刊讯｜SSCI 期刊《语用学杂志》2022年第190卷

Journal of Pragmatics

Volume190 2022

    Journal of Pragmatics（SSCI二区，2021 IF：1.86）2022年第190卷共发文11篇，其中研究性论文9篇，书评2篇。内容涉及多模态反应模式、互动语言学、诗歌文本程序编码、元话语功能等相关主题。

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目录

REGULAR PAPERS

■In your face? Exploring multimodal response patterns involving facial responses to verbal and gestural stance-taking expressions by Kurt Feyaerts, Christian Rominger, Helmut Karl Lackner, Geert Brône, ... Ilona Papousek Pages 6-17

■The granularity of seeing in interaction by Aug Nishizaka Pages 24-40

■Line divisions as stylistic devices in poetry: Relevance, procedural encoding and ad hoc concepts by Daniel William Pinder Pages 45-59

■Academic lectures versus political speeches: Metadiscourse functions affected by the role of the audience by Hadi Kashiha Pages 60-72

■Irony as a speech action by Maciej Witek Pages 76-90

BOOK REVIEW

■Okay across Languages: Toward a Comparative Approach to its Use in Talk-in-Interaction, Emma Betz, Arnulf Depperman, Lorenza Mondada, Marja-Leena Sorjonen (Eds.). John Benjamins Publishing Company, Amsterdam (2021), 440, ISBN 978902720815, EUR 99.00, USD 149.00 (hardback) reviewed by Wayne A. Beach, Pages  41-44

■Repetitions in Gesture: A Cognitive-Linguistic and Usage-Based Perspective, Jana Bressem. De Gruyter Mouton, Berlin/Boston (2021), ix + 260 p. ISBN 978-3-11-069790-2 (hardcover), 978-3-11-069772-8 (ebook), € 99.95 / $ 114.99 (hardcover/ebook) by Daniel Tiskin, Pages 73-75

ARTICLES FROM THE SPECIAL ISSUE

■Epistemicity and stance in English and other European languages: Discourse-pragmatic perspectives, by Marta Carretero, Juana I. Marín-Arrese, Anna Ruskan Pages 18-23

■ Introducing the Special Issue on Revisiting problems on pragmatic mitigation: New methodological insights, by 

Maria Estellés, Marta Albelda, Pages 1-5

■ Beyond questions: Non-interrogative uses of ano ‘what’ in Tagalog, by Naonori Nagaya, Pages 91-109

■Claiming epistemic access: eh ciò-prefaced turns in Trevigiano and in regional Italian, by Franco Pauletto, Biagio Ursi, Pages 110-122

摘要

In your face? Exploring multimodal response patterns involving facial responses to verbal and gestural stance-taking expressionsIn your face? Exploring multimodal response patterns involving facial responses to verbal and gestural stance-taking expressions

Kurt Feyaerts, Department of Linguistics, University of Leuven, Belgium

Christian Rominger, Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Austria

Helmut Karl Lackner, Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Austria

Geert Brône, Department of Linguistics, University of Leuven, Belgium

Annelies Jehoul, Department of Linguistics, University of Leuven, Belgium

Bert ObenaI, Department of Linguistics, University of Leuven, Belgium

lona Papousek, Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Austria

Abstract In the present study, informed by insights from cognitive and interactional linguistics, we set out to explore how facial expressions systematically occur as responses in interactional sequences. More specifically, we use FACS-analyses (Facial Action Coding System) to study which Action Units (AU) on the part of the listener co-occur with multimodal stance-taking acts by speakers. Based on a data set of 24 dyadic interactions, we show that different types of stance acts (e.g. marking obviousness vs. using expressive amplifiers) reveal different patterns of facial responses. In addition, also within one type of stance act, there is systematic variation in facial responses. For example, listeners displayed significantly different AU-patterns in reactions to verbal obviousness markers, compared to non-verbal obviousness markers. Together, these observations highlight that, analogous to verbal responses in interactional sequences, also facial motor responses appear to be systematic, and highly dependent on conversational context. As such, the AU's under scrutiny serve as intersubjectively aligned response turns completing a situationally designed stance-taking act. With this interdisciplinary study, combining linguistics with psychology and physiology, we aim for a better understanding of the multimodal complexity that constitutes the process of meaning making in spontaneous conversation.

