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暴利茅台的众捧、众怒、真实与谎言

雨中红莲 2021-04-24
来源:律新观察

近日,贵州茅台集团的王总(总工程师)入围中国工程院院士遴选的新闻曝光后,持续引发公众热议。从“烟草”院士,到“白酒院士”,作为中国科技最高学术殿堂的“两院”院士遴选,再次引发巨大的争议。(参见:万万没想到,茅台要出院士了

事实上,茅台越是暴利,越得到人们的追捧。茅台集团的“崛起”不仅伴随着过度包装、暴利和谎言,更伴随着特殊年代的血色记忆。今天,为您推荐著名调查记者刘虎先生的一篇文章,让我们一起走近“茅台神话”,一窥神话背后的真相。

茅台酒厂内的三位创始人塑像(左起:王秉乾、赖永初、华问渠)


文 | 刘虎(著名调查记者),来源:网络

 

茅台酒的售价极其昂贵,一斤酒能抵一个普通家庭一月生活费,能喝得起茅台酒的人,在中国人群中所占的比例极小,可能连1%也不到。


有关茅台酒的知识,则大多是以讹传讹,或者出于厂商宣传需要加以歪曲的假知识。
 
作为一个先后四次去过茅台酒厂实地采访,对茅台酒历史作了深入研究的资深媒体人(我甚至写过茅台集团董事长袁仁国违规持有记者证,后该证被注销、发证报社受处罚,还与作家莫言违规持有记者证一道,引发了全国记者证大整顿),我有必要把我了解的茅台酒真知识告知公众。大家也可以通过阅读这篇问答形式的文章,对茅台酒做一个既快速又深入的了解。给朋友聊起,能给他们以专业人士的感觉。
 
Q:飞天茅台酒的酒精度是53度,据说是因为在这个度数,酱香型酒的酒精分子和水分子结合得最完美,是这样的吗?


茅台酒是怎么改成53度的?

A:茅台酒在建政以前,度数一直在60度到55度之间。后来它被从赖家、华家、王家三家民营烧坊成为国有企业,出口到国外市场换取外汇。外贸部门反馈说茅台酒的酒精度太高,外国人喝不惯,希望茅台酒进行降度。在这种情况下,1958年,茅台酒由55度降低至了53-52度。后来很多酱香型酒厂家也效仿,把酒精度定为53度。
 

2015年2月,茅台酒厂“中国酒文化城”提供个性化定制飞天茅台酒服务,每瓶价格为1159元。刘虎 摄


Q:茅台酒为什么会储藏3-5年以后才允许出厂?这其中有什么奥秘吗?

A:如果喝刚蒸馏出来的新酒,茅台酒很辣,口感并不太好。强制增加存放时间,可以令酒的口感发生变化。这发生在1956年——是年,食品工业部发出通知,要求茅台酒厂延长酒龄,必须储存在三年以后才准许勾兑出厂。茅台不允许新酒上市销售的“传统”从那时起,延续到了现在。这是茅台“新酒不出厂”的真正由来。

 
Q:茅台酒卖那么贵,产品质量怎么样?

A:现在的质量如何,我不掌握。但是从历史上看,茅台酒有多位党和国家领导人亲自关心,酒质仍非常糟糕的时候。
 
1954年,朱德亲自打电话到贵州省委,关心茅台酒的包装和质量,要求茅台酒采用传统工艺;1955年,周恩来也强调茅台酒一定要保证质量,轻工业部食品局还组成工作组,由局长杜子端亲自率队赴茅台厂,就茅台酒生产的操作、质量、声誉问题开展工作。然而,直到1956年,我看到的茅台酒厂一份内部资料显示,该厂的次品酒比例仍达到了惊人的55.39%。这真是产品质量极其差的一年。
 
而公开的报道还有不同的数据:《贵州都市报》2011年8月27日文章《五十年代茅台酒 不可不说郑义兴》披露:茅台酒厂1956年的合格酒仅有12.19%。1958年,酒厂对提升酒质有功的郑义兴“连升三级工资,奖皮大衣一件,并提升为副厂长,授予工程师称号”。
 
时至1986年,中共中央政治局委员、国务委员方毅还在念念不忘,强调茅台酒要保证质量。他在一次公开讲话中说“贵州茅台酒质量千万不能下降。千万不要忽视质量,我记得这是周总理生前一再交代的。”
 
Q:茅台酒真的是只有在茅台镇才能生产出来吗?是不是有这么神奇?

