海归学者发起的公益学术平台
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利用新的理论、新计算工具和强大的计算能力,电子材料的计算筛选是实验探索的一种有效而经济的选择。例如这些计算工具协助发现了诸如TmAgTe2、NbFeSb、NbCoSn和CdIn2Te4等许多新的高性能热电(TE)候选材料。人们还借此类工具探索出高迁移率的氧化物、发现了作为透明导体的新材料,并可能应用于显示器、发光二极管和太阳能电池等。一些通过计算确定的TE候选材料(如Ba2BiTaO6和TaIrGe)已得到实验验证。许多以前的工作都是基于载流子迁移率μ、电导率σ和塞贝克系数S的预测。尽管基于Boltzmann输运方程(BTE)的最新工具和理论能够准确预测电子和声子的输运性质,但其高复杂性和高计算成本,限制了其高通量筛选预测。
该研究提出了一种计算效率高的第一性原理方法,以预测半导体本征电荷输运性质。来自新加坡科学技术研究局高性能计算研究所的Gang Wu和Shuo-Wang Yang共同领导的团队,通过引入广义Eliashberg函数并加入光学声子极化、杂质散射和自由载流子屏蔽等过程,经过密度泛函微扰理论的计算,使该方法在计算量很小的情况下,尤其对非极性和极性半导体都能实现高保真度。该研究论证了极性光学声子散射的重要性,这表明在研究极性半导体的电子性质时,在没有考虑极性光学声子散射时,需格外小心。通过与Si、GaAs、Mg2Si和NbFeSb的实验和理论结果进行的比较,作者验证了这一方法的可靠性,并揭示了NaInSe2是一种潜在的新型热电材料。该方法的提出可广泛应用于高迁移率半导体和高性能热电光伏材料的高通量筛选。
该文近期发表于npj Computational Materials 6: 46 (2020),英文标题与摘要如下,点击左下角“阅读原文”可以自由获取论文PDF。
EPIC STAR: a reliable and efficient approach for phonon- and impurity-limited charge transport calculations
Tianqi Deng, Gang Wu, Michael B. Sullivan, Zicong Marvin Wong, Kedar Hippalgaonkar, Jian-Sheng Wang & Shuo-Wang Yang
A computationally efficient first-principles approach to predict intrinsic semiconductor charge transport properties is proposed. By using a generalized Eliashberg function for short-range electron–phonon scattering and analytical expressions for long-range electron–phonon and electron–impurity scattering, fast and reliable prediction of carrier mobility and electronic thermoelectric properties is realized without empirical parameters. This method, which is christened “Energy-dependent Phonon- and Impurity-limited Carrier Scattering Time AppRoximation (EPIC STAR)” approach, is validated by comparing with experimental measurements and other theoretical approaches for several representative semiconductors, from which quantitative agreement for both polar and non-polar, isotropic and anisotropic materials is achieved. The efficiency and robustness of this approach facilitate automated and unsupervised predictions, allowing high-throughput screening and materials discovery of semiconductor materials for conducting, thermoelectric, and other electronic applications.
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