited it.” She then spoke knowledgeably on the subject for several minutes.
希拉里医改失败后，她把注意力转向推广儿童健康保险，该议程在国会通过了。2007年，我不得不把对克林顿的面对面采访改为电话采访，因为我必须赶上去新德里的飞机，为收养我的女儿填一些文件。克林顿夫人问她在哪里，我提到了孤儿院的名字。“你说的是老德里市政府后面的那家吗？嗯，我去过那里。”然后她很内行地就这个事聊了几分钟。
My favourite photograph — and the most telling — shows Clinton at the Secret Service firing range in Beltsville, Maryland. A trainer steadies her shoulder as she fires the sniper rifle at a target. You can just make out the haze of an exploding glass bottle at the other end of the range. “Hillary is secretly a tomboy,” says McNeely. “She loves this kind of stuff.” She also takes the preparation seriously.
我最喜欢的一张照片，也是最说明问题的，希拉里在马里兰州贝茨维尔的特勤局靶场。她端着狙击步枪打靶，训练者托着她的肩膀。靶场另一边爆炸的玻璃瓶的焦点虚化了。麦尼利说：“希拉里背地里是个假小子，她喜欢这些东西。”她也认真做了准备。
I ask McNeely what Clinton’s years as first lady tell us about the kind of president she would be. McNeely evaluates what he sees as her core traits. “She is very quick to judge people,” he says. “If Bill senses someone doesn’t like him, he will spend hours trying to convert that person. Hillary doesn’t bother.”
我问麦尼利，克林顿做第一夫人的岁月说明她会是怎样的总统呢？麦尼利评估了他心中她的核心品质。“她迅速对别人做出评价，如果比尔感觉谁不喜欢他，他要花上几个小时试图改变那个人，希拉里不会这么劳神。”
Second, her White House would be “highly feminised”. Her East Wing was a very female counterpoint to her husband’s overwhelmingly male West Wing. She has already pledged that half her cabinet will be female.
第二，她掌管下的白宫会“相当女性化”。相比丈夫高度阳刚的西翼楼，她的东翼楼非常阴柔。她已许诺她的内阁将有一半是女人。
But she is also less Socratic. “She would spend a lot of time selecting the right people,” he says. “But my sense is that any aide who disagrees with her on the big subjects won’t last very long in the job.”
但她也不那么深思熟虑。“她会花很多时间选择正确的人，但我感觉在重大问题上和她有分歧的任何助手都不会干太久。”
Most importantly, she will always know more about her brief than anyone else. Grasp of detail will never be her weak point, though lack of an overarching vision has been. “There isn’t a person in the world who can outwork Hillary Clinton,” says McNeely. “Isn’t it funny that her opponent in this election is the laziest mind in the western world?”
更重要的是，她总是比别人更清楚她的职责。把握细节从来不是她的弱点，尽管缺少大局观曾经是。麦尼利说：“世界上没人比希拉里·克林顿更能干。她这次大选中的对手恰好是西方世界中最糊涂的，这难道不是很有趣吗？”
词汇
placid
not easily irritated. 波澜不惊的
例句：Japan contends that Chinese fishing and naval vessels in recent months have flocked in ever greater numbers to the disputed area, turning what was once a relatively placid outpost into a flash point.
日本声称中国渔船和海军舰艇在最近几个月越来越多地聚集在争议地区，把一个曾经相对平静的前哨变成了引爆点。
bristle at
show anger or indignation
例句：But they bristle at attacks on cops at a time when violent crime in their city is a national topic. （《洛杉矶时报》8月10日）
他们城市的暴力犯罪是全国热议的话题，此时袭击警察让他们气愤。
spurn
reject with contempt. 不屑一顾
例句：After all, Russia repeatedly spurns U.S. requests to cooperate in Syria, and the Obama administration simply responds with more requests.
无论如何，俄国反复拒绝美国在叙利亚进行合作的请求，奥巴马政府只是不断请求。
in one's element
doing something you like very much and are comfortable with. 得心应手
例句：Paul is in his element when he's working in the office,but when he's making sales calls, he's miserable.
保罗在办公室工作得心应手，可打推销电话则很糟糕。
口语
When someone says something nice to you--when they WISH YOU good, how can we respond? Well, we can always just say "Thank you!" But it is often better to say something like, "Thanks! You, too!" or "The same to you!"