八年级下|人教新目标版八年级下册课本听力Unit 3（附知识梳理）,预习随身听！

【重点短语】

1.go out fordinner 出去吃饭

2.stay out late 在外面待到很晚

3.go to the movies去看电影

4.get a ride 搭车

5.work on 从事

6.finish doingsth. 完成做某事

7.clean and tidy 干净整洁的

8.do the dishes 洗餐具

9.take out therubbish 倒垃圾

10.fold your/theclothes 叠衣服

11.sweep the floor扫地

12.make your/thebed 整理床铺

13.clean the livngroom 打扫客厅

14.no problem 没问题

15.welcome sb. 欢迎某人

16.come home fromschool/work放学/下班回家

17.throw down 扔下

18.sit down 坐下

19.come over 过来

20.take sb. for awalk 带某人去散步

21.all the time 一直;总是

22.all day/evening整曰/夜

23.do housework 做家务

24.shout back 大声回应

25.walk away 走开

26.share thehousework 分担家务

27.a comfortablehome 一个舒适的家

28.in surprise 惊讶地

29.get somethingto drink 拿点喝的东西

30.watch one show 观看一个节目

31.hang out 闲逛

32.pass sb. sth. 把某物传给某人

33.lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人

34.get sth. wet 使某物弄湿

35. hate to dosth. 讨厌做某事

36.do chores 做杂务

37.help sb. (to )d o /with sth•帮助某人干某事

38.bring a tent带顶帐篷来

39.buy some snacks买些小吃

40.go to the store去商店

41.invite sb. to aparty邀请某人参加聚会

42.make sb. dosth. 使某人做某事

43.enough stress足够的压力

44.a waste of time浪费时间

45.in order to为了

46.get good grades取得好成绩

47.mind doing sth.介意做某事

48.depend on依赖;依靠

49.developchildren ’ s independence发展孩子的独立性

50.look after/takecare of 照顾；照看

51.do one’ s part in (doing ) sth. 做某人分内的事

【重点句型】

1.Could you pleaseclean your room? 你能打扫一下你的房间吗？

2. I have to dosome work. 我必须干些活。

3. Could I useyour computer? 我可以用一下你的电脑吗？

4. She won't behappy if she sees this mess. 如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。

5. For one week,she did not do any housework and neither did I. 整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。

6. My mom cameover as soon as I sat down in front of the TV .我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。

7. I hate to dochores. 我不喜欢做杂务。

Unit3 Could you please clean your room?重难点解析

1. Peter,could you please take out the trash? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？

【解析1】Could you please do sth ?请你（做）......好吗？

用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。

Could 不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.

【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem. 否定回答： Sorry , I can’t

【解析2】take out 取出（v+ adv）

【注】:跟代词做宾语，代词放中间；跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边

【短语】take out the trash 倒垃圾  take a walk 散步  take away 拿走，取走

       take back 收回           take place 发生   take off  脱下；起飞

The gift is in the box. You can take itout.①Could you please ___________(把垃圾倒了)？

2. Can you do the dishes.？那你可以洗盘子吗？ do the dishes 洗碗

 【结构1】dothe +名词：   do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具/衣服

 【结构2】dothe +动词-ing  do the cleaning 打扫卫生

 【结构3】doone’s + 名词   do one’s housework/ homework 做家务/家庭作业

 【结构4】dosome +动词-ing do some reading/ shopping  读写书/购物

①Hismother ______________(洗碟子) in a restaurant.

3. Could I at least finish watching this show? 至少让我看完这个节目可以吗？

【解析1】Could I do asth? 我可以做......吗？  用于表达请求，语气比较委婉。

  Could I  go out with my classmate this weekend?

【解析2】at least 至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。  (反) at most 至少，不超过

【解析3】finish v 结束；完成   finish doing sth 做完某事

4. Ithink two hours of TV isenough for you!  我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。

【解析1】two hours of TV

  表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。

     How time is flies! Threeyears _______(be) really a short time.

足够的，充分的（在句中作定语或表语）

【解析2】enough                     I don’t have enough money with me.

足够；充分（放在形容词；副词后）

The river is deep enough forswimming. 

【记】Mr. Smith has enough money ,but he isn’t kind enough to help others.

【注意】enough修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰形容词时，置于形容词之后。                      

5. Couldyou take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes?

   你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服叠好，再把碗洗了吗？

【解析】take out 拿出；取出take 的用法：

Please take some books to theclassroom.

Take this medicine threetimes a day.

They usually take the bus towork.

It takes me two hours to domy homework every day.

【拓展】take 构成的短语：takea walk 去散步  take a rest 休息  take care of照顾 take off 脱下；起飞

take up 占据    take down 拿下   take one’s time 不急；慢慢来 take one’s temperature 量体温

6. The minuteI sat down in front ofthe TV, my mom came over.我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。

【解析1】the minute = as soon as  “一...... 就......” Pleasewrite to me the minute you get there.

【解析2】 in front of

    指在物体外部的前面

 There is a bikein front of the classroom.

