弥赛亚会被神咒诅吗？
你出去 Ki Tetze — כי תצא
申命记（Deu）： 21:10 – 25:19
以赛亚书（Isa）： 54:1 – 10
马太福音（Mat）： 5:27 – 30
哥林多前书（1Co）： 5:1 – 5
本周妥拉摘要 Portion Summary
注：根据妥拉学习课程，本周妥拉摘要为以下，与之前有一定区别，特说明。
拉比Meir说，有个和它相关的比喻。能拿什么和它比呢？可以比作两个双胞胎兄弟。他们都生活在某个城市。其中一个登基作了王，而另一个作了土匪。在国王的命令下，大家把土匪施了绞刑。但是每个看见土匪的人都说，国王被绞死了！于是，国王又颁布诏书命令把他放下来。（b.Sanhedrin 46b）
Rabbi Meir said, There is a parable about this matter. To what can it be compared? It can be compared to two identical twin brothers. Both lived in a certain city. One was appointed king, and the other became a bandit. At the king's command they hanged the bandit. But everyone who saw him hanging there said, The king has been hung! Therefore the king issued a command and he was taken down. (b.Sanhedrin 46b)
本周妥拉纲要 Portion Outline
妥拉
申命记 21:10 ｜ 女性俘虏
申命记 21:15 ｜ 长子的权利
申命记 21:18 ｜ 悖逆的儿女
申命记 21:22 ｜ 其它的条例
申命记 22:13 ｜ 关于贞洁的条例
申命记 23:1 ｜ 不许入神圣会的人
申命记 23:9 ｜ 卫生与其他条例
申命记 24:1 ｜ 结婚与离婚的条例
申命记 24:5 ｜ 其他条例
申命记 25:5 ｜ 兄弟娶寡嫂制
申命记 25:11 ｜ 其他各种条例
先知书
以赛亚书 54:1 ｜ 永恒平安之约
TORAH
Deuteronomy 21:10 | Female Captives
Deuteronomy 21:15 | The Right of the Firstborn
Deuteronomy 21:18 | Rebellious Children
Deuteronomy 21:22 | Miscellaneous Laws
Deuteronomy 22:13 | Laws concerning Sexual Relations
Deuteronomy 23:1 | Those Excluded from the Assembly
Deuteronomy 23:9 | Sanitary, Ritual, and Humanitarian Precepts
Deuteronomy 24:1 | Laws concerning Marriage and Divorce
Deuteronomy 24:5 | Miscellaneous Laws
Deuteronomy 25:5 | Levirate Marriage
Deuteronomy 25:11 | Various Commands
PROPHETS
Isaiah 54:1 | The Eternal Covenant of Peace
本周妥拉教导 Portion Teaching
弥赛亚会被神咒诅吗
如果挂在树上的人是神所咒诅的，那么这是否意味着，耶稣是被神咒诅的？
在犹太教里，人们通常会称呼拿撒勒人耶稣为Talui (תלוי)，或者为haTalui (התלוי)。这个词的字面意思是“那个被挂起来的人”，或根据语境翻译为“那个被钉十架的人”。正如犹太人一直在教会的议论和逼迫下挣扎辗转，Talui的这个绰号也承受了许多嘲讽。当人们问，谁是Yeshua？回答是：他是Talui，那个被钉十字架的人。
而妥拉对此怎么说呢？“Talui（被挂在木头上的）是被神咒诅的”。
申命记21:23说，“因为被挂的人是在神面前受咒诅的”。这段经文解释了为什么Talui这个绰号，意即被挂起来的人，在犹太人中间成了指代Yeshua的通用名称。在旧的反基督教文献中，这些轻蔑的用语通常还会和其他毫不客气的描述相关联，但通常来说，Talui指的是Yeshua，那个被钉十架的人。而这个名字正源于妥拉：“被挂的人（Talui）是在神面前受咒诅的”（申命记21:22-23）。
反对福音的人至今还在使用这段经文来嘲讽耶稣是弥赛亚。我们回到初代信徒开始传扬Yeshua的时期。在那时，那些藐视福音的人可能就已经开始用这段经文回击了：“Talui是神所咒诅的。被钉十字架的那位是被神咒诅的”。
初代信徒们的对手就像今日反对福音的人一样，也使用着这段经文来辩证Yeshua不可能是弥赛亚。他们可能会说，“看，他不可能是弥赛亚，因为他是挂在树上死的，而每个挂在树上的都是神所咒诅的。真正的弥赛亚当然不会是神所咒诅的”。
初代信徒们遇见的最为学识渊博、又最为抵挡福音的人恐怕就是大数人保罗了。保罗知道这段经文，他在早期和信徒们辩论时就曾使用它来抵挡被挂在木头、被钉十架的耶稣haTalui。
之后，在回想这件事时，保罗在给哥林多信徒的书信中写到，“所以我告诉你们，被的神灵感动的，没有说‘耶稣是可咒诅的’；若不是被圣灵感动的，也没有能说‘耶稣是主’的”（哥林多前书12:3）。保罗也在加拉太书中提到这件事。
在加拉太书第3章中，保罗又回到了这节旧时被用来抵挡Yeshua、讽刺Talui的申命记21:22-23，然而这次，保罗将话题进行了反转。
基督既为我们成了咒诅，就赎出我们脱离律法的咒诅——因为经上记着说，（见申命记21:23）“凡挂在木头上的都是被咒诅的”——这便叫亚伯拉罕的福，因为基督耶稣可以临到外邦人，使我们因信得着所应许的圣灵。（加拉太书3:13-14）
Accursed of God
