逃兵。管轶！

截止2020年2月11日20时。

香港的新型冠状确诊病例累计49例。死亡1人。

这是一个拥有752万常住人口的国际化的大城市。

这是一个人口非常密集的弹丸之地。

在中国的所有这种级别的大城市中，

能够拥有这样战绩的。

香港独一无二！

而创造了这个奇迹的人。就是逃兵管轶！

https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/YtXr1NY7k_dVziDzyVNRt

https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/YtXr1NY7k_dVziDzyVNRtQ
 When Paul Jobs was mustered out of the Coast Guard after World War II, he made a wager with his crewmates. They had arrived in San Francisco, where their ship was decommissioned, and Paul bet that he would find himself a wife within two weeks. He was a taut, tattooed engine mechanic, six feet tall, with a passing resemblance to James Dean. But it wasn’t his looks that got him a date with Clara Hagopian, a sweet-humored daughter of Armenian immigrants. It was the fact that he and his friends had a car, unlike the group she had originally planned to go out with that evening. Ten days later, in March 1946, Paul got engaged to Clara and won his wager. It would turn out to be a happy marriage, one that lasted until death parted them more than forty years later.Paul Reinhold Jobs had been raised on a dairy farm in Germantown, Wisconsin. Even though his father was an alcoholic and sometimes abusive, Paul ended up with a gentle and calm disposition under his leathery exterior. After dropping out of high school, he wandered through the Midwest picking up work as a mechanic until, at age nineteen, he joined the Coast Guard, even though he didn’t know how to swim. He was deployed on the USS General M. C. Meigs and spent much of the war ferrying troops to Italy for General Patton. His talent as a machinist and fireman earned him commendations, but he occasionally found himself in minor trouble and never rose above the rank of seaman.Clara was born in New Jersey, where her parents had landed after fleeing the Turks in Armenia, and they moved to the Mission District of San Francisco when she was a child. She had a secret that she rarely mentioned to anyone: She had been married before, but her husband had been killed in the war. So when she met Paul Jobs on that first date, she was primed to start a new life.Like many who lived through the war, they had experienced enough excitement that, when it was over, they desired simply to settle down, raise a family, and lead a less eventful life. They had little money, so they moved to Wisconsin and lived with Paul’s parents for a few years, then headed for Indiana, where he got a job as a machinist for International Harvester. His passion was tinkering with old cars, and he made money in his spare time buying, restoring, and selling them. Eventually he quit his day job to become a full-time used car salesman.Clara, however, loved San Francisco, and in 1952 she convinced her husband to move back there. They got an apartment in the Sunset District facing the Pacific, just south of Golden Gate Park, and he took a job working for a finance company as a “repo man,” picking the locks of cars whose owners hadn’t paid their loans and repossessing them. He also bought, repaired, and sold some of the cars, making a decent enough living in the process.There was, however, something missing in their lives. They wanted children, but Clara had suffered an ectopic pregnancy, in which the fertilized egg was implanted in a fallopian tube rather than the uterus, and she had been unable to have any. So by 1955, after nine years of marriage, they were looking to adopt a child.Like Paul Jobs, Joanne Schieble was from a rural Wisconsin family of German heritage. Her father, Arthur Schieble, had immigrated to the outskirts of Green Bay, where he and his wife owned a mink farm and dabbled successfully in various other businesses, including real estate and photoengraving. He was very strict, especially regarding his daughter’s relationships, and he had strongly disapproved of her first love, an artist who was not a Catholic. Thus it was no surprise that he threatened to cut Joanne off completely when, as a graduate student at the University of Wisconsin, she fell in love with Abdulfattah “John” Jandali, a Muslim teaching assistant from Syria.Jandali was the youngest of nine children in a prominent Syrian family. His father owned oil refineries and multiple other businesses, with large holdings in Damascus and Homs, and at one point pretty much controlled the price of wheat in the region. His mother, he later said, was a “traditional Muslim woman” who was a “conservative, obedient housewife.” Like the Schieble family, the Jandalis put a premium on education. Abdulfattah was sent to a Jesuit boarding school, even though he was Muslim, and he got an undergraduate degree at the American University in Beirut before entering the University of Wisconsin to pursue a doctoral degree in political science.In the summer of 1954, Joanne went with Abdulfattah to Syria. They spent two months in Homs, where she learned from his family to cook Syrian dishes. When they returned to Wisconsin she discovered that she was pregnant. They were both twenty-three, but they decided not to get married. Her father was dying at the time, and he had threatened to disown her if she wed Abdulfattah. Nor was abortion an easy option in a small Catholic community. So in early 1955, Joanne traveled to San Francisco, where she was taken into the care of a kindly doctor who sheltered unwed mothers, delivered their babies, and quietly arranged closed adoptions.Joanne had one requirement: Her child must be adopted by college graduates. So the doctor arranged for the baby to be placed with a lawyer and his wife. But when a boy was born—on February 24, 1955—the designated couple decided that they wanted a girl and backed out. Thus it was that the boy became the son not of a lawyer but of a high school dropout with a passion for mechanics and his salt-of-the-earth wife who was working as a bookkeeper. Paul and Clara named their new baby Steven Paul Jobs.When Joanne found out that her baby had been placed with a couple who had not even graduated from high school, she refused to sign the adoption papers. The standoff lasted weeks, even after the baby had settled into the Jobs household. Eventually Joanne relented, with the stipulation that the couple promise—indeed sign a pledge—to fund a savings account to pay for the boy’s college education.There was another reason that Joanne was balky about signing the adoption papers. Her father was about to die, and she planned to marry Jandali soon after. She held out hope, she would later tell family members, sometimes tearing up at the memory, that once they were married, she could get their baby boy back.Arthur Schieble died in August 1955, after the adoption was finalized. Just after Christmas that year, Joanne and Abdulfattah were married in St. Philip the Apostle Catholic Church in Green Bay. He got his PhD in international politics the next year, and then they had another child, a girl named Mona. After she and Jandali divorced in 1962, Joanne embarked on a dreamy and peripatetic life that her daughter, who grew up to become the acclaimed novelist Mona Simpson, would capture in her book Anywhere but Here. Because Steve’s adoption had been closed, it would be twenty years before they would all find each other.Steve Jobs knew from an early age that he was adopted. “My parents were very open with me about that,” he recalled. He had a vivid memory of sitting on the lawn of his house, when he was six or seven years old, telling the girl who lived across the street. “So does that mean your real parents didn’t want you?” the girl asked. “Lightning bolts went off in my head,” according to Jobs. “I remember running into the house, crying. And my parents said, ‘No, you have to understand.’ They were very serious and looked me straight in the eye. They said, ‘We specifically picked you out.’ Both of my parents said that and repeated it slowly for me. And they put an emphasis on every word in that sentence.”Abandoned. Chosen. Special. Those concepts became part of who Jobs was and how he regarded himself. His closest friends think that the knowledge that he was given up at birth left some scars. “I think his desire for complete control of whatever he makes derives directly from his personality and the fact that he was abandoned at birth,” said one longtime colleague, Del Yocam. “He wants to control his environment, and he sees the product as an extension of himself.” Greg Calhoun, who became close to Jobs right after college, saw another effect. “Steve talked to me a lot about being abandoned and the pain that caused,” he said. “It made him independent. He followed the beat of a different drummer, and that came from being in a different world than he was born into.”Later in life, when he was the same age his biological father had been when he abandoned him, Jobs would father and abandon a child of his own. (He eventually took responsibility for her.) Chrisann Brennan, the mother of that child, said that being put up for adoption left Jobs “full of broken glass,” and it helps to explain some of his behavior. “He who is abandoned is an abandoner,” she said. Andy Hertzfeld, who worked with Jobs at Apple in the early 1980s, is among the few who remained close to both Brennan and Jobs. “The key question about Steve is why he can’t control himself at times from being so reflexively cruel and harmful to some people,” he said. “That goes back to being abandoned at birth. The real underlying problem was the theme of abandonment in Steve’s life.”Jobs dismissed this. “There’s some notion that because I was abandoned, I worked very hard so I could do well and make my parents wish they had me back, or some such nonsense, but that’s ridiculous,” he insisted. “Knowing I was adopted may have made me feel more independent, but I have never felt abandoned. I’ve always felt special. My parents made me feel special.” He would later bristle whenever anyone referred to Paul and Clara Jobs as his “adoptive” parents or implied that they were not his “real” parents. “They were my parents 1,000%,” he said. When speaking about his biological parents, on the other hand, he was curt: “They were my sperm and egg bank. That’s not harsh, it’s just the way it was, a sperm bank thing, nothing more.”Silicon ValleyThe childhood that Paul and Clara Jobs created for their new son was, in many ways, a stereotype of the late 1950s. When Steve was two they adopted a girl they named Patty, and three years later they moved to a tract house in the suburbs. The finance company where Paul worked as a repo man, CIT, had transferred him down to its Palo Alto office, but he could not afford to live there, so they landed in a subdivision in Mountain View, a less expensive town just to the south.There Paul tried to pass along his love of mechanics and cars. “Steve, this is your workbench now,” he said as he marked off a section of the table in their garage. Jobs remembered being impressed by his father’s focus on craftsmanship. “I thought my dad’s sense of design was pretty good,” he said, “because he knew how to build anything. If we needed a cabinet, he would build it. When he built our fence, he gave me a hammer so I could work with him.”Fifty years later the fence still surrounds the back and side yards of the house in Mountain View. As Jobs showed it off to me, he caressed the stockade panels and recalled a lesson that his father implanted deeply in him. It was important, his father said, to craft the backs of cabinets and fences properly, even though they were hidden. “He loved doing things right. He even cared about the look of the parts you couldn’t see.”His father continued to refurbish and resell used cars, and he festooned the garage with pictures of his favorites. He would point out the detailing of the design to his son: the lines, the vents, the chrome, the trim of the seats. After work each day, he would change into his dungarees and retreat to the garage, often with Steve tagging along. “I figured I could get him nailed down with a little mechanical ability, but he really wasn’t interested in getting his hands dirty,” Paul later recalled. “He never really cared too much about mechanical things.”