【辨析】 

  指在物体内部的前面

Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom

【记】 The driver sat ________________ the car.   The policeman stood ___________ the car.

【注意】有the无the区别大：  in the hospital 在医院（不一定看病）

      at table 吃饭；进餐

     at the tabel 在桌边      in hospital 住院

  【解析3】come over 过来【拓展】come 短语：

come across（偶然）发现   come back 回来     come up with想出  cometrue实现 come down下来 come from=be from来自,出生于comein/into进入,进来 come on赶快,加油     come along走吧,过来,快点

come and go来来去去  come up上来  come out出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来

7. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house!你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务！

【解析】all the time  = always 一直；总是【拓展】与time相关的短语：

 on time 按时 in time 及时  at the same time同时  form time to time偶尔  the first time 第一次      attimes 有时  time and time again 一再；经常     last time上次next time 下次

8. I’m just as tired as you are! 我和你一样累！

【解析】as...as ... 和......一样......【注】比较级倍数表达句型为：倍数+as+形容词、副词原级+as+比较对象

【福建2】23.The famous musician, as well as his students, _______ to perform at the openingceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.

A.were invited      B. was invited     C. have been invited   D. has been invited

【解析】考主谓一致和动词时态。题干主语中心词为介词短语as well as之前的musician，故谓语用单数

 9. Forone week , she did not do any housework and neither did I.一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。

【解析】neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语   “某人（主语）也不”

⑴ neither两者都不neither …nor… 既不…也不…,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定

NeitherTom nor Jim is a student

⑵ 表达“…也不……” 则用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主”

10. The nextday , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.

第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。【解析】find+宾语+宾语补足语

【注】find → found →found v寻找   (1) find sb. doing sth 发现某人做某事

(2) find it + adj. + to do sth 发现做某事很…… ◆find it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难

11.  She asked in surprise.她吃惊地问道。  【解析】insurprise 惊奇地；吃惊地

surprise v 使吃惊→surprising adj.令人吃惊的 →surprised adj. 吃惊的

to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是 insurprise 吃惊地 be surprised at 对…感到吃惊

①__________________(使我吃惊的是），hegot the first prize in the exam.

②We are ____________at the _____________news.(surprise)

12. “ I’m dosorry, Mom. I finish understand that we needto sharethehousework to have a clean and comfortable home.” I replied.【解析1】need  v 需要 ,用于肯定句，是实义动词。

(1)人做主语，sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事 (2)物做主语，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done

 ①Students need__________(have) a good rest in studying. ②The watch needs___________(mend).

用于否定句或疑问句，是情态动词  (1)needn’t= don’t have to 没有必要

(2)need ,must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定会的用must,否定回答用needn’t

  — Must I go there now?  — Yes，youmust/No, you needn’t

【解析2】share 分享；共用    share sth 分享或共用某物   share sth with sb.与某人分享某物

13.Could I hang out with myfriends after the movie?看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗？

【解析】hang out 闲逛   hang up 把......悬挂/挂起

14. Could you please pass me the salt?你能把盐递给我吗？

【解析】pass  ⑴v 给；递；走过；通过  pass sb.sth 把某物递给某人   Pass on 传递 

Please pass the paper on to the other students.

  ⑵ v 通过；路过 I pass your home.  ⑶ v 通过（考试）；及格 Tom can pass his math exam.

15. Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本书看吗Couldyou lend me some money?你能借我一些钱吗？

【解析】borrow /lend/keep

 (1)borrow 借入 ,与from 连用，尤指主语“【借进来”】borrow sth from sb.从某人那里借某物

You can borrow the book from thelibrary.

(2)lend 借出 ,与to 搭配【指借出去】 lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人

 He doesn’t want to lend his book toothers.

 (3)keep 保留，保存（延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）【指借一段时间】

【记】I want to __________ a bike from my friend but he didn’t ____ it tome,

       because Tom had _____ it for two days.

16. I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet. 我的手指割伤了，伤口不能弄湿。

【解析】try (not) to do sth努力（不）做某事。try   v 试图，设法，努力 

 (1)try on 试穿  (2) try to do sth 努力做某事【侧重尽力做】  (3) try doing sth试图做某事【侧重尝试做】

(4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事

①We should __________________(尽最大努力)tobe happy in the future.

17. I hate to do chores. 我讨厌做家务。

【解析】hate to do sth 讨厌做某事, 表示某次具体行为或动作。I hate to trouble him.

       hate doing sth不愿意做某事表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。 She hates smoking in herroom.

18.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then? 那我能请求你帮我做些杂活吗？

【解析】ask sb. to do sth 要求某人做某事。ask for 请求，要某物  ask sb. about sth 向某人询问关于某事

 (1)ask sb. forhelp 向某人请求帮助   (2) ask sb. (not) to do sth请求某人做某事

19.I’ll finishmy homework while you help me with the dishes.当你帮我洗盘子的时候，我将完成我的作业。

【解析1】finish doing sth 完成某事

【解析2】while conj. “在……期间；当…的时候”While 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续动词。

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