Key words Multimodal co-occurrence patterns；Interaction analysis；Stance-taking；Facial expression；Gesture analysis

The granularity of seeing in interaction

Aug Nishizaka, Department of Sociology, Chiba University, Inage-Ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan

Abstract Using the methodology of conversation analysis, this study explores how the ascribability of high-granularity seeing is organized in interactions. It focuses on the practice of repeating a word or phrase with a fixed gaze (finely coordinated with the temporal unfolding of an event at which the speaker gazes) as an exemplar practice that embodies high-granularity seeing. The high-granularity seeing embodied by the practice (“seeing the continuous temporal development of an action or movement”) becomes relevant at specific sequential positions where some trouble is occurring or expectable in complying with an instructional request. It also accomplishes “specifically attending to an individual in (potential) trouble” in a way appropriate to the ongoing activity. The ascribability of high-granularity seeing is a constitutive part of the implementation of a specific action in a specific interactional context. The data are in Japanese with English translation.

Key words High-granularity seeing；Conversation analysis；Repetition of a word or phrase；Instructional action；Fukushima disaster  

Line divisions as stylistic devices in poetry: Relevance, procedural encoding and ad hoc concepts

Daniel William Pinder, The Department of Humanities, Sheffield Hallam University

AbstractThis article adopts a relevance-theoretic approach to the study of line divisions in non-metrical free verse poetry. The article argues that, when positioned at particular points within a poetic text's constituent structure, line divisions can take on procedural-like qualities, in that they perceptually highlight particular elements of the text's linguistically encoded material, thus steering the inferential interpretation process in particular directions. The article also argues that the procedural-like qualities of line divisions can interact with relevance-driven inference, and with the generic convention for interpreting poetic texts in a non-spontaneous fashion, to produce arrays of cognitive effects, which likely would not have been derived had the text been arranged in a less visuospatially segmented manner. Furthermore, the article suggests that the conceptual material relating to these effects may map back onto and adjust the text's lexically encoded content, affecting how particular elements of this content are narrowed and/or broadened, and thus the nature of the resulting ad hoc concepts.

Key words Relevance theory；Line divisions；Procedural encoding；ad hoc concepts

Academic lectures versus political speeches: Metadiscourse functions affected by the role of the audience

Hadi Kashiha, Faculty of Language Studies, Sohar University

Abstract This study was an attempt to analyze and compare the use of metadiscourse markers that function as audience orientation in academic and political modes of speech. The analysis was based on a corpus of 40 academic lectures and political speeches (20 transcriptions each) following Ädel's (2010) taxonomy of metadiscourse to see to what extent and how these two spoken modes use metadiscourse functions to engage with audiences and involve them in discourse. The findings showed that lectures by far made more frequent use of metadiscourse functions to orient audiences due to their dialogic nature for which lecturers were more likely to pull students into their argumentations and establish linguistic and pragmatic connections with them while delivering information. Furthermore, some variations were depicted between the two modes in the way that metadiscourse functions were performed with some functions being exclusive to academic lectures. These findings suggest that the presence and role of the audience can impact the language choice of an addresser, reflecting the importance of audience awareness in constructing the discourse of oral language in general and dialogic language in particular. This audience awareness can be done either explicitly through audience engagement metadiscourse functions or implicitly through metatext language use.

Key words Academic lectures；Audience；Function；Metadiscourse；Orientation ；Political speeches

Irony as a speech action

Maciej Witek, Institute of Philosophy and Cognitive Science, University of Szczecin

Abstract  The paper develops a speech act-based model of verbal irony. It argues, first, that ironic utterances are speech actions performed as conforming to a socially accepted procedure and, second, that they are best understood as so-called etiolated uses of language.

