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高中英语语法::advise 、persuade、suggest的区别

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advice

advice建议;劝告。是不可数名词,“一条建议”应用a piece of advice。常用结构。

give sb.advice(on)/give advice给某人提(关于……的)建议;忠告某人。

ask(sb.)for advice征求(某人的)意见。

①Marx gave us some good advice on how to learn a foreign language.

关于如何学好外语,马克思给我们提了些好建议。

②If you take /follow my advice, you’ll pass the exam.如果你听从我的建议,你会考试及格的。

③Let’s ask our teacher for some advice.咱们征求一下老师的意见吧。

advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事(suggest不这样用)。

①I advise you to take the chance.我建议你抓住机会。

②—What do you advise me to do?你建议我怎么办?

—I advise you not to lose heart; just keep on.我劝你不要灰心,继续干。

advise 还可同suggest一样,后接名词、代词、动名词(短语)和that从句(用虚拟语气)作宾语。

①—What would you advise?你有什么建议吗?—I advise you an early start我建议你早点出发。

②I advise holding a metting to discuss the problem.我建议召开一次会议来讨论这个问题。

③I advise you (should) go to once.我建议你马上去。

advise /persuade  

persuade sb. to do sth.意为“说服某人做某事”,强调劝说成功,说服;advise sb. to do sth. 意为“劝说某人做某事”,不涉及劝说是否有效,相当于try to persuade sb. to do sth.。如:

The doctor persuaded my father to give up smoking.医生说服我爸爸戒了烟。

The doctor advised my father to give up smoking, but failed.医生劝我爸爸戒烟,但没成功。

advise/suggest

advise 与suggest 都可作“建议”讲,二者用法有同有异。

(1)相同点表示建议做某事,advise与suggest都可采用下列三种句型:

①+ 名词

②+ 动名词

③+ that从句(从句中常用should加动词原形,should可以省略。)

eg:He advised/ suggested an early start.

He advised/ suggested (our) starting early.

He advised/ suggested that we (should) start early.

(注:只要是用从句表示建议该做的事,从句中就可用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。)上面的第三句可转化为:

It was suggested that we (should) start early.

What he suggested was that we(should) start early.

His suggestion was that we (should) start early.

(2)不同点

①advise后可以跟人称代词作宾语,而suggest后不可以跟人称代词作宾语。故可以说:

advise sb. to do sth.; advise sb. against (doing) sth.; advise sb. on/ about sth.; suggest(to sb.)that...

前三种结构中不可将advise改为suggest,如:

他建议我们去参观博物馆。

[正]He advised us to go to visit the museum.

[误]He suggested us to go to visit the museum.

[误]He suggested us that we go to visit the museum.

②suggest还有“暗示、表明、说、指出(一个事实)”的意思。此时从句中用陈述语气,不用虚拟语气。如:

The smile on his face suggested that he was pleased.

Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that the patient was seriously ill.(句中suggest陈述了一个事实,故用陈述语气。)比较:

Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that the Patient be

operated on at once.(句中suggest表示建议该做某事,从句中用should加动词原形,should在从句中省略。)



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