“I wasn’t that into fixing cars,” Jobs admitted. “But I was eager to hang out with my dad.” Even as he was growing more aware that he had been adopted, he was becoming more attached to his father. One day when he was about eight, he discovered a photograph of his father from his time in the Coast Guard. “He’s in the engine room, and he’s got his shirt off and looks like James Dean. It was one of those Oh wow moments for a kid. Wow, oooh, my parents were actually once very young and really good-looking.”Through cars, his father gave Steve his first exposure to electronics. “My dad did not have a deep understanding of electronics, but he’d encountered it a lot in automobiles and other things he would fix. He showed me the rudiments of electronics, and I got very interested in that.” Even more interesting were the trips to scavenge for parts. “Every weekend, there’d be a junkyard trip. We’d be looking for a generator, a carburetor, all sorts of components.” He remembered watching his father negotiate at the counter. “He was a good bargainer, because he knew better than the guys at the counter what the parts should cost.” This helped fulfill the pledge his parents made when he was adopted. “My college fund came from my dad paying $50 for a Ford Falcon or some other beat-up car that didn’t run, working on it for a few weeks, and selling it for $250—and not telling the IRS.”The Jobses’ house and the others in their neighborhood were built by the real estate developer Joseph Eichler, whose company spawned more than eleven thousand homes in various California subdivisions between 1950 and 1974. Inspired by Frank Lloyd Wright’s vision of simple modern homes for the American “everyman,” Eichler built inexpensive houses that featured floor-to-ceiling glass walls, open floor plans, exposed post-and-beam construction, concrete slab floors, and lots of sliding glass doors. “Eichler did a great thing,” Jobs said on one of our walks around the neighborhood. “His houses were smart and cheap and good. They brought clean design and simple taste to lower-income people. They had awesome little features, like radiant heating in the floors. You put carpet on them, and we had nice toasty floors when we were kids.”Jobs said that his appreciation for Eichler homes instilled in him a passion for making nicely designed products for the mass market. “I love it when you can bring really great design and simple capability to something that doesn’t cost much,” he said as he pointed out the clean elegance of the houses. “It was the original vision for Apple. That’s what we tried to do with the first Mac. That’s what we did with the iPod.”Across the street from the Jobs family lived a man who had become successful as a real estate agent. “He wasn’t that bright,” Jobs recalled, “but he seemed to be making a fortune. So my dad thought, ‘I can do that.’ He worked so hard, I remember. He took these night classes, passed the license test, and got into real estate. Then the bottom fell out of the market.” As a result, the family found itself financially strapped for a year or so while Steve was in elementary school. His mother took a job as a bookkeeper for Varian Associates, a company that made scientific instruments, and they took out a second mortgage. One day his fourth-grade teacher asked him, “What is it you don’t understand about the universe?” Jobs replied, “I don’t understand why all of a sudden my dad is so broke.” He was proud that his father never adopted a servile attitude or slick style that may have made him a better salesman. “You had to suck up to people to sell real estate, and he wasn’t good at that and it wasn’t in his nature. I admired him for that.” Paul Jobs went back to being a mechanic.His father was calm and gentle, traits that his son later praised more than emulated. He was also resolute. Jobs described one example:Nearby was an engineer who was working at Westinghouse. He was a single guy, beatnik type. He had a girlfriend. She would babysit me sometimes. Both my parents worked, so I would come here right after school for a couple of hours. He would get drunk and hit her a couple of times. She came over one night, scared out of her wits, and he came over drunk, and my dad stood him down—saying “She’s here, but you’re not coming in.” He stood right there. We like to think everything was idyllic in the 1950s, but this guy was one of those engineers who had messed-up lives.What made the neighborhood different from the thousands of other spindly-tree subdivisions across America was that even the ne’er-do-wells tended to be engineers. “When we moved here, there were apricot and plum orchards on all of these corners,” Jobs recalled. “But it was beginning to boom because of military investment.” He soaked up the history of the valley and developed a yearning to play his own role. Edwin Land of Polaroid later told him about being asked by Eisenhower to help build the U-2 spy plane cameras to see how real the Soviet threat was. The film was dropped in canisters and returned to the NASA Ames Research Center in Sunnyvale, not far from where Jobs lived. “The first computer terminal I ever saw was when my dad brought me to the Ames Center,” he said. “I fell totally in love with it.”Other defense contractors sprouted nearby during the 1950s. The Lockheed Missiles and Space Division, which built submarine-launched ballistic missiles, was founded in 1956 next to the NASA Center; by the time Jobs moved to the area four years later, it employed twenty thousand people. A few hundred yards away, Westinghouse built facilities that produced tubes and electrical transformers for the missile systems. “You had all these military companies on the cutting edge,” he recalled. “It was mysterious and high-tech and made living here very exciting.”In the wake of the defense industries there arose a booming economy based on technology. Its roots stretched back to 1938, when David Packard and his new wife moved into a house in Palo Alto that had a shed where his friend Bill Hewlett was soon ensconced. The house had a garage—an appendage that would prove both useful and iconic in the valley—in which they tinkered around until they had their first product, an audio oscillator. By the 1950s, Hewlett-Packard was a fast-growing company making technical instruments.Fortunately there was a place nearby for entrepreneurs who had outgrown their garages. In a move that would help transform the area into the cradle of the tech revolution, Stanford University’s dean of engineering, Frederick Terman, created a seven-hundred-acre industrial park on university land for private companies that could commercialize the ideas of his students. Its first tenant was Varian Associates, where Clara Jobs worked. “Terman came up with this great idea that did more than anything to cause the tech industry to grow up here,” Jobs said. By the time Jobs was ten, HP had nine thousand employees and was the blue-chip company where every engineer seeking financial stability wanted to work.The most important technology for the region’s growth was, of course, the semiconductor. William Shockley, who had been one of the inventors of the transistor at Bell Labs in New Jersey, moved out to Mountain View and, in 1956, started a company to build transistors using silicon rather than the more expensive germanium that was then commonly used. But Shockley became increasingly erratic and abandoned his silicon transistor project, which led eight of his engineers—most notably Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore—to break away to form Fairchild Semiconductor. That company grew to twelve thousand employees, but it fragmented in 1968, when Noyce lost a power struggle to become CEO. He took Gordon Moore and founded a company that they called Integrated Electronics Corporation, which they soon smartly abbreviated to Intel. Their third employee was Andrew Grove, who later would grow the company by shifting its focus from memory chips to microprocessors. Within a few years there would be more than fifty companies in the area making semiconductors.The exponential growth of this industry was correlated with the phenomenon famously discovered by Moore, who in 1965 drew a graph of the speed of integrated circuits, based on the number of transistors that could be placed on a chip, and showed that it doubled about every two years, a trajectory that could be expected to continue. This was reaffirmed in 1971, when Intel was able to etch a complete central processing unit onto one chip, the Intel 4004, which was dubbed a “microprocessor.” Moore’s Law has held generally true to this day, and its reliable projection of performance to price allowed two generations of young entrepreneurs, including Steve Jobs and Bill Gates, to create cost projections for their forward-leaning products.The chip industry gave the region a new name when Don Hoefler, a columnist for the weekly trade paper Electronic News, began a series in January 1971 entitled “Silicon Valley USA.” The forty-mile Santa Clara Valley, which stretches from South San Francisco through Palo Alto to San Jose, has as its commercial backbone El Camino Real, the royal road that once connected California’s twenty-one mission churches and is now a bustling avenue that connects companies and startups accounting for a third of the venture capital investment in the United States each year. “Growing up, I got inspired by the history of the place,” Jobs said. “That made me want to be a part of it.”Like most kids, he became infused with the passions of the grown-ups around him. “Most of the dads in the neighborhood did really neat stuff, like photovoltaics and batteries and radar,” Jobs recalled. “I grew up in awe of that stuff and asking people about it.” The most important of these neighbors, Larry Lang, lived seven doors away. “He was my model of what an HP engineer was supposed to be: a big ham radio operator, hard-core electronics guy,” Jobs recalled. “He would bring me stuff to play with.” As we walked up to Lang’s old house, Jobs pointed to the driveway. “He took a carbon microphone and a battery and a speaker, and he put it on this driveway. He had me talk into the carbon mike and it amplified out of the speaker.” Jobs had been taught by his father that microphones always required an electronic amplifier. “So I raced home, and I told my dad that he was wrong.”“No, it needs an amplifier,” his father assured him. When Steve protested otherwise, his father said he was crazy. “It can’t work without an amplifier. There’s some trick.”“I kept saying no to my dad, telling him he had to see it, and finally he actually walked down with me and saw it. And he said, ‘Well I’ll be a bat out of hell.’”Jobs recalled the incident vividly because it was his first realization that his father did not know everything. Then a more disconcerting discovery began to dawn on him: He was smarter than his parents. He had always admired his father’s competence and savvy. “He was not an educated man, but I had always thought he was pretty damn smart. He didn’t read much, but he could do a lot. Almost everything mechanical, he could figure it out.” Yet the carbon microphone incident, Jobs said, began a jarring process of realizing that he was in fact more clever and quick than his parents. “It was a very big moment that’s burned into my mind. When I realized that I was smarter than my parents, I felt tremendous shame for having thought that. I will never forget that moment.” This discovery, he later told friends, along with the fact that he was adopted, made him feel apart—detached and separate—from both his family and the world.Another layer of awareness occurred soon after. Not only did he discover that he was brighter than his parents, but he discovered that they knew this. Paul and Clara Jobs were loving parents, and they were willing to adapt their lives to suit a son who was very smart—and also willful. They would go to great lengths to accommodate him. And soon Steve discovered this fact as well. “Both my parents got me. They felt a lot of responsibility once they sensed that I was special. They found ways to keep feeding me stuff and putting me in better schools. They were willing to defer to my needs.”So he grew up not only with a sense of having once been abandoned, but also with a sense that he was special. In his own mind, that was more important in the formation of his personality.SchoolEven before Jobs started elementary school, his mother had taught him how to read. This, however, led to some problems once he got to school. “I was kind of bored for the first few yea