A:茅台酒是一种酱香型酒,而酱香酒是全国很多地方都能生产出来的。近的,如赤水河上游的金沙酒,赤水河下游的习酒、郎酒,离得不远的五粮液酒厂的永福酱酒等,最远的,东北都有酱香型酒生产。1980年,周高廉、邹开良、季克良等茅台酒厂主要领导就曾组成考察组,到湖南长沙、黑龙江哈尔滨、广东顺德县、北京昌平等地考察全国酱香酒发展情况。1990年,12个省市33个酱香型酒厂还成立全国酱香型酒协作组织,选举茅台酒厂为组长厂。
 
1980年,茅台酒厂领导考察全国酱香酒发展情况

“茅台酒只有在茅台镇才能生产出来”,是茅台前总工程师、前董事长季克良的宣传,这种说法并不可靠

1985年10月,在贵州省遵义市北郊十字铺的“贵州茅台酒易地生产试验”基地,国家科委召集28位领导专家联合对易地生产的“茅台”酒品进行鉴定,鉴定成员包括中国科学院副院长、化学学部委员严东生,中国科学院生物学部委员方心芳,白酒界泰斗、全国评酒委员考评组负责人周恒刚,全国评酒委员考评组成员曹述舜,著名酿造专家熊子书,贵州茅台酒厂工程师、全国评酒委员、后任茅台集团董事长、总工程师的季克良,以及后任中国食品工业协会白酒专业协会副会长的沈怡方,全国评酒委员刘洪晃,后任贵州董酒股份有限公司总工程师的贾翘彦等。鉴定专家组签名得出的结论是:“该酒色清、透明、微黄,酱香突出,味悠长,空杯留香持久。香味及微量元素成分与茅台酒相同,具有茅台酒基本风格……”
 

1985年参加茅台酒异地生产试验鉴定并在鉴定意见书上签字的季克良


国务院副总理方毅尝过试制酒以后说:“我喝了这个酒,觉得不比茅台差。”他为此欣然题词:“祝贺贵州茅台酒易地生产试验鉴定成功——酒中珍品。”
 
不过,“易地茅台”却没有成为茅台酒的分厂。原因是当时的贵州省经委为了培育更多的酒类品牌(贵州只有茅台和董酒两大名酒,而四川有五粮液、泸州老窖、剑南春等“五朵金花”),于1986年在该基地成立“贵州珍酒厂”,为其取名“珍酒”,独立于茅台进行发展,亦成为国家级优质酒。

 
2010年前后,茅台酒厂为了增加产量,还在赤水河下游的二合镇建设了新的生产基地——301车间。2012年,这个车间已投入生产。
 
茅台为了宣传其酿造的神秘性、困难性以及数量稀缺性,支撑其暴利,实在是无所不用其极。
 
Q:听说茅台酒喝得再多第二天也不“头疼”,是真的吗?茅台酒是否护肝,有保健作用?

A:“不头疼”只能说是酒太贵,喝的量不够多。所谓“护肝”,也是茅台前董事长季克良说的,不具有科学性。世界卫生组织下属的国际癌症协会(IARC)早在1988年就已经把酒精饮料定为一类致癌物;更不用说,酒精在人体内的初级代谢物乙醛,也在更早的时候被定为一类致癌物了。2017年来自美国临床肿瘤协会的最新数据显示:41%的口腔癌,23%的喉癌,22%的肝癌和21%的食管癌,均于饮酒相关。
 
茅台是不是酒精饮料?别的酒都致癌,就它不致癌,还有利身体健康?逗你玩呢。任何酒都以少喝为宜,茅台不比别的酒更健康。
 
Q:茅台酒的“绿色食品”、“有机食品”认证是否可靠?

A:早在2013年,贵州茅台就被《时代周报》曝出酿酒原料的有机认证造假。该报走访发现,茅台遍布仁怀市21个乡镇的30万亩有机生态原料基地,在种植过程中常年大量使用“美邦蓝剑:高效氯氰菊酯”和“高效氯氟氰菊酯”等高效化学农药,严重违反国家《有机产品标准手册》规定,完全背离了有机产品应遵循自然和生态学原理的种植规定。
 
该报还曝出,由于茅台原料供应紧张,茅台酒大量使用了外地原料。
 
对这家媒体质疑的酿酒原料有机认证造假以及原料种植使用农药等问题,茅台避而不谈。它当初顺利获得了“绿色食品”和“有机食品”的认证;如今,这两项认证也没有取消。
 
Q:茅台酒的1915年“巴拿马金奖”是不是真的?听说茅台酒是在巴拿马展会上“怒掷酒瓶振国威,大长‘东亚病夫’志气”?

