外媒丨《福布斯》这样看海南自贸港

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2020年6月29日晚，《关于海南离岛旅客免税购物政策的公告》发布，全球知名财经媒体《Forbes》对海南自贸港相关政策进行了报道，文章表示，随着越来越多的销售开始向中国聚集，中国政府的自贸港政策也将对全球机场免税店产生影响。

China Set For Shopping Bonanza As $14,000 Tax-Free Allowance Kicks In

随着免税额度的大幅提升（至1.4万美元），中国迎来免税购物热潮

Contributor：Kevin Rozario

作者：凯文·罗萨里奥

▲Busy busy: Customers purchase cosmetics at a duty-free shopping center on June 30 in Sanya, Hainan ... [+] CHINA NEWSSERVICE VIA GETTY IMAGES

6月30日，消费者在海南三亚的免税购物中心购买化妆品

Chinese travelers can avail themselves of a new upper limit of RMB100,000 ($14,140) in off-shore duty-free shopping from today. The move is part of a master plan from the central government to develop a free trade port on the tourist island of Hainan—but it could also impact airport duty-free stores worldwide as more sales start to concentrate in China.

从今天起，中国游客可以享受高达10万人民币（合14,140美元）的离岛免税购物额度。这是中国中央政府海南自由贸易港总体方案关于自贸港在促进海南旅游岛发展方面的重要举措。随着越来越多的销售开始向中国聚集，也将对全球机场免税店产生影响。

The decision to increase the limit from RMB30,000 ($4,240) China was first announced a month ago, and the implementation today was sanctioned by the Chinese Ministry of Finance, the General Administration of Customs, and the State Administration of Taxation.

6月1日，在海南自贸港总体方案中，中国将离岛免税额度从3万元提升至10万元，近期财政部、海关总署和税务总局又公布了具体的实施细则。

A major mid-century project

本世纪中叶的一项重大工程

At 13,650 square miles, Hainan Island is 13 times larger than Hong Kong's 1,064 square miles but with a population that is not much bigger: 9.3 million versus 7.5 million. Add to that Hainan's GDP per capita of $7,173 versus Hong Kong's $49,334 and it is easy to see Hainan's development potential.

海南岛的面积为13650平方英里，比香港的1064平方英里大13倍，但人口基数较小，海南总人口为930万，香港为750万。此外，海南人均GDP为7173美元，而香港为49334美元，海南未来发展潜力巨大。

Policies for the free trade port will be in place by 2025, and by 2035, if not before, the lure of zero tariffs on some imported goods plus corporation tax expected to be 15%, a full 10% below the usual rate, will bring corporations and talent to the island. Hainan's Provincial Bureau of International Economic Development will be leading that campaign.

海南自由贸易港政策若未提前，则将按2025年、2035年的截止期分阶段实施，部分进口商品零关税和比正常税率减少10%的15%企业所得税率，将吸引诸多企业和人才向海南集聚。海南国际经济发展局将积极向全球推介海南自贸港免税产业投资机遇，吸引更多的企业来海南投资兴业。

▲Table talk: CDFG-Sanya has tracked from 7th to 2ndand Hainan Meilan from 12th to 3rd. JESSICA'S SECRET

以上表格显示：三亚中免集团排名从第7位上升到了第2位，海口美兰从第12位上升到了第3位。(杰西卡秘密)

In the here-and-now, as well as the allowance rise, China has increased the product categories that can be bought tax-free from 38 to 45. It has also removed the price cap on any single purchase opening the door to luxury brands offering higher-value products than was possible in the past.

此时此地，随着免税额度的提高，中国还将免税商品品类从38种增加到45种。同时，还取消了对所购买的任何单件商品的价格限制，为提供高价值商品的奢侈品品牌敞开了大门，而这在过去是不可能的。

Shoppers entitled to the new allowance include both domestic and foreign travelers— including residents of Hainan—aged over 16 who have air, train or ship tickets to depart from Hainan along with valid identity documents.

可享受最新限额政策的购物者包括国内外游客和年满16岁的海南居民，只要他们持有从海南出发的机票、火车票或船票以及有效身份证件即可。

Stores authorized to sell tax-free currently include duty-free shops at Haikou Meilan Airport, Haikou Riyue Plaza, Qionghai Boao, and Sanya Haitang Bay, the biggest retail destination in Hainan.