就在新型冠状病毒爆发的那几天，

来自香港的病毒学专家管轶来到武汉，

只呆了一天，就对外宣称

我要当逃兵，这次真的怕了，

实际感染数是官方数字的十倍，三万起跳，

这句话不长。好像是随心所欲地说出来的。

就是那么信口开河一说。

我不知道他说这句话的时候。

有没有经过大脑？

可就是他的这一句话。

引起了一场轩然大波。

顿时网上拍砖如雨。恶评如潮。

用一句流行语来说，就叫人设崩塌！

有人在喊。管轶跑啦！

我看了当时的评论：

1 。管轶是个香港人，滚回你的香港去吧，别耸人听闻了！

2 。懦夫，什么狗屁病毒学家，浪得虚名吧！

3 。胆小鬼，透明人，垃圾人。人渣！

没见过想当逃兵还自己说出来的！

可我不是这样想的。人家毕竟是客啊！

来了欢迎。走了欢送。这才是待客之道。

我甚至还有一种猜测。也许他是对的。

武汉的情况的确很严重。说轻了虚伪。

说重了。人家不爱听。

更何况是在一个处处都讲政治的地方。

医生的知识离政治很远。

保证每一句话都政治正确。太难。

我们先来了解一下管轶的简历：

管轶，1962年生于江西宁都，医学微生物学专家，

英国皇家医学院外籍院士，

香港大学于崇光基金教授席（病毒学）、

新发病毒性疾病学讲座教授，

香港大学新发传染性疾病国家重点实验室主任、

香港大学流感研究中心主任。

管轶1983年毕业于江西医学院，

获得学士学位，

并留校担任江西医学院附属医院儿科讲师及住院医生；

1989年获得中国协和医科大学硕士学位，

后入职于汕头大学医学院第一附属医院，

任儿科主治医生；

1997年获得香港大学博士学位；

2000年1月受聘返回香港大学医学院，

历任研究助理教授、助理教授、副教授；

2001年担任汕头大学医学院联合流感中心主任；

2005年担任香港大学教授、

新发传染性疾病国家重点实验室主任；

2007年担任汕头大学微免教研室国际感染与免疫研究所主任；

2013年获得何梁何利基金科学与技术进步奖

一、管轶是国际顶尖的病毒学家，国内屈指可数，他到底有多牛？

1，学术成就。

学术方面，已发表240多篇的SCI学术论文，

包括：10篇science（科学）、9篇nature（自然）、

3篇NEJM（新英格兰医学杂志）、

10篇柳叶刀（世界权威医学杂志）、

7篇nature子刊、14篇PNAS（美国科学院院报），

h因子96。他的论文被引用次数达到近30000次，

2014-2018年，连续五年被国家权威机构

Thomson评为“高被引科学家”及全球最具影响力的科学家。

2，Nature、Science

这两个是全球上百万种学术期刊的金字塔顶，

能在这两杂志上发一篇文章，

在国内就可以直接教授博导，

国内个别985高校，至今还没一篇。

算上世界上第三个最牛的期刊Cell（细胞），

以上三个合成CNS论文，

以第一身份发过两篇以上CNS论文的，

百年来，中国大陆总共才二十六人，

而中国科学院院士，

只有一个人在这26人名单，

其他院士绝大多数是一篇都没有。光凭论文的质量和数量，

国内没有多少科学家，

比管轶强。

3，世界上对他如何评价？

管轶是最先提出果子狸是传播SARS冠状病毒的科学家之一，

曾被美国《时代》杂志选为18位救人英雄之一、

亚洲英雄。他是世界顶级的病毒专家，

英国皇家医学院外籍院士。

在2003年SARS爆发期间，管轶带领团队，

率先证明果子狸是SARS的直接来源，

遏止了SARS的再次爆发及流行。

实时了解疫情最新消息添加微信yiqing5586，

他在果子狸身上找到SARS病毒，

2003年底，有人感染变种SARS病毒，

他和钟南山上报国务院，

广东下令清除野生动物市场上所有果子狸，

有效遏止了疫情的扩散。

通过长期的努力，

管轶和他的团队已成功排出了250多个

H5N1禽流感病毒的基因序列，

基本摸清了中国禽流感起源、发生、变化的规律。

他们的实验室已成为

世界卫生组织 (WHO)在全球的八个参比实验室之一，

已鉴定出世界上所有的20多种H5N1禽流感变异形。

近二十年，管轶和钟南山一直亲密合作，

钟南山把管轶当做他最得意的学生。

克莱因瓶是一个不可定向的二维紧流形，而球面或轮胎面是可 克莱因瓶 克莱因瓶 定向的二维紧流形。如果观察克莱因瓶，有一点似乎令人困惑－－克莱因瓶的瓶颈和瓶身是相交的，换句话说，瓶颈上的某些点和瓶壁上的某些点占据了三维空间中的同一个位置。我们非常接近地球，目前国 AT this unexpected announcement Martin exchanged a swift glance with Corinna. She smiled, drew a five franc piece from her purse and laid it on the table. Martin, wondering, did the same. The Marchand de Bonheur unbuttoned his frock coat and slipped the coins, with a professional air, into his waistcoat pocket. “Mr. Overshaw,” said he, “you must understand, as our charming friend Corinna Hastings and indeed half the Quartier Latin understand, that for such ha0千米至30千米的浓硫酸云，地面温度从不低于400℃，是个名副其实的“炼狱”般世界。金星地面的大气压强为地球的90倍，相当于地球海洋中900米深度时的压强。金星大气主要由二氧化碳等温室气体组成，失控的温室效应，是导致金星极端气候的主要原因。由于金星没有内禀磁层保护，诱发磁层中磁场重联释放的巨大能量，使得金星大气被加热后加速逃逸。科学界认为，金星上大气的逃逸，是造成金星上缺水而被富含二氧化碳的稠密大气所笼罩，从而导致严重的温室效应的原因。[44] 木星是离太阳第五颗行星，而且是最大的一颗，比所有其他的行星 木星及其卫星欧罗巴（木卫二） 木星及其卫星欧罗巴（木卫二） [45] 的合质量大2倍（地球的318倍），直径142987km。它是气态行星没有实体表面，由90%的氢和10%的氦（原子数之比, 75/25%的质量比）及微量的甲烷、水、氨水和“石头”组成。这与形成整个太阳系的原始的太阳系星云的组成十分相似。木星可能有一个石质的内核，相当于10－15个地球的质量。内核上则是大部分的行星物质集结地，以液态氢的形式存在。液态金属氢由离子化的质子与电子组成（类似于太阳的内部，不过温度低多了）。木星共有67颗木卫。按距离木星中心由近及远的次序为：木卫十六、木卫十四、木卫五、木卫十五、木卫一、木卫二、木卫三、木卫四、木卫十三、木卫六、木卫十、木卫七、木卫十二、木卫十一、木卫八和木卫九。[46] 水星是最接近太阳的行星。水星的半径约为2440公里，在八大行星中是最小的。水星昼夜温差极大，白天摄氏 430 度，晚上约可达零下170 度，是太阳系八大行星中温差最大的一个行星。[47]  水星的外大气层非常稀薄，是由水星表面和太阳风中的原子和离子构成。[48]  科学家确认水星表面含有丰富的碳，认为碳是水星表面呈黑色的原因，水星表面的岩石是由低重量百分比的石墨碳构成。[49] “好奇号”火星探测器在火星表面采集样本 “好奇号”火星探测器在火星表面采集样本 [50] 火星是地球的近邻，是太阳系由内往外数第四颗行星。直径6794km，体积为地球的15%，质量为地球的11%。火星表面是一个荒凉的世界，空气中二氧化碳占了95%。火星大气十分稀薄，密度还不到地球大气的1%，因而根本无法保存热量。这导致火星表面温度极低，很少超过0℃，在夜晚，最低温度则可达到-123℃。火星被称为红色的行星，这是因为它表面布满了氧化物，因而呈现出铁锈红色。其表面的大部分地区都是含有大量的红色氧化物的大沙漠，还有赭色的砾石地和凝固的熔岩流。火星上常常有猛烈的大风，大风扬起沙尘能形成可以覆盖火星全球的特大型沙尘暴。每次沙尘暴可持续数个星期。火星两极的冰冠和火星大气中含有水份。从火星表面获得的探测数据证明，在远古时期，火星曾经有过液态的水，而且水量特别大。[51] 土星是离太阳第六颗行星，直径120536┪，体积仅次于木星。主要由氢组成，还有少量的氦与微量元素，内部的核心包括岩石和冰，外围由数层金属氢和气体包裹着。地球距离土星13亿公里。土星的引力比地球强2.5倍，能够牵引太阳系内其它行星，使地球处于一个椭圆轨道中运行，并且与太阳保持适当距离，适宜生命繁衍。当土星轨道倾斜20度将使地球轨道比金星轨道更接近太阳，同时，这将导致火星完全离开太阳系。[52]  土星是已知唯一密度小于水的行星，假如能够将土星放入一个巨大的浴池之中，它将可以漂浮起来。土星有一个巨大的磁气圈和一个狂风肆虐的大气层，赤道附近的风速可达1800千米/时。在环绕土星运行的31颗卫星中间，土卫六是最大的一颗，比水星和月球还大，也是太阳系中唯一拥有浓厚大气层的卫星。[53] 天王星是离太阳第七颗行星，51118km。体积约为地球的65倍，在九大行星中仅次于木星和土星。天王星的大气层中83%是氢，15%为氦，2%为甲烷以及少量的乙炔和碳氢化合物。上层大气层的甲烷吸收红光，使天王星呈现蓝绿色。大气在固定纬度集结成云层，类似于木星和土星在纬线上鲜艳的条状色带。天王星云层的平均温度为零克莱因瓶是一个不可定向的二维紧流形，而球面或轮胎面是可 克莱因瓶 克莱因瓶 定向的二维紧流形。如果观察克莱因瓶，有一点似乎令人困惑－－克莱因瓶的瓶颈和瓶身是相交的，换句话说，瓶颈上的某些点和瓶壁上的某些点占据了三维空间中的同一个位置。