A:1982年的《旅行家》杂志上发表了一篇题为《坎坷两千年,酒香飘万里漫话茅台酒》的文章,提到“(巴拿马)展览会开幕后,有人不慎,把摆在地上的一瓶茅台酒踢翻,结果瓶破酒流,香气四溢,轰动博览会。这也许是传说。”这后来成为谬误流传的“怒掷酒瓶振国威”故事。
 
茅台酒的前身获得了什么奖,中国参与巴拿马太平洋博览会监督兼筹备事务局局长、代表团团长陈琪1917年出版的《中国参与巴拿马太平洋万国博览会纪实》一书,讲的已经很清楚。该书尽列中国产品在巴拿马博览会上获奖名单。书中记载,白酒产品获得最高奖项即(甲)大奖章的,只有山西、直隶、河南选送的三种高粱酒,其中唯一具有品牌名称的白酒是汾酒,四川省、陕西省并没有任何酒类产品获奖。贵州公署选送的酒获得的是银奖,相当于五等奖。
 
2015年《长江商报》采访到时任茅台董事和名誉董事长的季克良。季克良承认对于当年到底得的是一个什么奖,不得而知。“有的说金奖,有的说是二等奖,具体的,因为我们是后来人,奖章奖状也没有了”。他表示,酒厂曾经想方设法找过,但没有找到。
 
季克良说:“用汾酒的说法,它是金奖,还有一个是老白干。可能(的确)是他们说的……你想想,汾酒的香气成分比较简单,和洋酒比较接近,又是洋酒(评委)评的,他们会不会就评这些跟他们香型接近的酒?他们很可能就排在……怎么样……现在我也不好说。它(汾酒)是什么奖,我(茅台)是什么奖,我觉得没有必要争论,就算是它得了金奖,也就是个清香型的酒,我觉得没什么了不得。”
 
Q:红军路过茅台镇时,贴《公告》保护过茅台酒吗?

A:茅台“中国酒博物馆”内陈列有“红军贴布告保护茅台镇烧坊”图片,以及一篇《关于(红军)保护茅台酒的布告》杂志文章(配有《布告》原物照片),称:1935年春,红军总政治部在抵达茅台镇前,为保护茅台酒生产作坊不受损失,在成义等三家酒坊门口贴上《布告》,不让任何人闯入,严格加以保护。此文章看上去有板有眼,来源于2012年6月《贵州文化遗产》杂志。
 
但该文章作者、遵义会议纪念馆研究馆员王云丽在2015年接受香港《亚洲财经》特约记者采访时已承认:所谓的保护《布告》文物经仔细甄别,为伪作。
 
中共建政后一些被封为上将、中将、少将的当年亲历者,公开出版的回忆录,均讲述茅台镇上的酒按当时政策被红军“没收”,也印证了所谓保护《布告》子虚乌有。
 
譬如曾担任24军军长、北京军区副司令员的张云龙少将就在其《革命回忆录》(人民出版社,1984年)中回忆:
 
就在绕圈子的过程中,我们不仅大量歼灭了国民党中央军和湘、川、黔、滇等地方军阀队伍,而且还有幸饱尝了世界闻名的贵州特产——茅台美酒,云南特产——宣威火腿。
 
因为当时的茅台酿酒公司和宣威火腿公司,均属官僚资本,都是“没收充公”和“开仓济贫”的对象,所以,部队和老百姓都受益不小。
 
Q:茅台酒是“开国第一宴”用酒吗?

A:1949年9月21日,第一次全国政治协商会议在北京开幕,会期共进行10天,9月30日胜利闭幕。在第一次全国政治协商会议开幕和闭幕之日以及开国大典之日,都举行了隆重的国宴,这三次国宴,是新中国成立伊始最早的国宴。
 
当时国宴用什么白酒?茅台多年来宣称,在北京饭店举办开国第一宴,经中央领导审定,国宴用酒定为茅台。“茅台作为‘国酒’所肩负的国家荣誉和国家责任,似乎从那一个永镌青史的日子就已开始。”“国运兴,国酒兴,当年为红军疗伤洗尘的茅台酒终于成为共和国的‘开国喜酒’。”
 
著名历史教师纪连海研究认为,第一国宴用的酒,是汾酒无疑。因为这次用酒必须得有几个标准:一是须是中国名酒,二是便于运输,三是足量供应。当时的贵州还属于国民党统治区,根本无法运送大量的茅台镇烧酒到北京。能够达到这个要求的只有一种酒——山西汾酒。
 
