慢速英语 | 大批委内瑞拉难民引巴西头大 | 自由微信

慢速英语 | 大批委内瑞拉难民引巴西头大

2017-12-20 原著共读

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VOA慢速-What Effect Will Cuts to UN Peacekeeping Have?

An increasing number of Venezuelans have moved out of the country recently.They are seeking to escape economic hardship and high crime rates in their homeland.

Many of those Venezuelans are migrating to Brazil.One of them is Victor Rivera, a 36-year-old unemployed bakery worker.In August, Rivera left his home in northern Venezuela.He made the two-day trip across the countryside to Boa Vista, a city in the Brazilian state of Roraima.

Few jobs can be found in Boa Vista, but Rivera finds his job prospects there more appealing than in his hometown.He says his six children often go hungry, as food in stores is in increasingly short supply.

“I see no future in Venezuela,” said Rivera.

The once-wealthy nation is now struggling with a recession, widespread unemployment, shortages of supplies and high inflation.

And at least 125 people died this year in clashes among government opponents, supporters and police.

As conditions there worsen, nearby countries are struggling with one of the biggest migrations in Latin American history.With limited public services and jobs to offer migrants, Brazilian officials fear a full humanitarian crisis.

George Okoth-Obbo is operations chief for the United Nations High Commission on Refugees.He spoke to the Reuters news agency after a recent visit to Boa Vista.He noted, “Shelters are already crowded to their limit.It is a very tough situation.”

Venezuelan government officials do not know exactly how many of its 30 million people have migrated overseas in recent years.Some experts have estimated the number to be as high as 2 million.

Many of the Venezuelans leaving have few skills or financial resources.By migrating, then, they export some of the social problems that Venezuela has struggled to resolve.

Mauricio Santoro is a political scientist at Rio de Janeiro State University.He says, “They’re leaving because of economic, health and public safety problems,but putting a lot of pressure on countries that have their own difficulties.”

International officials are likening the situation in Venezuela to other mass migrations in Latin America’s past,like that of people who fled Haiti after a 2010 earthquake.Thirty years earlier, about 125,000 Cubans attempted to travel by boat to the United States.

Okoth-Obbo told Reuters that as many as 40,000 Venezuelans have arrived in Brazil.Just over half of them have asked the government for asylum.But that process that can take up to two years.

The request for asylum gives them the right to stay in Brazil while their appeal is considered.It also gives the migrants the right to health care, education and other social services.

Some migrants in Boa Vista are discovering ways to get by.They have found low-cost housing or are staying in the few shelters that officials have provided.Others have no permanent place to stay, and instead live in the streets or turn to crime.

Teresa Surita, the mayor of Boa Vista, said, “We have a very serious problem that will only get worse.”She added that the city’s once quiet streets are increasingly filled with poor Venezuelans.

Most migrants to Boa Vista arrive by land.They enter Brazil on foot from the Venezuelan border town of Santa Elena.They then take buses or ask for rides from strangers to travel further south.

Brazilian officials say border guards permit as many as 400 migrants to enter Roraima state daily.Roraima has the lowest population and smallest economy of any state in Brazil.

Latin America’s biggest country has struggled recently to deal with asylum seekers from countries such as Haiti and Syria.Brazil has approved more than 2,700 asylum requests from Syrian refugees.But the refugees have received little support from the government.

One top official in Brazil’s foreign ministry said the country will not close its borders.Okoth-Obbo said the UNHCR and Brazil’s government are discussing ways to move refugees to larger cities.

I’m Jonathan Evans.

An increasing number of Venezuelans have moved out of the country recently.They are seeking to escape economic hardship and high crime rates in their homeland.
最近，越来越多的委内瑞拉民众离开了故乡。他们想远离故土的经济贫困与高犯罪率。

Many of those Venezuelans are migrating to Brazil.One of them is Victor Rivera, a 36-year-old unemployed bakery worker.In August, Rivera left his home in northern Venezuela.He made the two-day trip across the countryside to Boa Vista, a city in the Brazilian state of Roraima.
其中有许多人移民到了巴西。维克托·里韦拉就是其中的一个，他今年36岁，是一名失业的面包房工人。今年8月，里韦拉离开了他在委内瑞拉北部的家。他走了两天的路，穿越乡村，来到了博阿维斯塔市，这是巴西罗赖马州的一座城市。

Few jobs can be found in Boa Vista, but Rivera finds his job prospects there more appealing than in his hometown.He says his six children often go hungry, as food in stores is in increasingly short supply.
博阿维斯塔找不到什么工作，但里韦拉还是觉得这里的工作前景要比委内瑞拉好。他表示，自己的六个孩子总是吃不饱饭，因为商店里的食物越来越紧俏。

“I see no future in Venezuela,” said Rivera.
里韦拉说，“我在委内瑞拉看不到什么未来。”

The once-wealthy nation is now struggling with a recession, widespread unemployment, shortages of supplies and high inflation.
委内瑞拉这个曾经富裕的国家如今陷入了经济低迷、大范围失业、供应紧缺与高通货膨胀。

And at least 125 people died this year in clashes among government opponents, supporters and police.
此外，今年至少125人在政府反对者、支持者和警方的冲突中死亡。