我们非常接近地球，目前国 AT this unexpected announcement Martin exchanged a swift glance with Corinna. She smiled, drew a five franc piece from her purse and laid it on the table. Martin, wondering, did the same. The Marchand de Bonheur unbuttoned his frock coat and slipped the coins, me? I tell you now. I am sending you to her—she is twenty—and to my excellent brother-in-law Bigourdin, because I think you are good children, and I should like to give you a bit of my heart for my ten francs.” “Fortinbras,” said Corinna, with a quick outstretch of her arm, “I’m a beast. Tell me, what is she like?” “To me,” smiled Fortinbras, “she is like one of the wild flowers from which Alpine honey is made. To other people she is doubtless a well-mannered commonplace young person. You will see her and judge for yourselves.” “How far is it from Paris to Brant?me?” asked Martin. “Roughly about five hundred kilometres—under three hundred miles. Take your time. You have sixty pounds’ worth of sunny hours before you—and there is much to be learned in three hundred miles of France. In a few weeks’ time I will join you at Brant?me—journeying by train as befits my soberer age—I go there a certain number of times a year to see Félise. Then, if you will continue to favour me with your patronage, we shall have another consultation.” There was a brief silence. Fortinbras looked from one young face to the other. Then he brought his hands down with a soft thump on the table. “You hesitate?” he cried indignantly. “You’re afraid to take your poor, little lives in your hands even for a few weeks?” He pushed back his chair and rose and swept a banning gesture, “I have nothing more to do with you. For profitless advice my conscience allows me to charge nothing.” He tore open his frock coat and his fingers diving into his waistcoat pocket brought forth and threw down the two five-franc pieces. “Go your ways,” said he. At this dramatic moment both the young people sprang protesting to their feet. “What are you talking about? We’re going to Brant?me,” cried Corinna, gripping the lapels of his coat. “Of course we are,” exclaimed Martin, scared at the prospect of losing the inspired counsellor. “Then why aren’t you more enthusiastic?” asked Fortinbras. “But we are enthusiastic,” Corinna declared. “We’ll start to-morrow,” said Martin. “At six o’clock in the morning,” said Corinna. “At five, if you like,” said Martin. Fortinbras embraced them both in a capacious smile, as he deliberately repocketed the coins. “That is well, my children. But don’t do too many unaccustomed things at once. In the Dordogne you can rise at five—with enjoyment and impunity. In Paris, your meeting at that hour would be fraught with mutual antipathy, and you would not find a shop open where you could hire or buy your bicycles.” “I’ve got one,” said Corinna. “So have I,” said Martin; “but it’s in London.” Fortinbras extra knows that she can entrust her happiness to my hands. And Lucien is a capital fellow. They will be very happy.” Thus he warned a sensitive Martin off philandering paths, and, with his French adroitness, separated youth and maiden as much as possible. And this was not difficult. You see Félise acted as manageress in the H?tel des Grottes, and her activities were innumerable. There was the kitchen to be ruled, an eye to be kept on the handle of the basket—if it danced too much, according to the French phrase, the cook was exceeding her commission of a sou in the franc; there were the bedrooms and clean dry linen to be seen to, and the doings of Polydore, the unclean, and of Baptiste, the haphazard, to be watched; there were daily bills to be made out, accounts to be balanced, impatient bagmen to be cajoled or rebuked; orders for paté de foie gras and truffles to be despatched—the H?tel des Grottes had a famous manufactory of these delights and during autumn and winter supported a hive of workers and the shelves in the cool store-house were filled with appetising jars; and then the laundry and the mending and the polishing of the famous bathroom—ma foi, there was enough to keep one small manageress busy. Like a bon h?telier, Bigourdin himself supervised all these important matters, ordering and controlling, as an administrator, but Félise was the executive. And like an obedient and happy little executive Félise did not notice a subtle increase in her duties. Nor did Martin, honest soul, in whose eyes a betrothed maiden was as sacred as a married woman, remark any change in facilities of intercourse. For him she flashed, a gracious figure, across the half real tapestry of his present life. A kindly word, a smiling glance, on passing, sufficed for the maintenance of his pleasant understanding with Félise. For fe中的同一个位置。我们可以把克莱因瓶放在四维空间中理解：克莱因瓶是一个在四维空间中才可能真正表现出来的曲面。如果我们一定要把它表现在我们生活的 对他国的影响 在教会严密控制下的中世纪，也发生过轰轰烈烈的宗教革命。因为天主教的很多教义不符合圣经的教诲，而加入了太多教皇的个人意志以及各类神学家的自身成果，所以很多信徒开始质疑天主教的教义和组织，发起回归圣经的行动来。捷克的爱国主义者、布拉格大学校长扬·胡斯（1369～1415年）在君士坦丁堡的宗教会议上公开谴责德意志封建主与天主教会对捷克的压迫和剥削。他虽然被反动教会处以火刑，但他的革命活动在社会上引起了强烈的反应。捷克农民在胡斯党人的旗帜下举行起义，这次运动也波及波兰。1517年，在德国，马丁·路德（1483～1546年）反对教会贩卖赎罪符，与罗马教皇公开决裂。1521年，路德又在沃尔姆国会上揭露罗马教廷的罪恶，并提出建立基督教新教的主张。