【UNS知识平台】家居和办公环境的建筑与健康：活动

UNStudio重视知识的累积和共享，所以我们将持续发布有关UNStudio知识平台(UNSKnowledge)现时集中研究的议题的文章，在线上进行知识分享和讨论。

UNStudio知识平台是作为UNStudio及我们的姐妹建筑技术公司UNSense之间相互联系的社区网络，促进发展及跨领域的知识交流。我们根据现有趋势、辩论及挑战去定义和建立概念、愿景与策略，以提供高效且未来导向的解决方案。

Knowledge accumulation and sharing is critical in UNStudio. From time to time we share articles of our search on hot topics that UNSKnowledge team is working on to stimulate inspiration and discussion online.

UNSKnowledge is an inter-connected community network between UNStudio and our sister arch-tech company UNSense, to faciliate innovation and cross-discipline knowledge sharing. We define and develop ideas, visions and strategies in response to current trends, debates and challenges in order to provide efficient and future-proofing design solutions.

 家居和办公环境的建筑与健康：活动 

 Health and Architecture in the Home and Office: Movement 

▲站式桌 StandTable ©Prooff

许多全职工作人员都没有进行足量锻炼，因此无法拥有健康的生活方式。工作压力可能导致身体疲劳，让人在空闲无力锻炼身体。省钱省时的方法——无需购买健身卡——包括积极通勤以及在办公室定时活动身体。

Many people working a full-time job do not get the exercise they need in order to live a healthy lifestyle. Stress at work can cause physical exhaustion, leaving little energy for exercise during free time. Time and money-saving options – no gym membership necessary – include actively commuting to the workplace and regularly moving around once there.

▲站式桌 StandTable ©Prooff

对于有些人而言，上下班通勤是一天中最糟糕的部分，特别是搭乘汽车上下班，期间基本上没有运动的机会。而对于另外一些人，通勤则是一天中很好的锻炼时间，而且不止能改善身体健康。在发表于2014 年《预防医学》的一项研究中，Adam Martin 等人发现以积极方式（步行、骑乘自行车及搭乘公交）通勤的人心理健康状况要优于乘坐汽车通勤的人。

For some, the commute to and from the workplace can be the worst part of theday, particularly car commutes, which offer little to no opportunity for movement. For others, the commute can be a valuable time for fitting exercise into the day, which can contribute benefits beyond improved physical fitness. In a 2014 study published in Preventative Medicine, Adam Martin et al. found commuters who took modes of active travel (walking, cycling and public transport) to work experienced significantly higher degrees of psychological wellbeing than those who travelled to work by car.

▲坐式桌 SitTable ©Prooff

为了方便以积极方式通勤的人，设计者可以在办公大楼设置浴室、自行车存放点及锁柜。对于空间有限，无法增设相关设施的大楼，Active Commuting公司设计了一系列模块化设施，从而完全贴合此类需求。

In order to better accommodate workers who actively commute, designers can incorporate facilities like showers, bike storage and a locker room into their office buildings. For existing buildings that lack the space to add such facilities, the company Active Commuting has designed a set of modular pods to provide precisely these amenities.

▲坐式桌 SitTable ©Prooff

日间运动不应只限于通勤时，设计决策也可以影响工作者在工作时的活动量。进入一栋大楼之后，人们选择使用楼梯还是电梯可能取决于自己靠近哪个方式。世界绿色建筑委员会 2014 年的“办公室身心健康与效率”研究建议将吸引人、光线好的楼梯设置在距离大门入口更近的地方，以鼓励人们步行而非搭乘电梯上楼。

Incorporating movement into the day need not be limited to the commute: design decisions can also influence the amount of activity workers undertake once at work. Upon entering a building, the decision whether to take the stairs or the lift can depend on which you reach first. The World Green Building Council’s 2014 ‘Health, Wellbeing & Productivity in Offices’ study recommends locating attractive, well-lit stairs near a building’s main entrance to encourage people to walk between floors instead of taking the lift.

▲站式桌 StandTable ©Prooff

综合性社区最能帮助社区活跃，从而得到蓬勃发展。首层为零售场所的房地产项目在居民步行可达范围内一般会有杂货店、社区活动空间及运动设施，这样他们会更多地步行、骑自行车或搭乘公交而非驾车前往这些场所。设计良好的社区往往能营造更好的安全感。

在加拿大医学协会 2012 年的一项研究中，Lawrence Frank 等人发现了体力活动与安全感知度之间的直接联系，特别是对于妇女、青年人、残疾人士及老年人而言。同样的，《美国公共卫生杂志》的 James Krieger 和 Donna Higgins 在 2002 年的一项研究中发现，如果人们感到社区危险，则他们的体力活动会更少。因此，社区布局应着重连通性和安全性，从而利于居民拥有健康的生活方式。

Mixed-use neighbourhoods provide the best opportunity for active communities to flourish. Housing developments with ground-floor retail can bring amenities like grocery stores, community spaces and sport facilities into a walkable radius for residents, making them more likely to walk, cycle or take transit than drive there. A well-connected community can also foster a sense of safety and security.

In a 2012 study for the Canadian Medical Association, Lawrence Frank et al. discerned a direct link between physical activity and perceived safety and security, particularly for vulnerable groups like women, youth, people with disabilities and the elderly. Likewise, neighbourhood-level perceptions of danger can limit residents’ physical activity, per a 2002 study by James Krieger and Donna Higgins in the American Journal of Public Health. Therefore, neighbourhood design should focus on connectivity and safety in order to encourage a healthy lifestyle for its residents.

▲站式桌 StandTable ©Prooff

建筑师与设计师应注意的要点：

• 在办公室设置自行车存放及更衣设施

• 在综合性社区中设置步行可达的便利设施

• 在办公室设置方便人员活动的设施

UNStudio 及 Prooff 的站式桌与坐式桌为办公室人员提供了非正式、积极协作的场地。在传统的办公室空间引入一项出人意料的功能要素，即组合站式桌与坐式桌，让办公室工作这样一项需久坐的个体活动变成一项活跃的社交活动。

Key points for architects and designers:

• PROVIDE BIKE STORAGE AND CHANGING FACILITIES IN OFFICES

• DESIGN MIXED-USE NEIGHBOURHOODS WITH WALKABLE AMENITIES

• FURNISH OFFICES WITH ACTIVE WORKSTATIONS

UNStudio and Prooff’s StandTable and SitTable grant office workers new settings for informal, active collaboration. By introducing an unexpected function into a traditional office element, the StandTable and SitTable act as hybrid objects that transform an often sedentary, solitary activity – office work – and make it an active, social one.

UNStudio: Luke Parkhurst, FilippoLodi, Bart Chompff, Marisa Cortright

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