汾酒2011年还曾在北京召开新闻发布会,为其才是共和国第一国宴的用酒正名。汾酒厂组织人员走访了在场目击者、专家学者,还找到了当时汾酒厂负责人杨汉三的日记。
 
原中央警卫局战士、北京饭店副总经理高彤证实:他曾亲历国宴现场,喝的酒是汾酒。
 
据《北京饭店史闻》记载,开国第一宴完全没有茅台酒的踪影:“1949年6月,北京解放不久,党中央邀请各民主党派、人民团体、少数民族、海外华侨等130多人来北京,参加新政治协商会议筹备会,共同商讨建国大计。为了接待好这些住店代表,饭店现从坐落在锡拉胡同的玉华台饭庄聘请了朱殿荣、王杜堃、孙久富等9位厨师。‘玉华台’是地道的淮扬风味,专门做大菜筵席的高级饭庄,在过去的北平颇有名气,来的这几位厨师也各有擅长……1949年开国大典的盛大宴会,就是完全用淮扬菜举办的。”
 
茅台酒厂自己拍摄的《百年茅台》系列宣传片,也只提到茅台酒1949年以前被卖到过重庆、贵阳、香港,并未提到北京。而且直到1950年第一个“国庆”典礼,周恩来决定“将贵州茅台酒作为宴会用酒。但偌大一个北京,竟没有茅台酒出售。”
 
Q:说茅台酒是带血的酒是怎么回事?

A:这是一段比较沉痛的历史。1959、1960、1961三年,是中国现代历史上最饥饿的年代,茅台酒却不断增大规模,合计产量为2079吨(其中出口139.86吨),大约相当于700万听(355ml/听)可口可乐。这一巨大产量对于当时大多数中国人正挣扎在饥饿线上的国力来说是非常奢华的。
 
独立批评家、历史学者帅好研究,建国前,当地遇上旱涝灾害,粮食减产,米珠薪桂,为了民食,政府下令全县严禁煮酒熬糖,禁令森严,就是下了窖的沙,也不准翻烤,已烤存的酒不许出售。而1959-1961年,按照茅台酒粮酒生产5:1的比例计算,即生产一斤酒,耗费粮食五斤,2079吨茅台酒,耗去原粮约1.04万吨,约等于茅台酒的产地仁怀县20万人3个月的口粮,如果不酿酒,能够把更多的人从饥饿、死亡的沼泽里拉出来。
 