新教的教义得到许多国家的支持，波兰也深受影响cted from his person a dim, chainless watch. “It is now a quarter past one. Time for honest folk to be abed. Meet me here at eleven o’clock to-morrow, booted and spurred, with but a scrip at the back of your bicycles, and I will hand you letters to Félise and the poetic and philosophic Bigourdin, and now,” said he, “with your permission, I will ring for Auguste.” Auguste appeared and Martin, waving aside the protests of Corinna, paid the modest bill. In the airless street Fortinbras bade them an impressive good night and disappeared in the byways of the sultry city. Martin accompanied Corinna to the gaunt neighbouring building wherein her eyrie was situate. Both were tongue-tied, shy, embarrassed by the prospect of the intimate adventure to which they had pledged themselves. When the great door, swung open by the hidden concierge, at Corinna’s ring, invited her entrance, they shook hands perfunctorily.际天文学界普遍认为此距离在100光年以内，它就能够对地球的生物圈产生明显的影响，这样的超新星被称为近地超新星。有研究认为，在地球历史上的奥陶纪大灭绝，就是一颗近地超新星引起的，这次灭绝导致当时地球近60%的海洋生物消失。with a professional air, into his waistcoat pocket. “Mr. Overshaw,” said he, “you must understand, as our charming friend Corinna Hastings and indeed half the Quartier Latin understand, that for such happiness as it may be myIt is one of the many mind-wrecking institutions of which our beloved country is so proud.” “I’m glad to hear you say that,” cried Martin. “I’ve been helping to wreck minds there for the last ten years. I’ve taught French. Not the French language; but examination French. When the son of a greengrocer wants to get a boy-clerkship in the Civil Service can drink all that syrup without being sick I can’t understand,” she remarked. “Omnicomprehension is not vouchsafed even to the very young and innocent, my dear,” said Fortinbras. Martin glanced across the table apprehensively. If ever young woman had been set down that young woman was Corinna Hastings. He feared explosion, annihilation of the down-setter. Nothing of the sort happened. Corinna accepted the rebuff with the meekness of a school-girl and sniffed when Fortinbras was not looking. Again Martin was puzzled, unable to divest himself of his old conception of Corinna. She was Corinna, chartered libertine of the land of Rodolfe, Marcel, Schaunard—he had few impressions of the Quartier Latin later than Henri Murger—and her utterances no matter how illogical were derived from godlike inspiration. He hung on her lips for some inspired and vehement rejoinder to the rebuke of Fortinbras. When none came he realised that in the seedily dressed and now profusely perspiring Marchand de Bonheur she had met an acknowledged master. Who Fortinbras was, whence his origin, what his character and social status, how, save by the precarious methods to which he had alluded, he earned his livelihood, Martin had，五味杂陈齐齐裹着酸楚涌上心头。迫于无奈，甘伯父成了铁原英雄们的送终人；32年后的今天，我们依然要迫于无奈成为4、5连兄弟们的送终人……这是何种滋味？祖国与人民给我们创造的条件不知比我们的父辈强上多少倍，我们所要面对的敌人不知道比我们的父辈所要面对的不知弱上多少倍。作为祖国与人民的守护者，作为光荣的八一军旗继任者，我们怎么能在这样的条件，以这样的方式延续着父辈悲怆的光荣传统？就像老甘哭嚎的，比起我们的父辈，我们这TM打的是啥仗？我们都TM是没卵的孬种！　　央视版水浒中的公孙胜 央视版水浒中的公孙胜(14张) 宋江攻打高唐州，却败于太守高廉的妖法。吴用让戴宗去蓟州寻取公孙胜，李逵也随同前往。二人在蓟州机缘巧合遇到公孙胜的邻居，得知公孙胜居住在九宫县二仙山。戴宗赶赴二仙山，让李逵假意伤害公孙胜的母亲，将公孙胜激出相见。但公孙胜却不肯出山，称师傅罗真人不肯相放。戴宗苦苦哀告，又去拜见罗真人，请他放公孙胜下山。[3] 罗真人传授公孙胜计算机（computer）俗称电脑，是现代一种用于高速计算的电子计算机器，可以进行数值计算，又可以进行逻辑计算，还具有存储记忆功能。是能够按照程序运行，自动、高速处理海量数据的现代化智能电子设备。由硬件系统和软件系统所组成，没有安装任何软件的计算机称为裸机。可分为超级计算机、工业控制计算机、网络计算机、个人计算机、嵌入式计算机五类，较先进的计算机有生物计算机、光子计算机、量子计算机等。计算机发明者约翰·冯·诺依曼。计算机是20世纪最先进的科学技术发明之一，对人类的生产活动和社会活动产生了极其重要的影响，并以强大的生命力飞速发展。它的应用领域从最初的军事科研应用扩展到社会的各个领域，已形成了规模巨大的计算机产业，带动了全球范围的技术进步，由此引发了深刻的社会变革，计算机已遍及一般学校、企事业单位，进入寻常百姓家，成为信息社会中必不可少的工具。计算机的应用在中国越科比·布莱恩特（Kobe Bryant），1978年8月23日出生于美国宾夕法尼亚州费城，前美国职业篮球运动员，司职得分后卫/小前锋（锋卫摇摆人），绰号“黑曼巴”/“小飞侠”。[1]  1996年第1轮第13位被夏洛特黄蜂队选中，后来被交易到湖人队。整个NBA生涯（1996年-2016年）全部效力于NBA洛杉矶湖人队，是前NBA球员乔·布莱恩特的儿子 [1]  。科比是NBA最好的得分手之一，生涯赢得无数奖项 [1]  ，突破、投篮、罚球、三分球他都驾轻就熟，几乎没有进攻盲区，单场比赛81分的个人纪录就有力地证明了这一点。除了疯狂的得分外，科比的组织能力也很出众，经常担任球队进攻的第一发起人。另外科比还是联盟中最好的防守人之一，贴身防守非常具有压迫性。2016年4月14日，科比·布莱恩特在生涯最后一场主场对阵爵士的常规赛后宣布退役。[1]  2017年12月19日，湖人主场对阵勇士，中场时刻为科比的8号和24号2件球衣举行了退役仪式。[2]  2018年3月13日，科比凭借和动画师格兰·基恩合作的短片《亲爱的篮球》获得第90届奥斯卡最佳短片奖。[3] 来越普遍，改革开放以后，中国计算机用户的数量不断攀升，应用水平不断提高，特别是互联网、通信、多媒体等领域的应用取得了不错的成绩。1996年至2009 年，计算机用户数量从原来的630万增长至6710 万台，联网计算机台数由原来的2.9万台上升至5940万台。互联网用户已经达到3.16 亿，无线互联网有6.7 亿移动用户，其中手机上网用户达1.17 亿，为全球第一位。五雷天罡正法，让他下山辅助宋江“保国安民，替天行道”，又送八字真言，命他“逢幽而止，遇汴而还”。公孙胜到高唐州后，与高廉斗法，以五雷天罡正法破了高廉的妖术。高廉欲要驾云逃走，结果被公孙胜用法术从云中打落，最终被雷横砍死。梁山军得以攻破高唐州。[10] 大聚义 攻打芒砀山时，公孙胜摆下八阵图，擒获八臂哪吒项充、飞天大圣在位于费城郊区 高中时期的科比 高中时期的科比(7张) 的劳尔梅里恩的劳尔梅里恩高中（LowerMerionHifg School），科比凭借惊人的高中生涯赢得了全美国的认可。作为一个新人，科比就可以在学校（三年级和四年级）篮球队出任首发。[15]  科比在高中二年级时是由他的父亲执教的。尽管在他的第一年球队很平庸，但在接下来的三年里科比打满了所有的5个位置，并率队取得了77胜13负的纪录。[15]  在adidasABCD训练营，科比获得了1995年高中生MVP奖，并且和后来的队友拉玛尔·奥多姆并肩作战。[16]  在高中时期，时任76人队主教练约翰·卢卡斯（John Lucas）邀请科比试训并与球队一起训练，在那里科比与杰里·斯塔克豪斯进行了一对一比赛。[17]  在他高中四年级时，科比带领球队拿到了50年来第一个州级冠军。高中四年级时，科比场均30.8分，12个篮板，6.5次助攻，4.0次抢断和3.8次盖帽，他带领劳尔梅里恩高中取得31胜3负的战绩。