学术视界|SMJ:至关重要的平台治理问题:平台开放控制如何影响平台互补者之间的知识共享(附下载链接)
Platform governance matters: How platform gatekeeping affects knowledge sharing among complementors
至关重要的平台治理问题:平台开放控制如何影响平台互补者之间的知识共享
Yuchen Zhang
Tulane University
Jingjing Li
University of Virginia
Tony W. Tong
University of Colorado Boulder
管理摘要:平台所有者可以使用治理策略,如把关,来控制补充者的平台访问和规制他们的价值创造活动。本研究考察了平台访问控制机制如何以知识共享的形式影响互补者之间的互动。我们发现苹果监察政策失误后,IOS应用开发者分享知识的频率降低,这表明严格的平台访问控制可以促进互补者之间的互动。此外,知识共享的减少在拥有常规知识的应用程序开发人员中更为明显,而在拥有复杂知识的应用程序开发人员中则不太明显,这表明互补者的特征也很重要。这项研究强调了理解平台治理策略的设计和部署对互补者的交互和更广泛的价值创造活动影响的价值。
Orchestrating complementors' value creation activities is critical to platform owners but is challenging. Emerging literature on platform governance suggests that platform access control can shape complementors' contributions to platforms. We extend this literature by using the coopetition framework from strategic management to examine therelationship between platform gatekeeping, a prominent policy for governing platform access, and knowledge sharing among complementors. Exploiting the iOS 7 jailbreak as an exogenous shock to Apple's gatekeeping policy and tracing iOS and Android app developers' knowledge sharing activity on an online forum, we find causal evidence that a lapse in gatekeeping reduces knowledge sharing among iOS app developers. Further, this effect is mitigated among developers with greater knowledge complexity but magnified among those with greater knowledge routineness.
Managerial Summary:
Platform owners can use governance policies, such as gatekeeping, to control complementors' platform access and shape their value creation activities. This study examines how platform access control affects the interactions among complementors in the form of knowledge sharing. We find that iOS app developers share knowledge less frequently after a lapse in Apple's gatekeeping policy, suggesting that strict platform access control can facilitate complementors' interactions with oneanother. Further, the decrease in knowledge sharing is more pronounced among app developers with routine knowledge and less so among those with complex knowledge, indicating that complementors' characteristics also matter. This study highlights the value of understanding the impact of the design and deployment of platform governance policies on complementors' interactions andvalue creation activities more generally.
互补者, 开放控制, 创新, 知识共享, 平台治理
Keywords: complementor, gatekeeping, innovation, knowledge sharing, platform governance
讨论与结论
本研究将合作竞争框架扩展到平台环境,以考察平台治理如何影响互补者之间的互动。我们的分析集中在平台访问控制上,平台访问控制以审查的形式作为互补者进行知识共享的驱动力。通过利用IOS 7的越狱事件作为苹果监察政策的外源性冲击,我们的研究表明监察的失误或者缺失会导致IOS应用程序开发人员的知识共享互动减少,同时这种影响因开发人员而异,且取决于他们知识背景的特征。因此,我们的研究表明,平台治理策略的战略设计和部署可以成为平台所有者协调互补者之互动(如知识共享)的一个有价值的工具。随着平台在数字经济中的地位越来越突出,我们希望这项研究将促进对平台治理、互补者的价值创造活动和平台有效性之间关系的进一步研究。
文章来源:Zhang, Y., Li, J., & Tong, T. W. (2020). Platform governance matters: How platform gatekeeping affects knowledge sharing among complementors. Strategic Management Journal.
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