根据历史记载,仅1959年,仁怀全县就“疾病”死亡(饿死)6130人;1961年仅1月1日至27日,就死亡1965人……惨不忍睹。
 
在这个时间段酿造的茅台酒,被称为“带血的茅台”恰如其分,因为它是用许许多多底层人的生命换来的。这段历史,值得中国人永远铭记。

最后献上一段视频,看一看暴利下茅台的真实与谎言,观看视频时别忘了双击屏幕给个小红心。


50. All you can do is to try your best. Even with those small steps, you're closer to your goal than you were yesterday. 我们能做的只是拼尽全力,即使迈出的步子再小,也比昨天要更接近自己的目标。51. A smile is the shortest distance between two people. 微笑是人与人之间最短的距离。52. Do or do not. There is no try. 要么做,要么滚!没有试试看这一说。53. Courage is being afraid but going on anyhow. 勇气就是虽感恐惧,但仍会前行。54. A man can be destroyed but not defeated. 人可以被毁灭,但不可以被打败。55. A truly happy person is one who can enjoy the scenery while on a detour. 真正快乐的人是那种在走弯路时也不忘享受风景的人。56. No dream is too big, and no dreamer is too small. 梦想再大也不嫌大,追梦的人再小也不嫌小。57. It doesn't matter how many times you fail. What matters is how many times you stand up and try again. 失败多少次不重要,重要的是你能重新站起来多少次,并且继续前行。58. Silence is the most powerful cry. 沉默是最有力的呐喊。《美丽人生》 59. A little consideration, a little thought for others makes all the difference. 一点点体贴,一点点为他人着想,会让一切都不一样。60. Stop waiting for things to happen.Go out and make them happen. 别指望事情会自然发生,行动起来,让它们变成可能!61. Don't look forward to tomorrow, don't miss yesterday, to grasp today. 不憧憬明天,不留念昨天,只把握今天。62. Now we don't call it alive. It's just not to die. 我们现在不叫活着,这只是没有死去。《疯狂原始人》 63. You can change your life if you want to. Sometimes you have to be hard on yourself, but you can change it completely. 有志者事竟成。有时虽劳其筋骨,但命运可以彻底改变。《唐顿庄园》 64. Time will bring a surprise, if you believe. 时间会带来惊喜,如果你相信的话。《浮生物语》 65. What others think is not important . How you feel about yourself is all that matters. 别人怎么想并不重要,你怎么看自己才是关键。66. Don't cry because it is over,smile because it happened. 不要因为结束而哭泣,微笑吧,因为你曾经拥有。67. Tomorrow is never clear. Our time is here. 明天是未知的,我们还是享受此刻吧!《摇滚夏令营》 68. Life is either a daring adventure or nothing at all. 生活要么大胆尝试,要么什么都不是。69. Pursue excellence and success will follow. 追求卓越,成功自然来。《三傻大闹宝莱坞》 70. Climb mountains not so the world can see you, but so you can see the world. 爬上山顶并不是为了让全世界看到你,而是让你看到整个世界。71. Every step towards your dream today is a step away from your regret tomorrow. 今日为梦想所付出的每一份努力都会减少明日的一份后悔。72. It's never too late to be what you might have been. 勇敢做自己,永远都不迟。(乔治·艾略特) 73. It's time to start living the life you've imagined. 是时候开始过自己想要的生活了!95. How can men succumb to force? 男人怎么能屈服于“武力”之下?《海贼王》 96. Life is like live TV show. There is no rehearsal. 人生没有彩排,只有现场直播。97. Dress shabbily and they remember the dress; dress impeccably and they remember the woman. 穿着破旧,人们记住衣服;穿着无瑕,人们则记住衣服里的女人。(Coco Chanel) 98. Hope is a good thing, maybe the best of things. And no good thing ever dies. 希望是一件好事,也许是人间至善,而美好的事永不消逝。《肖申克的救赎》 99. There are so many beautiful reasons to be happy. 有太多太多美好的理由让你笑对生活。100. Where the more different you are, the better. 你们之间越是不同,越好。(Glee) 101. I'm only brave when I have to be. Being brave doesn't mean you go looking for trouble. 我只在必要时才勇敢,勇敢并不代表你要到处闯祸。《狮子王》 102. Behind every successful man there's a lot of unsuccessful years. 每个牛B的成功者都经历过苦B的岁月。(鲍博.布朗) 103. If you want something done, do it yourself. 靠谁都不如靠自己。《第五元素》 104. Life is a wonderful journey. Make it your journey and not someone else's. 生命是一段精彩旅程,要活的有自己的样子,而不是别人的影子。105. No matter how many mistakes you make or how slowly you progress, you are already ahead of those who never tried. 无论你犯了多少错,或者进步得有多慢,你都走在了那些不曾尝试的人的前面。106. Some things are so important that they force us to overcome our fears. 总有些更重要的事情,赋予我们打败恐惧的勇气。107. Say to yourself: "No matter how many obstacles I encounter in life, I will do all that I can to complete the whole course." 请对自己说:无论生活之路上会遇到多少障碍,我会竭尽所能地跑完这一程。108. No cross, no crown. 不经历风雨,怎么见彩虹。109. Try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value. 与其努力成功,不如努力成为有价值的人。(爱因斯坦) 110. Remember when life's path is steep to keep your mind even. 记住:当人生很苦逼的时候,你要保持淡定。111. If you're brave enough to say GOODBYE, life will reward you with a new HELLO. 只要你勇敢地说出再见,生活一定会给你一个新的开始。112. Sometimes the right path is not the easiest one. 对的那条路,往往不是最好走的。113. Just trust yourself, then you will know how to live. 只要相信自己,你就会懂得如何去生活。114. In life it's not where you go. It's who you travel with. 生命中,重要的不是你去哪里,而是与谁同行。115. Life is like a rainbow. You don't always know what's on the other side, but you know it's there. 生活像一道彩虹,你不知道另一端通向哪里,但你会知道,它总是在那里。116. When the world says,"Give up!"Hope whispers,"Try it one more time." 当全世界都在说“放弃”的时候,希望却在耳边轻轻地说:“再试一次吧”!117. I don't care about other questions and I just try to be myself. 