中级笔译翻译技巧之省译法和转换法

省译法

省译法：这是与增译法相对应的一种翻译方法，即删去不符合目标语思维习惯、语言习惯和表达方式的词，以避免译文累赘。增译法的例句反之即可。又如：

(1)You will be staying in this hotel during your visit in Beijing.

你在北京访问期间就住在这家饭店里。(省译物主代词)

(2)I hope you will enjoy your stay here.

希望您在这儿过得愉快。(省译物主代词)

(3)中国政府历来重视环境保护工作。

The Chinese government has always attached great importance to environmental protection. (省译名词)

转换法

转换法：指翻译过程中为了使译文符合目标语的表述方式、方法和习惯而对原句中的词类、句型和语态等进行转换。具体的说，就是在词性方面，把名词转换为代词、形容词、动词;把动词转换成名词、形容词、副词、介词;把形容词转换成副词和短语。在句子成分方面，把主语变成状语、定语、宾语、表语;把谓语变成主语、定语、表语;把定语变成状语、主语;把宾语变成主语。在句型方面，把并列句变成复合句，把复合句变成并列句，把状语从句变成定语从句。在语态方面，可以把主动语态变为被动语态。如：

(1)我们学院受教委和市政府的双重领导。

Our institute is co-administrated by the States Education Commission and the municipal government. (名词转动词)

(2)Too much exposure to TV programs will do great harm to the eyesight of children.

孩子们看电视过多会大大地损坏视力。(名词转动词)

(3)由于我们实行了改革开放政策，我国的综合国力有了明显的增强。

Thanks to the introduction of our reform and opening policy, our comprehensive national strength has greatly improved. (动词转名词)

(4)I’m all for you opinion.

我完全赞成你的意见。(介词转动词)

(5)The reform and opening policy is supported by the whole Chinese people.

改革开放政策受到了全中国人民的拥护。(动词转名词)

(6)In his article the author is critical of man’s negligence toward his environment.

作者在文章中，对人类疏忽自身环境作了批评。(形容词转名词)

(7)In some of the European countries, the people are given the biggest social benefits such as medical insurance.

在有些欧洲国家里，人民享受最广泛的社会福利，如医疗保险等。(被动语态转主动语态)

(8)时间不早了，我们回去吧!

We don’t have much time left. Let’s go back. (句型转换)

(9)学生们都应该德、智、体全面发展。

All the students should develop morally, intellectually and physically. (名词转副词)

来源：中国外文局翻译专业资格考评中心，谨致谢忱！

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