The paper is organized into four parts. The first one elaborates on Austin's doctrine of the etiolations of language and distinguishes between the normal or serious mode of communication and its etiolated mode. The second part discusses the dominant approaches to verbal irony and argues that the irony-as-a-trope theories can be viewed as attempts to describe ironic utterances as cases of normal speech, whereas the metalinguistic theories seem to treat them as etiolated uses of language. The third part proposes a set of felicity conditions for ironic acts and puts forth a hypothesis that echo and overt pretence are complementary techniques of linguistic etiolation used for ironizing. The fourth part uses the proposed model to discuss the social dimension of ironizing and argues that utterances intended as acts of ironizing may trigger the accommodating process of context-repair. The take-home message is that ironic utterances are essentially social actions: acts performed by invoking a socially accepted procedure.

Key words  Verbal irony；Speech acts；Felicity conditions；Linguistic etiolation；Echo；Accommodation

Epistemicity and stance in English and other European languages: Discourse-pragmatic perspectives

Marta Carretero, Corresponding author. Department of English Studies, Faculty of Philology, Complutense University of Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.

Juana l.Marin-Arrese, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain

Anna Ruskan, Vilnius University, Lithuania

Abstract This introduction to the special issue on epistemicity and stance provides an overview of epistemic stance resources in a number of European languages, with a focus on discourse-pragmatic meanings and uses. Epistemicity is viewed as a conceptual domain which includes the subcategories of epistemic modality and evidentiality. The contributions in this issue discuss a number of pragmatic features and properties of the expressions under analysis, thus adding to existing knowledge: multifunctionality, interpersonal rapport, facework, discourse functions and joint effects with expressions of other types of stance. An outline of the special issue is also provided, including a summary of all the contributions.

Key words Epistemicity；Epistemic modality；Evidentiality；Stance；Discourse；English

Introducing the Special Issue on Revisiting problems on pragmatic mitigation: New methodologicalinsights

Maria Estelles, University of Valencia/Val.Es.Co, Spain

Marta Albelda, University of Valencia/Val.Es.Co, Spain

Abstract This paper is an introduction to the Special Issue Revisiting Problems on Pragmatic Mitigation: New Methodological Insights. The aim of the introduction is two-fold: to present a brief overview of the studies on mitigation so far, and to introduce the papers included in the Special Issue.

From its origins in the field of formal semantics, the angle on mitigation has changed. At present, the pragmatic perspective has taken on major importance, and reveals how the expression of pragmatic mitigation is not systematically linked to the use of specific linguistic forms, but depends on situational factors (contextual, interactional, intentional, discursive), allowing a better recognition of mitigation, and making it easier to distinguish it from similar phenomena, such as vague language or verbal politeness.

The seven papers included in this SI use corpus data from different discourse genres, mainly from Spanish, aiming to characterise mitigation and to offer unified criteria for its recognition. The SI proposes a multidimensional approach to mitigation from a cognitive, socio-rhetorical, and linguistic point of view. Three studies, Albelda and Estellés (2021), Uclés Ramada (2020) and Villalba Ibáñez (2020), address the theoretical and methodological aspects of mitigation. Cabedo Nebot (2021) analyzes the prosody of mitigation and how it interacts with its lexical expression. Figueras Bates (2021) examines the incidence of the psychological dimension in the configuration of mitigation, and García Ramón (2021) explores mitigation from the point of view of Conversation Analysis. Finally, Kotwica (2020) examines the phenomenon of mitigation in relation to the semantic–pragmatic concept of evidentiality.