我不在乎别人的质疑,我只会做好自己。118. Attempt doesn't necessarily bring success, but giving up definitely leads to failure. 努力不一定成功,但放弃一定失败!119. The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today. 对明天最好的准备就是今天做到最好。120. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart. 你已经一无所有,没有什么道理不顺心而为。(乔布斯) 121. Life is a journey, one that is much better traveled with a companion by our side. 人生是一场旅程,我们最好结伴同行。122. Sometimes you have to fall before you can fly. 有时候,你得先跌下去,才能飞起来。123. If you are able to appreciate beauty in the ordinary, your life will be more vibrant. 如果你擅于欣赏平凡中的美好,你的生活会更加多姿多彩。124. Be who you are, and never ever apologize for that! 坚持做自己,并永远不要为此而后悔!125. Consider the bad times as down payment for the good times. Hang in there. 把苦日子当做好日子的首付,坚持就是胜利!126. Do not pray for easy lives, pray to be stronger. 与其祈求生活平淡点,还不如祈求自己强大点。127. Everybody can fly without wings when they hold on to their dreams. 坚持自己的梦想,即使没有翅膀也能飞翔。128. There is no such thing as a great talent without great will power. 没有伟大的意志力,便没有雄才大略。129. You can't change your situation. The only thing that you can change is how you choose to deal with it. 境遇难以改变,你能改变的唯有面对它时的态度。130. Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well. 凡是值得做的事,就值得做好。131. Perfection is not just about control.It's also about letting go. 完美不仅在于控制,也在于释放。《黑天鹅》 132. Dream is what makes you happy, even when you are just trying. 梦想就是一种让你感到坚持就是幸福的东西。133. Never frown,because you never know who is falling in love with your smile. 别愁眉不展,因为你不知道谁会爱上你的笑容。134. It's easy once you know how. 一旦你明白,就会很简单。135. In order to be irreplaceable, one must always be different. 要做到不可替代,就要与众不同。136. I honestly think it is better to be a failure at something you love than to be a success at something you hate. 宁愿失败地做你爱做的事情,也不要成功地做你恨做的事情。(George Burns) 137. Don't hide. Run! You'll make it to tomorrow. 别躲避,奔跑吧,你就会找到明天。138. Life comes with many challenges.The ones that should not scare us are the ones we can take on and take control of. 生活充满了挑战,唯有勇敢面对并自我掌控,我们才能克服恐惧。(安吉丽娜·朱莉) 139. Life doesn't just happen to you; you receive everything in your life based on what you've given. 一切发生在你身上的都不是碰巧。你获得什么,在于你付出了什么。140.You are more beautiful than you think. 你,要比你想象的更美丽。141. Throughout life's complications, you should maintain such a sense of elegance. 不管生活有多不容易,你都要守住自己的那一份优雅。142. When you feel like giving up, remember why you held on so long in the first place. 每当你想要放弃的时候,就想想是为了什么才一路坚持到现在。143. Enjoy your youth.You'll never be younger than you are at this very moment. 好好享受青春,你再也不会有哪个时刻会比此时更年轻了。144. You'd better bring, cause I'll bring every I've got it. 你最好全神贯注,因为我定会全力以赴!145. Take time to enjoy the simple things in life. 慢慢享受生活中的简单。146. As long as you are still alive, you will definitely encounter the good things in life. 只要活着就一定会遇上好事。147. Hold on, it gets better than you know. 挺住,事情会比你想像中要好!148. If you are fine,the sun will always shine. 你若安好,便是晴天。149. What doesn't kill you makes you stronger. 磨难会让你更强大。150. Every life deserves our respect. 每一个生命都应该被尊重。151. The best feeling in the world is when you know your heart is smiling. 世间最美好的感受,就是发现自己的心在笑。152. Don't ever underestimate the heart of a champion. 永远不要低估一颗冠军的心。(Rudy Tomjanovich) 153. There is nothing permanent except change. 唯一不变的是变化。154. The difference between successful persons and others is that they really act. 成功者和其他人最大的区别就是,他们真正动手去做了。155. Don't follow the crowd, let the crowd follow you. 不要随波逐流,要引领潮流。(Margaret Thatcher) 156. People pay in advance for a coffee meant for someone who cannot afford a warm beverage. 人们提前买咖啡,让付不起的人享受温暖。157. No one is born a genius.Just keep on doing what you like and that itself is a talent. 哪有什么天才!坚持做你喜欢的事情,这本身就是一种天赋。(大野智) 158. The world is a book, and those who do not travel read only one page. 世界是一本书,不旅行的人只读了其中一页。159. You can create something more glorious than the championship. 你可以创造比冠军更荣耀的事。160. You never get a second chance to make a first impression. 永远没有第二次机会,给人留下第一印象。161. You can always be a worse version of "him", or better version of yourself. 你不是要做一个单纯优秀的人,而是要做一个不可替代的人。162. Give every day the chance to become the most beautiful day of your life. 让每一天都有机会成为你人生中最美好的一天。163. Honesty is the best policy. 做人以诚信为本。164. To a crazy ship all winds are contrary. 对于一只漫无目标的船而言,任何方向的风都是逆风。165. The outer world you see is a reflection of your inner self. 你看到什么样的世界,你就拥有什么样的内心。166. Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。