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那位神秘的先知

Daniel 理 国度大卫帐幕 2021-03-17

安息日妥拉




审判官 Shoftim  שופטים 



申命记(Deu): 16:18 – 21:9

以赛亚书(Isa): 51:12 – 52:12

约翰福音(Jhn): 1:19 – 27

使徒行传(Act): 3:22 – 23


本周妥拉摘要 Portion Summary


国王登了国位后,要为自己抄录一本妥拉,这一诫命恰好展示了弥赛亚的作为。祂自己本身就是神的话语道成肉身。他就是妥拉,被抄录在人的肉身上。更深层地说,祂抄录妥拉的方式,就是将妥拉写在我们心上。弥赛亚王的妥拉不是用墨水写的,乃是用永生神的灵写的;不是写在石版上,乃是写在心版上(哥林多后书3:3)。


The commandment for the king to write a copy of the Torah demonstrates the work of Messiah. He Himself is the Word made flesh. He is the copy of the Torah in human form. Furthermore, He writes a copy of the Torah as He writes the Torah upon our hearts. The Torah of King Messiah is written not with ink, but with the Spirit of the living God, not on tablets of stone, but on tablets of human hearts (2 Corinthians 3:3).


本周妥拉纲要 Portion Outline


妥拉

申命记 16:18   | 审判官与官长

申命记 16:21   | 敬拜禁止的条规

申命记 17:8    | 祭司与审判官的律法判定

申命记 17:14   | 皇家权柄的限制

申命记 18:1    | 祭司和利未人的特权

申命记 18:9    | 禁止儿童献祭、占卜和法术

申命记 18:15   | 像摩西一样的新先知

申命记 19:1    | 关于逃城的条例

申命记 19:14   | 产业的界址

申命记 19:15   | 关于见证人的条例

申命记 20:1    | 关于战争的条例

申命记 21:1    | 关于凶杀案的条例

 

先知书

以赛亚书 51:1  | 祝福上帝的子民

以赛亚书 52:1  | 让锡安充满喜乐


TORAH

Deuteronomy 16:18 | Municipal Judges and Officers

Deuteronomy 16:21 | Forbidden Forms of Worship

Deuteronomy 17:8 | Legal Decisions by Priests and Judges

Deuteronomy 17:14 | Limitations of Royal Authority

Deuteronomy 18:1 | Privileges of Priests and Levites

Deuteronomy 18:9 | Child-Sacrifice, Divination, and Magic Prohibited

Deuteronomy 18:15 | A New Prophet Like Moses

Deuteronomy 19:1 | Laws concerning the Cities of Refuge

Deuteronomy 19:14 | Property Boundaries

Deuteronomy 19:15 | Law concerning Witnesses

Deuteronomy 20:1 | Rules of Warfare

Deuteronomy 21:1 | Law concerning Murder by Persons Unknown


PROPHETS

Isaiah 51:1 | Blessings in Store for God's People

Isaiah 52:1 | Let Zion Rejoice


本周妥拉教导 Portion Teaching


那位神秘的先知


上帝曾应许过,在将来要兴起一位“像摩西一样的先知”。然而,这位神秘先知究竟是谁?什么才叫像摩西一样?

 

摩西告诉以色列民,神“要从你们弟兄中间给你兴起一位先知,像我”(申命记18:15)。然而,这个应许有两种理解方式。

 

根据Rashi的教导,它指的是神会不断兴起许多先知来对以色列说话,意即神会一代一代地兴起像摩西一样的先知。神从来没有停止对以色列释放先知性的声音。祂兴起了一系列的先知,从摩西的仆人约书亚起,一直延伸到施洗的约翰,正如经上记着说,“因为众先知和律法说预言,直到约翰为止”(马太福音11:13)。

 

但是在另一方面,这段经文并没有在字面意义上提及任何先知承袭的事。申命记34:9-10可以证明,“像摩西一样的先知”是不包括约书亚的。就是在约书亚被先知性的灵充满以后,妥拉仍然说“再没有兴起先知像摩西的”:

 

嫩的儿子约书亚,因为摩西曾按手在他头上,就被智慧的灵充满,以色列人便听从他,照着耶和华吩咐摩西的行了。以后以色列中再没有兴起先知像摩西的。他是耶和华面对面所认识的。(申命记34:9-10)

 

如果从这个角度来分析,我们能看出,申命记18章中预言的先知不是约书亚或者后来的任何一位先知。相反,它指的是一位特定的、神在后来要兴起的先知。那个先知会是像摩西一样,是“耶和华面对面所认识的”(申命记34:10)。

 

那么,什么才叫“像摩西一样”的先知呢?

 

他需要能直接听见神,像摩西一样;他需要是一位以色列的解救者,像摩西一样;他也需要比世人更加谦卑,像摩西一样。

 

那么这位神秘的先知到底是谁呢?


他并不是别人,他就是弥赛亚。使徒们都知道,预言中说的这位先知就是指的Yeshua。

 

同蒙天召的圣洁弟兄啊,你们应当思想我们所认为使者、为大祭司的耶稣。他为那设立他的尽忠,如同摩西在神的全家尽忠一样。他比摩西算是更配多得荣耀,好像建造房屋的比房屋更尊荣。(希伯来书3:1-3)

 

The Mysterious Prophet


Who is the mysterious "prophet like Moses" that God promised to raise up in the future? What does a prophet like Moses look like?

 

ses told the children of Israel that the LORD would one day raise a prophet "like me from among you, from your own countrymen" (Deuteronomy 18:15). This promise can be understood in two ways.

 

According to Rashi it refers to the succession of prophets who would speak to Israel. Rashi explained that God would raise prophets like Moses "from prophet to prophet." God did not leave Israel without a prophetic voice. He raised a line of prophets, beginning with Joshua, the servant of Moses and extending all the way to John the Immerser, as Scripture says, "For all the prophets and the Torah prophesied until John" (Matthew 11:13).

 

On the other hand, the passage does not literally speak of a succession of many prophets. Deuteronomy 34:9-10 proves that the promise of a prophet like Moses excludes Joshua. Even after Joshua was filled with the prophetic spirit, the Torah still says that no prophet like Moses had yet arisen:


Now Joshua the son of Nun was filled with the spirit of wisdom, for Moses had laid his hands on him; and the sons of Israel listened to him and did as the LORD had commanded Moses. Since that time no prophet has risen in Israel like Moses, whom the LORD knew face to face. (Deuteronomy 34:9-10)

From that perspective, the prophecy in Deuteronomy 18 could not have been referring to Joshua or any of the prophets who followed him. Instead, it refers to a single prophet whom God would raise up in the future. That man would be a prophet like Moses "whom the LORD knew face to face" (Deuteronomy 34:10).

 

What would a prophet like Moses look like? 


He would need to be a prophet who heard directly from God, like Moses did. He would need to be a redeemer of Israel, like Moses was. He would need to be a man of unsurpassed humility, like Moses was. Who is this mysterious prophet? The prophet like Moses is none other than the Messiah. The apostles understood the prophecy of the prophet like Moses to refer directly to Yeshua.

 

Therefore, holy brethren, partakers of a heavenly calling, consider Yeshua, the Apostle and High Priest of our confession; He was faithful to Him who appointed Him, as Moses also was in all His house. For He has been counted worthy of more glory than Moses. (Hebrews 3:1-3)


First Fruits of Zion

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