目前获准免税销售的商店包括海口美兰机场、海口日月广场、琼海博鳌和海南最大的免税零售商店三亚海棠湾免税店。

Sales—and travel—are bouncing back

消费和旅游的热度正在反弹式回升

According to a whitepaper issued by the recently-formed Oriental Travel Retail Observer (OTRO*), China Duty Free Group, the country's biggest duty-free retailer, has seen an exceptionally strong rebound since Covid-19 was at its height in the country in February. During that month the retailer's operation in Sanya saw a year-on-year sales decline of 79%, but by May it was having to handle a huge 99% rise.

根据最近成立的东方旅游零售观察组织发布的白皮书，自今年2月新冠病毒在中国达到顶峰以来，中国最大的免税零售商中国免税集团出现了异常强劲的反弹。当月，该零售商在三亚的销售额同比下降了79%，但到了5月份，销售额却大幅增长了99%。

The Chinese appetite to shop in Hainan is also increasing based on retailer tracking by the Jessica's Secret duty-free price comparison app. According to click data from the company, between September 2019 and April 2020, CDFG-Sanya moved from the seventh-ranked retailer to second behind Sunrise-Shanghai, consistently ranked top, while Hainan Meilan Duty Free went from 12th to 3rd.

根据“杰西卡秘密”（免税品比价应用程序）零售商分析数据显示，中国人来海南免税购物愿意也在增强。根据该公司的点击数据，从2019年9月至2020年4月，中免集团三亚从排名第七上升至第二，仅次于榜首的上海日上免税店，而海南美兰免税店则从第12位升至第3位。

▲Flip flop: Hainan will almost certainly overtakeShanghai's airports this year.

几乎可以肯定，今年海南将超过上海机场

Travel analyst ForwardKeys says that in 2019, Hainan was China's second largest market for duty free sales at $1.7 billion, behind Shanghai's two airports, Pudong and Hongqiao, with $2 billion between them. But this year, with the higher allowance in place, Hainan could easily top the table.

旅游业分析师ForwardKeys表示，2019年，海南是中国第二大免税销售市场，销售额高达17亿美元，仅次于上海的浦东和虹桥两个机场，两者共20亿美元。但在今年，随着免税限额的提高，海南将轻而易举地跃居第一。

ForwardKeys analysis shows that in June and July, bookings to Sanya were back to 90% of 2019's levels, leading a travel recovery ahead of other tourist destinations such as Chongqing, Zhengzhou, Chengdu and Changsha.

ForwardKeys的分析显示，6月和7月，三亚的旅游预订量恢复到2019年水平的90%，领先于重庆、郑州、成都和长沙等其他旅游目的地，引领了旅游业的复苏。

Crackdown on resellers

打击代购

While new product categories and higher limits give Hainan's shoppers more reasons to visit, the Chinese government has also introduced penalties to stop the reselling of products in the domestic market, especially by professional daigou traders. These are individuals who shop in bulk for others, a practice that has become so big it is effectively its own distribution channel and prominent in markets such as South Korea and Australia.

当新商品品类和更高免税限额让购物者们更有理由去海南购物和旅游，与此同时中国政府也出台了相关惩罚措施，禁止在国内市场转售免税商品，特别是针对专业代购商。这些代购商为他人在市场上大量购入商品，并拥有自己的分销渠道，已经做成很大规模，尤其在澳大利亚和韩国市场占有重要地位。

A Ministry of Finance statement says: "Individuals who resell, purchase for others, or smuggle duty-free commodities… shall be prevented from making any off-shore duty-free purchase for a period of three years. If a crime is constituted, responsibility shall be investigated according to law."

财政部的一份公告中提到：“对倒卖、代购、走私免税商品的个人……三年内不得购买离岛免税商品；构成犯罪的，依法追究责任。”

The ministry has gone further to widen culpability. It notes: "Travel agencies and transportation enterprises that assist in violating the off-shore tax-free policy and disrupt the market shall be subject to 'rectification'. Duty-free shops that break relevant regulations shall be punished and held accountable by the customs authority in accordance with relevant laws and regulations."

财政部公告进一步扩大了追责范围。指出：“对协助违反离岛免税政策、扰乱市场秩序的旅行社、运输企业，给予整顿。违反相关规定的离岛免税店，由海关部门依照有关法律、行政法规给予处理、处罚。”

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来源/投资海南

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责编/李怡然　审校/陈晓宇　监制/李雨思

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