JRS 董永庆 王卫东 李绍平 张林秀：父母外出对中国农村留守儿童上学的累积影响【转】
*中文标题和摘要系简单翻译，可能存在部分错误，请以英文为准
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摘要：
父母为非农就业而迁移在发展中国家农村地区的家庭生计中发挥着重要作用。毫无疑问，这种方式为减贫、增加收入、增强农村家庭消费能力做出了贡献。然而，尽管父母迁移对儿童学业成绩的短期影响在最近的实证研究中受到相当大的关注，但关于它是否对劳动者子女上学有长期影响的研究仍然很少。本文研究了父母外出打工对中国农村留守儿童受教育年限的影响。我们使用自己收集的具有全国代表性的中国农村发展调查的独特数据集。通过使用OLS和家庭固定效应模型，我们发现父母迁移增加了对儿童的教育投资，而对留守儿童的上学受教育年限没有影响。这意味着先前使用父母移民同期测量的研究可能高估了父母移民对儿童上学年数的不利影响。本研究对文献有两个贡献——一是首次在中国背景下研究父母迁移对留守儿童受教育年限的累积影响；二是应用家庭固定效应模型缓解内生性问题。
Abstract
It is widely known that parental migration for off-farm employment plays an important role in the livelihoods of families in rural areas of developing countries. Undoubtedly, it has made contributions to poverty reduction, income increases, and the strengthening of the consumption capacity of rural families. However, research on whether it has a long-term effect on the schooling of laborers' children is still scarce despite the short-run effect of parental migration on children's academic performance receiving considerable attention in recent empirical research. This paper investigates the impact of parental migration for off-farm employment on the schooling years of left-behind children in rural China. We draw on a unique dataset collected by the authors themselves through the nationally representative China Rural Development Survey. By using ordinary least squares and the family fixed effects model, our results show that parental migration increases the educational investment in children, while it has no effect on the schooling years of left-behind children. It implies previous studies using the contemporaneous measure for parental migration might overestimate the adverse effect of exposure to parental migration on children's schooling years. This study makes two contributions to the literature – one, it is the first study in the china context on the cumulative impact of parental migration on schooling years of left-behind children and second, it applies the family fixed effects model to alleviate the endogeneity problems.
原文链接（点击“阅读原文”跳转）：
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2021.07.007
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撰文编辑：王煜正
审核：龙文进