167. Knowing what you cannot do is far more important than knowing what you are capable of. 知道自己不能做什么远比知道自己能做什么重要。168. People cry, not because they're weak. It's because they've been strong for too long. 哭泣,不代表脆弱,只因坚强了太久。169. Don't let yesterday use up too much of today. 别留念昨天了,把握好今天吧。(Will Rogers) 170. If you are not brave enough, no one will back you up. 你不勇敢,没人替你坚强。171. If you don't build your dream, someone will hire you to build theirs. 如果你没有梦想,那么你只能为别人的梦想打工。172. Beauty is all around, if you just open your heart to see. 只要你给自己机会,你会发现你的世界可以很美丽。173. The difference in winning and losing is most often...not quitting. 赢与输的差别通常是--不放弃。(华特·迪士尼) 174. I am ordinary yet unique. 我很平凡,但我独一无二。175. I like people who make me laugh in spite of myself. 我喜欢那些让我笑起来的人,就算是我不想笑的时候。176. Image a new story for your life and start living it. 为你的生命想一个全新剧本,并去倾情出演吧!177. I'd rather be a happy fool than a sad sage. 做个悲伤的智者,不如做个开心的傻子。178. The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams. 未来属于那些相信梦想之美的人。(埃莉诺·罗斯福) 179. Even if you get no applause, you should accept a curtain call gracefully and appreciate your own efforts. 即使没有人为你鼓掌,也要优雅的谢幕,感谢自己的认真付出。180. Don't let dream just be your dream. 别让梦想只停留在梦里。181. A day without laughter is a day wasted. 没有笑声的一天是浪费了的一天。(卓别林) 182. Travel and see the world; afterwards, you will be able to put your concerns in perspective. 去旅行吧,见的世面多了,你会发现原来在意的那些结根本算不了什么。183. The key to acquiring proficiency in any task is repetition. 任何事情成功关键都是熟能生巧。《生活大爆炸》 184. You can be happy no matter what. 开心一点吧,管它会怎样。185. A good plan today is better than a perfect plan tomorrow. 今天的好计划胜过明天的完美计划。186. Nothing is impossible, the word itself says 'I'm possible'! 一切皆有可能!“不可能”的意思是:“不,可能。”(奥黛丽·赫本) 187. Life isn't fair, but no matter your circumstances, you have to give it your all. 生活是不公平的,不管你的境遇如何,你只能全力以赴。188. No matter how hard it is, just keep going because you only fail when you give up. 无论多么艰难,都要继续前进,因为只有你放弃的那一刻,你才输了。189. It requires hard work to give off an appearance of effortlessness. 你必须十分努力,才能看起来毫不费力。190. Life is like riding a bicycle.To keep your balance,you must keep moving. 人生就像骑单车,只有不断前进,才能保持平衡。(爱因斯坦) 191. Be thankful for what you have.You'll end up having more. 拥有一颗感恩的心,最终你会得到更多。192. Beauty is how you feel inside, and it reflects in your eyes. 美是一种内心的感觉,并反映在你的眼睛里。(索菲亚·罗兰) 193. Friendship doubles your joys, and divides your sorrows. 朋友的作用,就是让你快乐加倍,痛苦减半。194. When you long for something sincerely, the whole world will help you. 当你真心渴望某样东西时,整个宇宙都会来帮忙。     When Paul Jobs was mustered out of the Coast Guard after World War II, he made a wager with his crewmates. They had arrived in San Francisco, where their ship was decommissioned, and Paul bet that he would find himself a wife within two weeks. He was a taut, tattooed engine mechanic, six feet tall, with a passing resemblance to James Dean. But it wasn’t his looks that got him a date with Clara Hagopian, a sweet-humored daughter of Armenian immigrants. It was the fact that he and his friends had a car, unlike the group she had originally planned to go out with that evening. Ten days later, in March 1946, Paul got engaged to Clara and won his wager. It would turn out to be a happy marriage, one that lasted until death parted them more than forty years later. Paul Reinhold Jobs had been raised on a dairy farm in Germantown, Wisconsin. Even though his father was an alcoholic and sometimes abusive, Paul ended up with a gentle and calm disposition under his leathery exterior. After dropping out of high school, he wandered through the Midwest picking up work as a mechanic until, at age nineteen, he joined the Coast Guard, even though he didn’t know how to swim. He was deployed on the USS General M. C. Meigs and spent much of the war ferrying troops to Italy for General Patton. His talent as a machinist and fireman earned him commendations, but he occasionally found himself in minor trouble and never rose above the rank of seaman. Clara was born in New Jersey, where her parents had landed after fleeing the Turks in Armenia, and they moved to the Mission District of San Francisco when she was a child. She had a secret that she rarely mentioned to anyone: She had been married before, but her husband had been killed in the war. So when she met Paul Jobs on that first date, she was primed to start a new life. Like many who lived through the war, they had experienced enough excitement that, when it was over, they desired simply to settle down, raise a