Key words Mitigation；Mitigating devices；Discursive factors；Methodological insights

Beyond questions: Non-interrogative uses of ano 'what'in Tagalog

Naonori Nagaya, Department of Linguistics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan

Abstract This paper examines the patterns of occurrence of the Tagalog question word ano ‘what’ in natural conversation. Contextual analysis of approximately 6 h of transcribed conversational data demonstrates that ano is used not only for interrogative but also non-interrogative uses, including functions such as rhetorical questioning and expressing negative stance, and as a generic pronominal, placeholder, filler, backchannel particle, confirmation particle, and assertive mood marker, each deviating from the interrogative use in one way or another in terms of morphosyntax, interactional behavior, and utterance prosody. Quantitative analysis of its functional distribution reveals that the non-interrogative uses of ano appear more frequently than the interrogative use, with the placeholder use being most frequent. Findings from this study shed light on descriptive and theoretical issues related to polysemy (as manifested in the polysemy network of ano with the placeholder use being basic), constructionalization (as seen in the recruitment of formulaic ano expressions as pragmatic markers), and the asymmetry between left periphery and right periphery (as evidenced in the correlation between syntactic location and discourse function, e.g., disaffiliative ano at left periphery vs. confirmational ano at right periphery). Whether other languages exhibit similar, different, or varied behavior with respect to their interrogative constructions deserves further study from both discourse-pragmatic and typological perspectives.

Key wordsTagalog；‘what’-word；Placeholder；Attitudinal interrogative；Constructionalization；Left periphery–right periphery asymmetry

Claiming epistemic access: eh cio-prefaced turns in Trevigiano and in regional Italian

Franco Pauletto, Stockholms universitet, Sweden

Biagio Ursi, ICAR Lab, CNRS & Université de Lyon, France

Abstract This conversation analytic study describes the interactional uses of ciò [ʧɔ], a pragmatic particle that is used both in the regional Italian spoken in Veneto (a region of northeastern Italy) and in Trevigiano (Trevixàn [trevi’zaŋ]), an Italo-Romance variety widely used in the Treviso area. Preliminary results show that ciò (derived from the imperative form of the verb ciór/tòr ([ʧor]/[tɔr] ‘to take’) is mostly used as a preface in responsive position and is frequently preceded by the particle eh. In our data, the (eh) ciò-prefaced turns are designed as general, objective, obvious contributions through which participants provide a wider perspective on the topic while treating the preceding talk as defective or not dealing with relevant aspects of the subject under discussion. This study contributes to the documentation of linguistic forms that are used by speakers of an Italo-Romance variety as conversational resources in talk-in-interaction.

Key words Conversation analysis；Italian；Venetan；Pragmatic particles；Epistemics in interaction

期刊简介

Since 1977, the Journal of Pragmatics has provided a forum for bringing together a wide range of research in pragmatics, including cognitive pragmatics, corpus pragmatics, experimental pragmatics, historical pragmatics, interpersonal pragmatics, multimodal pragmatics, sociopragmatics, theoretical pragmatics and related fields. Our aim is to publish innovative pragmatic scholarship from all perspectives, which contributes to theories of how speakers produce and interpret language in different contexts drawing on attested data from a wide range of languages/cultures in different parts of the world.

自1977年以来，《语用学杂志》提供了一个论坛，汇集了广泛的语用学研究，包括认知语用学、语料库语用学、实验语用学、历史语用学、人际语用学、多模态语用学、社会语用学、理论语用学和相关领域。我们的目标是从各个角度发表创新的语用学，这有助于研究说话者如何利用来自世界不同地区广泛语言/文化的经过验证的数据在不同语境下产生和解释语言。

The Journal of Pragmatics also encourages work that uses attested language data to explore the relationship between pragmatics and neighbouring research areas such as semantics, discourse analysis, conversation analysis and ethnomethodology, interactional linguistics, sociolinguistics, linguistic anthropology, media studies, psychology, sociology, and the philosophy of language. Alongside full-length articles, discussion notes and book reviews, the journal welcomes proposals for high quality special issues in all areas of pragmatics which make a significant contribution to a topical or developing area at the cutting-edge of research.

《语用学杂志》还鼓励使用经过验证的语言数据探索语用学与邻近研究领域之间的关系，如语义学、话语分析、会话分析和民族方法学、互动语言学、社会语言学、语言人类学、媒体研究、心理学、社会学和语言哲学。除了完整论文、讨论笔记和书评外，该杂志还欢迎在语用学的所有领域提出高质量的专题建议，这些建议对前沿研究的主题或发展领域做出了重大贡献。

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