科比高中生涯结束后，超越了威尔特·张伯伦（Wilt Chamberlain）和莱昂·西蒙斯（Lionel Simmons），以2883分打破了宾夕法尼亚州东南地区的高中得分纪录。[15]  [18]  凭借高中四年级的表现，科比拿到了好几个奖项，包括奈史密斯年度最佳高中生球员、佳得乐全美年度最佳高中球员、麦当劳全美最佳阵容、今日美国全美第一阵容球员。科比的高中篮球教练格雷格·唐纳（Greg Downer）对他的评价是“具有统治力的全能球员”。1996年科比邀请R&B女歌手布兰蒂·诺伍德（Brandy Norwood）参加了自己的毕业舞会， [19]  尽管他们只是朋友。科比在毕业时学术能力评估考试（SAT)中得到1080分 [20]  ，这足以确保他拿到篮球奖学金进入不错的大学。然而，最终17岁的科比决定直接进入NBA，成为NBA历史上第6位直接从高中进入NBA选秀的球员。[15]  因为直接从高中进入NBA并不常见（凯文·加内特是20年来唯一的例外），科比的决定得到了很多的关注。[15]  科比曾说过如果高中毕业后去上大学，他将会选择杜克大学。[21-22] 运动经历编辑 1996年NBA选秀 作为 科比 1996年转会洛杉矶湖人队 科比 1996年转会洛杉矶湖人队 第一位直接从高中参加NBA选秀的后卫球员，科比于1996年第一轮第13顺位被夏洛特黄蜂队选中。[6]  不过，据科比当时的经纪人阿恩·特勒姆（Arn Tellem）说，科比为夏洛特黄蜂打球是“不可能的事情”。[23]  然而，时任黄蜂队首席球探的比尔·布兰奇（Bill Branch）说，黄蜂队在选秀的前一天就已经同意与湖人队交易选秀权。湖人队直到选秀的前5分钟才将选择的新秀告诉了黄蜂队。[24]  1996年7月11日，韦斯特将他的首发中锋弗拉德·迪瓦茨交易到了黄蜂队，从而换得科比的选秀权。[25]  由于科比在选秀时仅17岁，他的父母不得不和他一起与湖人队签约。直到新赛季开始，满18岁的科比才独立签署了合同。[26-27] 最初的赛季（1996-1999） 在科比的新秀赛季，他大部分时间作为埃迪·琼斯（Eddie Jones） 科比1997年获得全明星赛扣篮大赛冠军 科比1997年获得全明星赛扣篮大赛冠军 和尼克·范·埃克塞尔（Nick Van Exel）的替补登场。当时他成为NBA历史上最年轻的出场球员（该纪录后来被队友安德鲁·拜纳姆 [28]  打破），同时他还是NBA历史上最年轻的首发球员。第一个赛季，科比场均可以得到15.5分钟的上场时间。[5]  在1997年NBA全明星周末，科比赢得了扣篮大赛的冠军，18岁的科比也成为了NBA史上最年轻的扣篮大赛冠军。[29]  凭借整个赛季的表现科比和同样是替补的队友特拉维斯·奈特（Travis Knight ）一同入选了NBA最佳新秀阵容第二阵容，并且成为最年轻入选最佳新秀阵容的球员。[30-31]  该赛季的最后一场比赛，科比在最后的关键时刻投出三记三不沾。他先是在第四节的比赛中他投失了赢下比赛的一球，又在加时赛的最后一分钟投丢了两个扳平比分的三分球。就这样犹他爵士队在季后赛第一轮击败了湖人队。沙奎尔·奥尼尔在几年后曾评论道：“（科比）是唯一敢在那种时刻采取那样投篮的家伙。” [32] 1997-98赛季，科比获得了更多的出场时间并且开始展现出一名有天赋的年轻后卫的能力。科比的场均得分骤增，从7.6分提高到了15.4分。[33]  科比出场时间的增加得益于球队“小个阵容”的战术安排，该时期的科比将改打小前锋的位置，可以与首发后卫同时出场。[34]  科比在1998年NBA年度最佳第六人奖的角逐中排名第二位， [35]  并且通过球迷投票，他也成为了NBA历史上最年轻的NBA全明星赛首发球员。[36]  与他一同入选的还有同队队友沙奎尔·奥尼尔、埃迪·琼斯、尼克·范·埃克塞尔 [37]  ，这一结果使他们成为1983年以来第一次同一支球队有四名球员入选同一届NBA全明星赛。科比场均15.4分成为该赛季非首发球员中的最高得分。[38] 1998-99赛季标志着科比开始展现出他成为联盟中顶尖后卫的实力。由于首发后卫埃迪·琼斯和尼克·范·埃克塞尔位被交易，科比在这个因为劳资纠纷整个赛季缩减到只有50场比赛的赛季中每场比赛都首发出场。[39]  在这个赛季，科比与湖人队签订了一份6年价值约7000万美元的合同。[38]  这份合同使科比能够为湖人效力到2003-04赛季。尽管只处在自己职业生涯的早期，但一些体育记者已经开始拿科比的技术与迈克尔·乔丹和魔术师·约翰逊（Earvin Johnson）作比较了。[26]  [40-41]  该赛季的季后赛，湖人队在西部半决赛中被圣安东尼奥马刺队横扫出局。[42] 三连冠时期（1999-2002） 随着 湖人王朝 奥尼尔 科比 杰克逊 湖人王朝 奥尼尔 科比 杰克逊 1999年菲尔·杰克逊来到湖人队执教，科比的命运发生了改变。[43]  经过几年的稳步进步，科比已经成为了联盟中最好的得分后卫之一，多次出现在NBA最佳阵容， [44]  全明星及NBA最佳防守阵容。[45]  在科比和奥尼尔这对表现突出的中锋-后卫组合的带领下，湖人队成为总冠军的有力竞争者。菲尔·杰克逊利用他在芝加哥公牛队夺得六次总冠军时使用的三角进攻战术，帮助湖人队成为了NBA总冠军级别的球队，在2000年、2001年以及2002年的三连冠便是最好的证明。[46] 1999-2000赛季初，科比由于在季前赛对阵华盛顿奇才队的比赛中伤到右手，不得不在观众席上待了6周时间。[47]  回到赛场后科比场均可以出场超过38分钟，在1999-2000赛季各项技术统计都有所提高。[5]  [33]  其中场均助攻数与抢断数均为球队第一。由于奥尼尔和科比的回归，加上强大的板凳阵容，让湖人队拿到了NBA历史上第5高的常规赛获胜场数--67场。奥尼尔拿到了该年的常规赛MVP，而科比入选了NBA最佳阵容第二阵容，并且第一次入选NBA最佳防守第一阵容（成为获得该荣誉最年轻的球员）。[48]  在季后赛中科比虽然只扮演二号角色，但是在对阵波特兰开拓者队的西部决赛第七场中拿到25分，11个篮板，7次助攻，4次盖帽的全面表现。[49]  最后与奥尼尔的空中接力配合，赢下了西部决赛系列赛。在总决赛对阵印第安纳步行者队的系列赛，第二场的第二节比赛中科比扭伤了脚踝，错过了那场比赛的剩余时间和第三场比赛。在第四场比赛中，科比在下半场得到22分，带领球队在奥尼尔犯满离场的加时赛中取胜。科比投中了制胜球帮助球队以120-118领先。[50]  随着第6场比赛获胜，湖人队拿到了自1988年来第一座NBA总冠军。[51-53] 2000年夺冠后科比与父母的纪念照童年时期 1963年2月17日， 大学时期 大学时期(18张) 迈克尔·乔丹出生在美国纽约布鲁克林区，五岁的时候，乔丹一家人便搬到了北卡罗来纳州，小时候的乔丹同父亲关系很好，乔丹扣篮时著名的吐舌动作就是来源于父亲做修理工作时的动作，那时的两人对棒球很是热衷。小时候的乔丹非常的淘气，在跟着哥哥喜欢上篮球后，乔丹业余时间全都耗在了球场上。[6] 高中时期 威尔明顿兰尼高中乔丹篮球生涯的起点，不过年幼的乔丹并不引人注目，第二年时，他的身高只有5尺11寸，又瘦又小的他被教练从一队降入二队。不过乔丹没有放弃，到了高三的时候，他入选了全美高中生阵容。[6] 大学时期 1982年3月29日，乔丹作为北卡罗来纳大学的一名新生，在NCAA联赛的决赛里投进制胜球，帮助北卡大学队以63比62的比分战胜了尤因率领的乔治城大学队。1982-83赛季，乔丹被《体育新闻》评为年度大学生球员及全美第一阵容队员。1983-84赛季，乔丹再次被《体育新闻》评为年度大学生球员及全美第一阵容队员。[1] 职业生涯编辑 新秀赛季 新秀赛季的乔丹 新秀赛季的乔丹(4张) 1984年9月12日，在1984年NBA选秀大会上，乔丹被芝加哥公牛队选中，在整个联盟新秀中，他排在第3顺位，他的前面分别是哈基姆·奥拉朱旺和萨姆·鲍伊。从这时候起，直到首次登顶NBA总冠军，乔丹就一直是单打独斗的典型。[1] 乔丹在新秀赛季场均分得到28.2分，6.5个篮板，5.9个助攻，拿下了年度最佳新秀的称号，并入选NBA第二阵容。[7]  乔丹在自己的处子季后赛里，场均得到29.3分，5.8个篮板，8.5次助攻。[8]  但可惜球队1:3负与密尔沃基雄鹿队，被淘汰出局。[9] 成长阶段 1987-1988年两夺扣篮王 1987-1988年两夺扣篮王(4张) 乔丹的第二个赛季仅仅打了三场比赛，乔丹就因为左脚的一块骨头骨折而伤退，虽然被票选入全明星赛，但是未能出席。赛季末，乔丹重新回到球场。季后赛首轮，乔丹在公牛与凯尔特人的第二战中得到63分，打破了NBA季后赛的得分纪录，而那只是乔丹的第六场季后赛比赛，不过公牛在这场比赛经过中两个加时仍以131-135输给了凯尔特人，最终0-3遭淘汰。[10] 从1986-87赛季开始，乔丹开始占据NBA纪录册。这一年，他在前7场比赛中场均37.1分，赛季场均达到了30分。乔丹连续9场得到40或以上的分数，创造联盟纪录。在全明星周末，他夺得了扣篮大赛冠军，不过在季后赛，公牛仍然被凯尔特人首轮淘汰出局。[7] 乔丹气贯长虹 乔丹气贯长虹(5张) 1987-88赛季，乔丹拿下了常规赛得分王，最佳防守球员，全明星MVP [11]  ，常规赛最有价值球员。季后赛首轮，乔丹带领公牛淘汰了骑士，无奈第二轮1-4负于底特率活塞。1988-89赛季，乔丹场均32.5分领衔联盟，同时场均贡献职业生涯新高的8.0个篮板和8.0次助攻。另外，他场均还有2.89次抢断，位列抢断榜第三。季后赛首轮和骑士的第五场，乔丹命中了绝杀球。[7] 1989-90赛季揭幕前，公牛队请来了菲尔·杰克逊。在“禅师”杰克逊的指教下，公牛引进三角进攻。这个赛季，公牛55胜27负，创1971-72赛季以来队史最佳战绩。乔丹在和骑士的比赛中创造生涯最高得分69分。不过在1990年东部决赛中，公牛在七场鏖战中仍然输给了活塞。[7] 第一个三连冠 1991—1993年第一次三连冠 1991—1993年第一次三连冠(10张) 1990-91赛季，乔丹率领公牛一路高歌猛进，整个季后赛仅仅输了两场，乔丹率领公牛第一次夺得总冠军。这其中包括在东部决赛中横扫活塞报了一箭之仇，在总决赛主场先负一局的情况下直落四局击败湖人夺冠。乔丹场均得到31.4分、6.4个篮板、8.4次助攻，并捧起了他六个NBA总决赛最有价值球员奖杯中的第一个。[12] 1991-92赛季，乔丹场均得到30.1分，连续第2年同时获得常规赛MVP和总决赛MVP称号。季后赛首轮迎战迈阿密热队，乔丹场均45分，率领球队以3比0的总比分横扫对手。这个赛季乔丹再次率领芝加哥公牛夺得了总冠军。[1] 1993年，乔丹带领公牛在五次季后赛中四次战胜帕特里克·尤因率领的纽约尼克斯。在关键的第五场，乔丹打出了“三双”表现：29分、10个篮板和14次助攻。随后，公牛在六场内过关。在总决赛，乔丹在面对菲尼克斯太阳的六场比赛中创造了一项纪录：他场均得到了41.0分，成功夺得三连冠 [7] 然而三连冠的喜悦没多久，乔丹就接到噩耗：他的父亲被谋杀。就在新赛季训练营开始前的10月6日 [7]  ，乔丹宣布退役，并准备开始棒球生涯。