中国范儿108 新中国70年印记——“中国航天”谱写星空探索传奇

新中国70年印迹——“中国航天”谱写星空探索传奇

70 Years’ Imprint of New China --China’s legacy of Space Exploration

星空浩瀚无比，探索永无止境。新中国成立70年以来，中国航天已经走过63年。经过几代航天人坚持不懈的努力和奋斗，中国航天事业实现了从无到有，从弱到强的伟大演变，创造出了以“载人航天”、“月球探测”为代表的辉煌成就，走出了一条自力更生、自主创新的发展道路。

The universe presents various opportunities for exploration. Since the People’s Republic of China was founded 70 years ago, our space industry, starting from scratch and relying on several generations of space scientists and technologists’ persistent and innovative efforts, has made remarkable achievements represented by "human spaceflights" and "lunar exploration" over the past 63 years.

1956年10月8日，中国第一个火箭导弹研究机构成立，中国航天事业就此展开。

The establishment of China's first Rocket and Missile Research Institute on October 8, 1956, raised the curtain on the country’s space exploration.

1970年4月24日，中国第一颗人造地球卫星“东方红一号”发射成功，标志着中国成为继苏联、美国、法国、日本之后，世界上第五个用自制火箭发射国产卫星的国家。

On April 24, 1970, China successfully launched its first satellite, Dongfanghong-1, becoming the fifth country after Soviet Union, the United States, France and Japan to send its domestic satellite into orbit with a self-made rocket.

富有诗意的中国人，将载人航天的飞船命名为神舟，1999年11月20日，中国第一艘无人试验飞船“神舟一号”发射成功。2003年10月15日，中国第一艘载人航天飞船“神舟五号”发射成功，航天员杨利伟完成中国首次载人航天飞行。从这一天起，在浩渺的宇宙间有了中国的五星红旗。标志着中国成为苏联和美国之后第三个将人送上太空的国家。

On November 20, 1999, China's first unmanned spacecraft, Shenzhou I, was put into orbit. The name Shenzhou means “Divine Vessel” in Chinese. 

On October 15, 2003, Shenzhou V blast into orbit, carrying China’s first man in space, Yang Liwei. China became the third country after the Soviet Union and the U.S. to send an astronaut into space.

2016年9月15日，中国第一个真正意义上的空间实验室“天宫二号”发射成功。同年10月17日，“神舟十一号”发射成功，搭载航天员与“天宫二号”完成自动交会对接，总飞行时间长达33天，是中国持续时间最长的一次载人飞行任务。

On September 15, 2016, China's first spacelab, Tiangong II, was launched successfully. On October 17 that year, Shenzhou Ⅺ carrying astronauts successfully docked with Tiangong II. This longest manned mission in China lasted 33 days. 

半个世纪以来，中国已成功发射了200多颗卫星、11艘飞船和1个空间实验室。从无人飞行到载人飞行，从一人一天到多人多天，从舱内实验到出太空行走，从单船飞行到组合体稳定运行。如今，中国开始迈向空间站时代，触角伸向更远的星际。

Over the past half-century, China has successfully launched more than 200 satellites, 11 spacecrafts and a spacelab. From unmanned to manned flights, a single-astronaut one-day space journey to multiple-astronaut multi-day ones, cabin experiments to spacewalks, and single-spacecraft flight to the stable operation of spacecrafts combination, China has been going steadily one step after another towards its goal of setting up its space station to explore deep space.

按照“绕”“落”“回”三步走的战略，中国相继发射了多颗月球探测器。相比于世界，中国探月工程虽然起步晚、时间短，却创造了一个又一个人类探月史上的第一次。2007年，中国第一颗绕月人造卫星“嫦娥一号”发射升空，使中国成为世界上为数不多的具有深空探测能力的国家。2009—2013年“嫦娥二号”、“嫦娥三号”相继发射成功。2019年，中国嫦娥四号探测器成功着陆月球背面，实现人类航天器首次在月球背面的软着陆和巡视探测。

China’s moon mission follows a three-phase strategy of "orbiting", "landing" and "returning". In 2007, it launched its first lunar orbiting satellite, Chang'e 1, becoming one of the few countries in the world capable of doing deep space exploration. This was followed by "Chang'e 2" in 2010 and "Chang'e 3" in 2013. In 2019, Chang'e 4 lunar probe successfully landed on the far side of the moon, realizing the first soft landing of a human spacecraft on the far side of the moon.

70年来，中国在载人航天、卫星通信、火箭技术等多领域全面开花。“北斗”、“长征”、“悟空”、“墨子”等为中国航天事业续写新成果。航天科技在探索奥妙宇宙的同时，也在服务于大众的美好生活。未来中国航天也必将为推动世界航天事业发展、人类和平利用太空、推动构建人类命运共同体做出更大中国贡献

Over the past 70 years, China has made great strides in human space exploration, satellite communications, rocket technology and other fields. "Beidou", "Long March", "Wukong", "Mozi" are all remarkable achievements. While exploring the mysteries of the universe, space technology has also contributed to improving our daily life. In the future, China's space industry hopes to make greater contribution to the development of the world's space industry and the peaceful use of outer space.

来源：中国网

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