As conditions there worsen, nearby countries are struggling with one of the biggest migrations in Latin American history.With limited public services and jobs to offer migrants, Brazilian officials fear a full humanitarian crisis.
随着境况越来越差，一些邻国也陷入了拉丁美洲历史上最大规模的一次移民之中。由于没有充足的公共资源和就业岗位，巴西的一些官员担心会出现全面的人道主义危机。

George Okoth-Obbo is operations chief for the United Nations High Commission on Refugees.He spoke to the Reuters news agency after a recent visit to Boa Vista.He noted, “Shelters are already crowded to their limit.It is a very tough situation.”
乔治·奥克斯·奥博是联合国难民署的业务主管。最近他出访博阿维斯塔后接受了路透社的采访。他强调，“各个避难所已经达到了收容的上限，形势十分艰难。”

Venezuelan government officials do not know exactly how many of its 30 million people have migrated overseas in recent years.Some experts have estimated the number to be as high as 2 million.
多位委内瑞拉政府官员不知道近年来其三千万民众中到底有多少人移民了。一些专家估计，移民数量可能高达两百万。

Many of the Venezuelans leaving have few skills or financial resources.By migrating, then, they export some of the social problems that Venezuela has struggled to resolve.
很多移民的委内瑞拉人都身无所长，空无一物。于是，通过移民，他们将很多委内瑞拉难以解决的社会问题转移到了国外。

Mauricio Santoro is a political scientist at Rio de Janeiro State University.He says, “They’re leaving because of economic, health and public safety problems,but putting a lot of pressure on countries that have their own difficulties.”
毛利西奥·桑托罗是里约热内卢州立大学的政治学者。他表示，“他们由于一些经济、健康、公众安全问题而离开委内瑞拉，但却给也有自身问题的国家带来了巨大的压力。”

International officials are likening the situation in Venezuela to other mass migrations in Latin America’s past,like that of people who fled Haiti after a 2010 earthquake.Thirty years earlier, about 125,000 Cubans attempted to travel by boat to the United States.
国际上的一些官员将委内瑞拉的形势与拉丁美洲过去的其他大规模移民相比较，比如2010年地震后，大批人逃离海地的例子。三十年前，也有近12.5万古巴人曾坐船去往美国。

Okoth-Obbo told Reuters that as many as 40,000 Venezuelans have arrived in Brazil.Just over half of them have asked the government for asylum.But that process that can take up to two years.
奥克斯·奥博在接受路透社采访时说，多达四万委内瑞拉人抵达了巴西。而有一半以上人请求巴西政府提供庇护，但过程长达两年。

The request for asylum gives them the right to stay in Brazil while their appeal is considered.It also gives the migrants the right to health care, education and other social services.
申请庇护给了他们留在巴西的权利，逗留期间巴西政府会考虑他们的申请。申请庇护也给了移民们医疗、教育等社会服务的权利。

Some migrants in Boa Vista are discovering ways to get by.They have found low-cost housing or are staying in the few shelters that officials have provided.Others have no permanent place to stay, and instead live in the streets or turn to crime.
博阿维斯塔的一些移民发现了活下去的办法。他们住在经济房或者待在政府官员提供的为数不多的避难所里。还有一些人没有永久居住地，就露宿街头，或者进行犯罪。

Teresa Surita, the mayor of Boa Vista, said, “We have a very serious problem that will only get worse.”She added that the city’s once quiet streets are increasingly filled with poor Venezuelans.
特蕾莎·苏里塔是博阿维斯塔市的市长，她表示，“我们这个问题性质严重，而且只会愈发严重下去。”她补充说道，博阿维斯塔曾经安静的街道挤满了越来越多的委内瑞拉穷人。

Most migrants to Boa Vista arrive by land.They enter Brazil on foot from the Venezuelan border town of Santa Elena.They then take buses or ask for rides from strangers to travel further south.
大多数来到博阿维斯塔的人都是通过陆路。他们从委内瑞拉边境的圣塔艾那走过来，然后坐公交或者搭乘陌生人的车继续往南走。

Brazilian officials say border guards permit as many as 400 migrants to enter Roraima state daily.Roraima has the lowest population and smallest economy of any state in Brazil.
巴西的一些官员表示，边防兵每天允许多达400名移民进入罗赖马州。罗赖马州是巴西人口最少、经济规模最小的州。

Latin America’s biggest country has struggled recently to deal with asylum seekers from countries such as Haiti and Syria.Brazil has approved more than 2,700 asylum requests from Syrian refugees.But the refugees have received little support from the government.
这个拉丁美洲最大的国家最近挣扎于应对寻求庇护的人，他们来自海地、叙利亚等国。巴西批准了叙利亚2700多名难民的请求，但这些难民却很少收到政府的支持。

One top official in Brazil’s foreign ministry said the country will not close its borders.Okoth-Obbo said the UNHCR and Brazil’s government are discussing ways to move refugees to larger cities.
巴西外交部某高官表示，巴西不会封闭国境。奥克斯·奥博表示，联合国难民署和巴西政府正在讨论有什么办法可以将难民迁移到更大的城市。

I’m Jonathan Evans.
约翰逊·埃文斯为您播报。

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