棒球是父亲从小激励他从事的运动，乔丹也最终加盟了美国职棒联盟。事实上，他在棒球场上并不太成功。[7]  第二个三连冠 1996—1998年第二次三连冠 1996—1998年第二次三连冠(7张) 在1994-95赛季末期，乔丹说出了那句著名的“I\\'m Back”。重回NBA的乔丹在17场常规赛中，场均得到26.9分，公牛的对应战绩为13胜4负。季后赛，乔丹场均31.5分，不过公牛仍输给了拥有沙奎尔·奥尼尔的奥兰多魔术。[7] no idea; but he suddenly conceived an immense respect for Fortinbras. The man hovered over both of them on a higher plane of wisdom. From his kind eyes (to Martin’s simple fancy) beamed uncanny power. He assumed the semblance of an odd sort of god indigenous to this Paris wonderworld. Fortinbras lit another of Martin’s Virginian cigarettes—the little tin box lay open on the table—and leaned back in his chair. “My young friends,” said he, “you have each put before me the circumstances which have made you respectively despair of finding happiness both in the immediate and the distant future. Now as Montaigne says—an author whom I would recommend to you for the edification of your happily remote middle-age, having myself found infinite consolation in his sagacity—as Montaigne says: ‘Men are tormented by the ideas they have concerning things, and not by the things themselves.’ The wise man therefore—the general term, my dear Corinna, includes women—is he who has learned to face things themselves after having dispelled the bogies of his ideas concerning them. It is on this basis that I am about to deliver the judgment for which I have duly received my fee of ten francs.” He moistened his lips with the pink syrup. For the picture you can imagine a grey old lion eating ice-cream. “You, Corinna,” he continued, “belong to the new race of women whose claims on life far exceed their justification. You have as assets youth, a modicum of beauty, a bright intelligence and a stiff little character. But, as you rightly say, you are capable of nothing in the steep range of human effort from painting a picture to washing a baby. Were you not temperamentally puritanical and intellectually obsessed by the mo下193摄氏度。质量为8.6810±13×102?kg，相当于地球质量的14.63倍。密度较小，只有1.24克/立方厘米，为海王星密度值的74.7%。[54] 恒星哥白尼在他的《天体运行论》一书中认为天体运动必须满足以下七点：地心说是长期盛行于古代欧洲的宇宙学说。它最初由古希腊学者欧多克斯（提出“同心球”模型）提出，后经亚里士多德、托勒密进一步发展而逐渐建立和完善起来。托勒密认为，地球处于宇宙中心静止不动。从地球向外，依次有月球、水星、金星、太阳、火星、木星和土星，在各自的圆轨道上绕地球运转。其中，行星的运动要比太阳、月球复杂些：行星在本轮上运动，而本轮又沿均轮绕地运行。在太阳、月球行星之外，是镶嵌着所有恒星的天球——恒星天。再外面，是推动天体运动的原动天。地心说是世界上第一个行星体系模型。尽管它把地球当作宇宙中心是错误的，然而它的历史功绩不应抹杀。地心说承认地球是“球形”的，并把行星从恒星中区别出来，着眼于探索和揭示行星的运动规律，这标志着人类对宇宙认识的一大进步。地心说最重要的成就是运用数学计算行星的运行，托勒密还第一次提出“运行轨道”的概念，设计出了一个本轮均轮模型。按照这个模型，人们能够对行星的运动进行定量计算，推测行星所在的位置，这是一个了不起的创造。在一定时期里，依据这个模型可以在一定程度上正确地预测天象，因而在生产实践中也起过一定的作用。地心说中的本轮均轮模型，毕竟是托勒密根据有限的观察资料拼凑出来的，他是通过人为地规定本轮、均轮的大小及行星运行速度，才使这个模型和实测结果取得一致。但是，到了中世纪后期，随着观察仪器的不断改进，行星位置和运动的测量越来越精确，观测到的行星实际位置同这个模型的计算结果的偏差，就逐渐显露出来了。但是，信奉地心说的人们并没有认识到这是由于地心说本身的错误造成的，却用增加本轮的办法来补救地心说。当初这种办法还能勉强应付，后来小本轮增加到80多个，但仍不能满意地计算出行星的准确位置。这不能不使人怀疑地心说的正确性了。到了16世纪，哥白尼在持日心地动观的古希腊先辈和同时代学者的基础上，终于创立了“日心说”。从此，地心说便逐渐被淘汰了。简单的说,“地心说”就是以地球为宇宙的中心,“日心说”是以太阳为宇宙的中心。创立编辑 哥白尼提出 哥白尼想知道在另一个运行着的行星上观察这些行星的运行情况会是什么样的。基于这种设想，哥白尼萌发了一个念头：假如地球在运行中，那么这些行星的运行看上去会是什么情况呢？这一设想在他脑海里变得清晰起来了。一年里，哥白尼在不同的时间、不同的距离从地球上观察行星，每一个行星的情况都不相同，这是他意识到地球不可能位于星星轨道的中心。经过20年的观测，哥白尼发现唯独太阳的周年变化不明显。这意味着地球和太阳的距离始终没有改变。如果地球不是宇宙的中心，那么宇宙的中心就是太阳the circumstances which have made you respectively despair the immortal work and laid it down, disconcerted both by the archaicaced them both in a capacious smile, as he deliberately repocketed the coins. “That is well, my children. But don’t do too many unaccustomed things at once. In the Dordogne you can rise at five—with enjoyment and impunity. In Paris, your meeting at that hour would be fraught with mutual antipathy, and you would not find a shop open where you could hire or buy your bicycles.” “I’ve got one,” said Corinna. “So have I,” said Martin; “but it’s in London.” Fortinbras extracted from his person a dim, chainless watch. “It is now a quarter past one. Time for honest folk to be abed. Meet me here at eleven o’clock to-morrow, booted and spurred, with but a scrip at the back of your bicycles, and I will hand you letters to Félise and the poetic and philosophic Bigourdin, and now,” said he, “with your permission, I will ring for Auguste.” Auguste appeared and Martin, waving aside the protests of Corinna, paid the modest bill. In the airless street Fortinbras bade them an impressive good night and disappeared in the byways of the sultry city. Martin accompanied Corinna to the gaunt neighbouring building wherein her eyrie was situate. Both were tongue-tied, shy, embarrassed by the prospect of the intimate adventure to which they had pledged themselves. When the great door, swung open by the hidden concierge, at Corinna’s ring, invited her entrance, they shook hands perfunctorily.际天文学界普遍认为此距离在100光年以内，它就能够对地球的生物圈产生明显的影响，这样的超新星被称为近地超新星。有研究认为，在地球历史上的奥陶纪大灭绝，就是一颗近地超新星引起的，这次灭绝导致当时地球近60%的海洋生物消失。[78]