If a man hung upon a tree is under God's curse, doesn't this imply that Yeshua was cursed by God?
Within Judaism, Yeshua of Nazareth has been often known by the name Talui (תלוי), or haTalui (התלוי), which literally translated means “the Hanged One,” or contextually, “the Crucified One.” As the Jewish people struggled under the polemics and persecutions of the church, the Talui moniker provided an inside joke. Who is Yeshua? He is Talui, the Crucified One. And what does the Torah say? “Talui is accursed of God.”
Deuteronomy 21:23 says, “He who is hanged is accursed of God.” This passage explains why the name Talui, the Hung One, became a common title for Yeshua among the Jewish people. In old anti-Christian writings, the pejorative is sometimes combined with other unflattering descriptions, but in general, Talui, refers to Yeshua, the crucified one. The title comes from the Torah: “He who is hanged (talui) is accursed of God” (Deuteronomy 21:22-23).
Anti-missionaries still invoke the passage today. This joke goes all the way back to the earliest years of the Yeshua movement. As the apostles proclaimed “Christ crucified” within the Jewish community, the early detractors who resisted their message probably responded with this passage: “Talui is accursed of God. The Crucified One is accursed of God.”
Opponents of the early believers used the passage to argue that Yeshua could not be the Messiah, just as anti-missionaries do today. They probably said, “You see, He could not be Messiah because He was hung on a tree, and everyone hung on a tree is accursed of God. Surely the real Messiah is not accursed of God.”
The most learned and most vicious anti-missionary the believers ever faced was Paul of Tarsus. Paul knew this passage. He used it in his debates against the early believers, in contempt of Yeshua haTalui, the Crucified One.
Reflecting on this matter, Paul wrote to the Corinthians, “I make known to you that no one speaking by the Spirit of God says, ‘Jesus is accursed’; and no one can say, ‘Jesus is Lord,’ except in the Holy Spirit” (1 Corinthians 12:3). He also brought it up in the book of Galatians.
In Galatians 3, Paul returned to his old anti-Yeshua, Talui-polemic and cited Deuteronomy 21:22-23 in reference to Yeshua again. That passage was always popular with the anti-Yeshua crowd, but in Galatians 3, Paul put a new spin on it:
Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us—for it is written, [in Deuteronomy 21:23] “Cursed is everyone who is hanged on a tree”— so that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles, so that we might receive the promised Spirit through faith. (Galatians 3:13-14)
First Fruits of Zion