family, and lead a less eventful life. They had little money, so they moved to Wisconsin and lived with Paul’s parents for a few years, then headed for Indiana, where he got a job as a machinist for International Harvester. His passion was tinkering with old cars, and he made money in his spare time buying, restoring, and selling them. Eventually he quit his day job to become a full-time used car salesman. Clara, however, loved San Francisco, and in 1952 she convinced her husband to move back there. They got an apartment in the Sunset District facing the Pacific, just south of Golden Gate Park, and he took a job working for a finance company as a “repo man,” picking the locks of cars whose owners hadn’t paid their loans and repossessing them. He also bought, repaired, and sold some of the cars, making a decent enough living in the process. There was, however, something missing in their lives. They wanted children, but Clara had suffered an ectopic pregnancy, in which the fertilized egg was implanted in a fallopian tube rather than the uterus, and she had been unable to have any. So by 1955, after nine years of marriage, they were looking to adopt a child. Like Paul Jobs, Joanne Schieble was from a rural Wisconsin family of German heritage. Her father, Arthur Schieble, had immigrated to the outskirts of Green Bay, where he and his wife owned a mink farm and dabbled successfully in various other businesses, including real estate and photoengraving. He was very strict, especially regarding his daughter’s relationships, and he had strongly disapproved of her first love, an artist who was not a Catholic. Thus it was no surprise that he threatened to cut Joanne off completely when, as a graduate student at the University of Wisconsin, she fell in love with Abdulfattah “John” Jandali, a Muslim teaching assistant from Syria. Jandali was the youngest of nine children in a prominent Syrian family. His father owned oil refineries and multiple other businesses, with large holdings in Damascus and Homs, and at one point pretty much controlled the price of wheat in the region. His mother, he later said, was a “traditional Muslim woman” who was a “conservative, obedient housewife.” Like the Schieble family, the Jandalis put a premium on education. Abdulfattah was sent to a Jesuit boarding school, even though he was Muslim, and he got an undergraduate degree at the American University in Beirut before entering the University of Wisconsin to pursue a doctoral degree in political science. In the summer of 1954, Joanne went with Abdulfattah to Syria. They spent two months in Homs, where she learned from his family to cook Syrian dishes. When they returned to Wisconsin she discovered that she was pregnant. They were both twenty-three, but they decided not to get married. Her father was dying at the time, and he had threatened to disown her if she wed Abdulfattah. Nor was abortion an easy option in a small Catholic community. So in early 1955, Joanne traveled to San Francisco, where she was taken into the care of a kindly doctor who sheltered unwed mothers, delivered their babies, and quietly arranged closed adoptions. Joanne had one requirement: Her child must be adopted by college graduates. So the doctor arranged for the baby to be placed with a lawyer and his wife. But when a boy was born—on February 24, 1955—the designated couple decided that they wanted a girl and backed out. Thus it was that the boy became the son not of a lawyer but of a high school dropout with a passion for mechanics and his salt-of-the-earth wife who was working as a bookkeeper. Paul and Clara named their new baby Steven Paul Jobs. When Joanne found out that her baby had been placed with a couple who had not even graduated from high school, she refused to sign the adoption papers. The standoff lasted weeks, even after the baby had settled into the Jobs household. Eventually Joanne relented, with the stipulation that the couple promise—indeed sign a pledge—to fund a savings account to pay for the boy’s college education. There was another reason that Joanne was balky about signing the adoption papers. Her father was about to die, and she planned to marry Jandali soon after. She held out hope, she would later来源:小兵说天下

延伸阅读


那个3千美元不如2千人民币的陈教授终于跑美国生活了!

万万没想到,茅台要出院士了

茅台科技,饮领全球,怎么就不能出个院士了?

茅台院士,掌握了哪些核心科技?

国人对房子和茅台的信仰,会破灭吗?

茅台也这么玩?30年50年陈酿系勾兑?

一个“抢茅台”的上亿资金盘,跑路了!


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