克莱因瓶是一个不可定向的二维紧流形，而球面或轮胎面是可 克莱因

二十年来，每当我国面临流感性的问题，

都是钟南山和管轶联合做，两个人是师生关系，也是同事关系，

呕心沥血，解决了我国的一个又一个的流感问题，

为了中国的民众健康，做出了巨大的贡献。

重新审读。他来武汉经历了什么：

他的武汉之行（1月21日上午到，22日下午2点飞走），

目的是做研究，寻找新型肺炎源头，

以便能够像当年在广东调查SARS病原一样，

找到元凶从而遏制肆虐。

不料，到达那里后，

却发现当地人完全没有风险意识。

最可怕的是，

病毒的源头都已经被销毁得干干净净！

对于疫情的爆发。武汉丝毫没有警觉。

一派歌舞升平。风和日丽。

他说：“就像一个可能受到原子弹攻击的地方，

人们却还在打开派对，没有任何战争动员和准备。”

他简直想呐喊了：

“这里已经成为疫区！

我更担心的是好像原子弹爆炸冲击波会使国民损失多么大。”

不论怎样，

武汉之行使得这位病毒专家已经发现，

这种新肺炎的特征跟SARS非常相似，

而且甚至有过之而无不及，

特别是没有感冒发烧症状的人也会传播！

他说，第一波的传播早已经开始，

而从15号开始武汉已经出现返乡人潮。

返乡人潮中可能也都会有带病毒者。

我真想骂你。逃兵。管轶！

不过我还是想送你一首诗。

作者：刘邦。大风歌。

大风起兮云飞扬。 

威加海内兮归故乡。 

安得猛士兮守四方！

资料来自网络。魏雅华文字整理。

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